Apple manual Hot Spots, 20A slider used for data input

Page 115

C H A P T E R 3

Controls

Figure 3-20A slider used for data input

Slider

Hot Spots

Some views need to have many small, unnamed controls that respond like buttons when tapped. For example, a view that contains a map might respond to a user tapping a place on the map by displaying information about the place tapped. These hot spots may be visible or transparent.

Make it clear what elements of a view are hot spots unless you want to hide them from users. If space and design considerations permit, give hot spots a distinctive look that users can learn means “tap here.” Simple geometric shapes—such as circles, squares, and triangles—are possibilities. When a user taps a visible hot spot, highlight it to provide feedback. Users need feedback to reassure them that they have really tapped the hot spot.

Hot spots that are very small and close together may have to be invisible to avoid cluttering the view they’re in. Feedback is very important with small invisible hot spots, because a user can’t be sure which hot spot he or she is tapping. One possibility is to display a list of all the hot spots near where the user tapped, and let the user select one of the listed spots by tapping it in the list. If the user taps a place where there aren’t any nearby hot spots (a “cold” spot), the application can provide feedback by listing one item that explains the situation, such as “Nothing here.” Figure 3-21 shows how the Time Zones application responds when a user taps one of its invisible hot spots.

Hot Spots

3-21

Page 114 Page 116
Image 115
Page 114 Page 116
Contents Addison-Wesley Publishing Company Newton 2.0 User Interface GuidelinesLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Contents Container Views Page Controls Vii PickersData Input IconsViii Page Routing and Communications Newton Services Xii Glossary GL-1 Index IN-1Xiii Newton and Its UsersXiv Controls Xvi PickersXvii IconsXviii Routing and CommunicationsChoosing a printer in a routing slip Xix10A status slip shows the progress of a Find Operation Xxi Who Should Read This BookRelated Books What’s in This BookXxii Developer Products and Support Visual Cues Used in This BookXxiii Xxiv ApdaUnderstand Newton Newton and Its UsersKnow Your Audience What People Do With Newton AccessibilityMetaphors Observe Basic Human Interface Principles1Metaphors help people quickly grasp how software works Direct Manipulation See and Point FeedbackConsistency Forgiveness User ControlAesthetic Integrity StabilityObserve the Built-In Applications Design for the Newton SystemUse the Common Pool of Data Use Screen Space Wisely Keep Applications SimpleCheck the Screen Size Newton and Its Users Define Your Audience Involve Users in the Design ProcessAnalyze Tasks Observe Users Build PrototypesTen Steps for Conducting a User Observation Tell the participant that it’s OK to quit at any time Explain how to think aloudTalk about the equipment in the room Describe in general terms what the participant will be doing Explain that you will not provide helpUse the results Conclude the observationNewton and Its Users Page Container Views 1Examples of container views View Controls How Views Look2Standard controls for manipulating views View Title3Various title styles Matte Border View BorderWavy Border Striped BorderDrop Shadows Plain BorderView Fill Main Views9A title or a folder tab tops a main view Title or Folder TabSeparator Bars Primary Controls and Status Bar11Separator bars separate multiple items in a scrolling view Main View’s Border Notification alerts communicate important messages to users Auxiliary Views14Users can move most slips Slips15Dismissing slips that complete actions 16A notification alert tells the user something important Notification AlertsConfirmation Alerts 18A confirmation alert tells the user about a grave situation Status Slips Title and Message Progress Indicator 21A gauge in a status slip measures elapsing progress Close, Stop, or CancelUser Decision Palettes23A palette provides handy access to useful settings 24A drawer slides open and closed DrawersRoll Views Opening Container Views How Views WorkView Display Order Backdrop What Is ActivePosition of a Main View View PositionPosition of Auxiliary Views 25Where to position a small auxiliary viewClosing a Main View Closing a ViewClosing a Slip Moving a ViewClosing a Drawer 26Dragging a view’s drag handle moves the view Changing a View’s Size28A view may change size in response to user actions Scrolling 30Scrolling by tapping a down arrow Scrolling With Scroll ArrowsUniversal Scroll Arrows Local Scroll Arrows 32How scroll arrows work in the Date Book’s Day view 33Scroll arrow color may indicate what scrolling will reveal Four-way Scrolling34A control for scrolling in four directions 36Automatic scrolling Automatic ScrollingOverview Overview ContentsScrolling Performance 37How an overview relates to a detail view 38The Overview button at the bottom of a MessagePad screen Overview Button39Getting an overview Switching to and from an OverviewScroll and Overview in an Overview Closing an Overview Nonfunctional Scroll and Overview ControlsPage Controls Text Buttons ButtonsText Button Sizes Naming Take-Action Buttons Naming Text Buttons4Name buttons distinctively wherever possible Naming Cancel- and Stop-Action Buttons5Where to use a button named Cancel 7A picture button depicts what the button does Picture ButtonsDesigning Picture Buttons Button Feedback Button BehaviorButton States 10A button disappears when it isn’t availableButton Placement Button Spacing 11Where to put buttons in a view13Regular spacing between buttons on a MessagePad Large Buttons Close BoxesWhere to Use a Large Close Box Where to Use a Regular Close BoxRadio Buttons 16Where to use a large Close box17Only one radio button in a cluster can be selected Checkboxes 18Each checkbox can be on or off 19One checkbox vs. two radio buttons Sliders20A slider used for data input Hot Spots21Providing feedback for small, transparent hot spots Standard Newton ButtonsInfo Button Analog Clock ButtonRecognizer Button 23Where an Info button goesKeyboard Button 26Where a Keyboard buttons goesShow Button New ButtonFiling Button 29Where a Filing button goesAction Button 30A Filing button reports where a data item is storedItem Info Button 31Where an Action button goes32Seeing an Item Info slip Rotate Button33A Rotate button lets users change the screen orientation Page Pickers Elements of List Pickers List PickersIcons Check MarksItem Names Table of Items Unavailable Items 2A list picker can contain a two-dimensional table of itemsOrganization of List Pickers 4Grouping items in list pickers Sources of List Pickers5Pickers can pop up from buttons, labels, and hot spots Position of List PickersPicking an Item Using a List Picker7Using a list picker from a button User Editing of Pickers Scrolling 10A lengthy picker can include scroll arrows and index tabs Index TabsHierarchical List Pickers 11How a two-level hierarchy of list pickers works 12A number picker simplifies specifying a numerical value Number PickerDate and Time Pickers 14Date pickers specify one date or a date range Overview Pickers Contents of Overview Pickers15The parts of overview pickers Position of Overview PickersPicking Items Using an Overview Picker16Entering a new value in an overview picker Scrolling ItemsCreating New Items Standard Newton PickersInfo Picker New Picker Action Picker Show PickerPeople Picker 20The Action picker lists commands for acting on dataNames only Designing Effective Icons IconsThinking Up an Icon Image Design for the Newton Display Make Shapely IconsMake All Sizes of an Icon Look Alike Avoid Text in Icons3Small icon resembles large icon Use Icons ConsistentlyThink About Multicultural Compatibility Extras Drawer IconsExtras Drawer Icons Together Icons 6Large icons crowd the Extras Drawer Extras Drawer Icon SizeExtras Drawer Icon Names Extras Drawer Icon ShapeAnimating an Extras Drawer Icon 7An icon’s mask either highlights or animates the icon 8Combining an icon with its mask to animate the icon Title IconsIcons in a Picker Button Icons11Icons can help communicate picker item functions Icons in a Picker Input Fields Data Input1Users enter and edit data in input fields Tapping 2How a picker works for data input Scrolling Lists and Tables3Data input using scrolling lists with or without checkboxes 4With radio buttons, a user can select one value for a field Radio ButtonsSliders CheckboxesText Input Writing, Drawing, and Editing7How an unlabeled text-input line works Simple Input Line8How labeled text input lines work Labeled Input Line9How expandos work Text Input Lines that ExpandStructured List Input Paragraph InputShape Input 12Interface element for shape input General Input13Interface element for general input RecognitionUser Control of Recognition 15Users may need to control recognition separately in a slip Deferred Recognition Configuring Recognition Forcing RecognitionData Input Editing Selecting Text and Shapes 17Selecting words and shapes 18Orientations of the scrubbing gesture Erasing Text or ShapesData Input Scrubbing a little or a lot Breaking Paragraphs Joining WordsInserting Space in Text Data Input Inserting space in text Inserting New TextUser taps caret Picker pops up User selects a Correcting Misrecognized Text Replacing Text26How a Corrector view works Duplicating Text or Shapes Changing Capitalization of TextChanging Paragraph Margins Removing Extra Space from ParagraphsMoving Objects Typing28A Keyboard picker lists alternate on-screen keyboards Displaying KeyboardsKeys Keyboard PositionCharacter Keys Shift ReturnTab DelOption Type-Ahead and Auto-RepeatArrow Keys Error Correction Error HandlingError Detection RoutingandCommunications In/Out Box Box In/Out Box Items Out BoxViewing Items in the In/Out Box Viewing Routing Information 2A Show button provides access to alternative views3Viewing routing information in an Item Info slip Routing Outgoing Items4An Action picker lists the transports available for sending Action Button and PickerAn Action Button’s Location Action Picker Contents 7An Action picker can include two kinds of actions Building an Action PickerRouting Slips Sender Picker 9Changing the sender’s name or location Choosing a Printer Recipient Pickers10Choosing a printer in a routing slip Choosing Fax or E-mail Recipients11Choosing fax or e-mail recipients in a routing slip Send Button and Close Box Transport PickerRouting and Communications Format Picker Other Routing Slip Elements14Format choices vary by transport and class of data Routing and Communications 16Previewing outgoing page images Routing Outgoing Items Preview ButtonSending Out Box Items Routing Incoming ItemsReceiving In Box Items Disposing of Received Items Receiving Remote In Box Items20The Tag picker disposes of currently selected In Box items Putting Away Received ItemsFiling Items That Are Put Away Putting Away Items AutomaticallyExtending the Tag Picker Routing Status21Status slips apprise users of lengthy transport activities Stopping a Send or Receive in Progress Transport Preferences 23Some common preference items for transports 24A Call routing slip sets up an outgoing phone call Routing Alternatives25Routing with the Intelligent Assistant Routing by Intelligent AssistantProgrammed Sending Newton Services Notify Button and Picker Automatic Busy Cursor3The Notify picker lists ongoing actions and deferred alerts Alarms Alarm Etiquette Unacknowledged AlarmsFind SoundText Searches 5A standard Find slip specifies what to find and where to lookScope of a Search Date SearchesFind 8Searching specified applications Customizing the Standard Find SlipCriterion added by the frontmost application Search Status Initiating or Canceling a SearchSearch Results 11A Find overview lists items that match search criteria Filing Filing Button and Slip Filing Button’s Location Filing Slip’s Contents Newton Services Editing Folders 17Slips for entering and editing folder names Folder Tab18A folder tab allows users to filter a view by folder 20A folder tab can include a digital clock and calendar Invoking the Assistant Intelligent AssistantInterpreting the Request Phrase Assist Slip Waits for input Newton Services Task Slips Help HelpHelp System-wide Preferences PreferencesApplication Preferences 32Preferences Screen Size New and Show ButtonsTapping v. Writing Button Location Picker Placement and AlignmentField Alignment Close Box SizeDismissing a Slip Button SizeCapitalization Picker IconsPunctuation to Avoid FontsExtras Drawer Icons Date and Time Input StoragePage Application base view Alert boxAlert sound ApplicationTapped. See also picture button and text button CommandBusy cursor ButtonDimmed Context-sensitiveControl Date BookFolder tab Extras Drawerfield floating container viewInput area Item Info slipInk text InputParent view Notification slipOutput PaletteRouting slip PointProto template RoutingGL-8 See proto templateWord wrap User interfaceGL-9 Page IN-1 IndexIN-2 IN-3 IN-4 IN-5 See also routing In Box IN-6IN-7 IN-8 IN-9 IN-10 Page IN-12 IN-13 IN-14 IN-15 IN-16 Lon Poole
Related manuals
Manual 94 pages 48.18 Kb

2 specifications

The Apple II is a defining product in the history of personal computing, first introduced in 1977 by Apple Computer, Inc. Designed by Steve Wozniak, the Apple II was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products and played a significant role in bringing personal computers into homes and schools.

One of the Apple II's standout features was its color graphics capability. It was one of the first personal computers to provide color output, thanks to its built-in video interface. The initial model supported a resolution of 280x192 pixels with a palette of 6 colors, which allowed for vibrant visuals that set it apart from contemporaries like the monochrome Altair 8800.

The Apple II was notable for its open architecture. This design allowed users to expand the computer's capabilities easily through a series of expansion slots. Users could add floppy disk drives, additional memory, and various peripheral devices, making the system highly adaptable to individual needs. This encouraged a thriving ecosystem of third-party hardware and software, which contributed to its popularity.

Another significant feature was its use of the 6502 microprocessor. This 8-bit CPU was not only affordable but also powerful for its time, allowing the Apple II to run various applications efficiently. Along with a built-in keyboard and an innovative plastic case that housed its components, the design was user-friendly and appealing.

The Apple II also introduced the concept of “bootable software” through the use of floppy disks. The disk operating system (DOS) allowed users to store and run multiple programs without having to reload software manually, providing a level of convenience that had not been widely available before. Key software like VisiCalc, the first spreadsheet program, helped boost sales, showcasing the Apple II's utility in business and education environments.

The computer was also well-known for its early adoption of BASIC programming language. Apple provided an operating system that supported Applesoft BASIC, which enabled users, including students, to write their programs, further fostering a community of developers.

In summary, the Apple II's color graphics, open architecture, powerful 6502 processor, innovative use of floppy disks, and support for BASIC programming made it a revolutionary product in its time. Its legacy laid the groundwork for future personal computers and established Apple as a leader in the burgeoning tech industry. The Apple II remains an iconic symbol of the early personal computing era, reflecting a generation's transition into a digitally connected world.
Top Page Image Contents