the modules should typically face south, and in the Southern Hemisphere, the modules should typically face north. Modules facing 30 degrees away from true South (or North) will lose approximately 10 to 15 percent of their power output. If the module faces 60 degrees away from true South (or North), the power loss will be 20 to 30 percent. When choosing a site, avoid trees, buildings or obstructions, which could cast shadows on PV modules especially during the winter season when the arc of the sun is lowest over the horizon.
5. MODULE TILT ANGLE
KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules produce bigger power when they are pointed directly at the sun.
For grid tie installations where the PV modules are attached to a permanent structure, PV modules should be tilted at an angle equal to the site's latitude. This will typically result in the highest annual energy output.
6.INSTALLING KDxxxGX-LPx SERIES MODULES
To install the module, use bolt and nut on installation holes which are opened in the module frame and install the module by following the instruction below.
The minimum spacing of 2” (50 mm) is required between PV module and the mounting surface around the perimeter of PV module. KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules may be installed in various applications utilizing a variety of support structure options and attachment methods. For optimal performance in all applications, clearance between the module frame and the mounting surface is required to allow cooler ambient air to circulate around the back of the module and to avoid the module and / or wiring damage. A minimum of .13” (3.2 mm) spacing must also be maintained between module frames to allow for thermal expansion.
KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules may be attached to a support structure by the following methods. When installing modules in snowy area, an appropriate countermeasure has to be taken to prevent possible damages to the lower side frame by slipping snow (e.g. attach supporting parts to the lowest modules.). Any damage caused by snow or such countermeasure is not covered under warranty.
BOLTING: Utilizing 5/16” or 8 mm steel hardware structure through the existing .35” (9 mm) diameter mounting holes in the module frame and then through KDxxxGX-LPxseries module mounting holes on the support structure. Tighten the screws with adequate torque (usually 132 in-lb). Support structure should have enough strength to keep the mounting span. Refer to the Module Drawings for the position of PV module mounting holes.
7. MODULE WIRING
KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules come pre-wired with terminals ready for most building attachments or free standing installations. Each module has two #12 AWG type PV-wire stranded sunlight resistant output cables each terminated with Multi-Contact®locking connectors. The positive (+) terminal has a male connector while the negative (-) terminal has a female connector. The module
wiring is solely for series connections only, i.e. male (+) to female (-) interconnections. Series and parallel connections shall be made by use of two #10-14 AWG type PV-wire stranded sunlight resistant and insulated for 90℃ minimum output cables with male and female Multi-Contact®locking connectors.
NOTE: When making connections with Multi-Contact connectors, make sure the array is disabled. DO NOT MAKE CONNECTIONS WHILE UNDER LOAD. Module output connections are marked “Do not disconnect under load”.
NOTE: MAXIMUM SYSTEM VOLTAGE 600 VDC.
KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules and most PV system components have a maximum system voltage rating of 600 volts DC. Some grid feed in systems operate at or near this voltage rating. Like other polycrystalline the PV modules, the open circuit voltage of the KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules increases as the ambient temperature decreases. Maximum system voltage is computed as the sum of the open-circuit voltage of the series-connected PV modules for the lowest expected ambient temperature. Refer to the National Electrical Code Article 690-7(a) for determining the maximum number of KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules that can be placed in series. Temperature coefficients, specific to the module of use, can be used to provide the most accurate prediction of module voltage under temperature extremes.
NOTE: Install the maximum number of series connection for the KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules so that the system voltage is less than 600 V.
NOTE: Do not connect the modules in parallel without maximum over current protection.
NOTE: The minimum diameter that the cable can be bent for the KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules is 1.93” (49mm). NOTE: In normal conditions, PV modules may produce larger current and / or voltage than reported in the standard test conditions. Therefore, when voltage evaluations for components, capacity of conductors, size of fuses, and size of control systems connected to the module output are determined, multiply the values of short- circuit current (Isc) and open-circuit voltage (Voc) that are marked in KDxxxGX-LPxseries modules by the coefficient, 1.25. NOTE: Refer to Section 690-8 of the National Electrical Code for an additional multiplying factor of 125 percent (80 percent derating) which may be applicable.
8. GROUNDING
Before installation, contact the local code authorities to determine the necessary grounding requirements. When installing in US market, attach all PV module frames to an earth ground in accordance with the National Electrical Code (NEC) Article 250. Proper grounding is achieved by connecting PV module frames and all metallic structural members contiguously to one another using a suitable grounding conductor. The grounding conductor shall be of copper, copper alloy or another material suitable for use as an electrical conductor per NEC. The grounding conductor must then make a connection to earth using a suitable earth grounding electrode. Ensure positive electrical contact through the anodizing on the module frame extrusion by utilizing one of the following methods. Attach the grounding conductor: