MicroNet Technology 5 manual Appendix C- Glossary

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C-Glossary

Appendix C- Glossary

ATA Acronym for “AT Bus Attachment” - a standard interface to IDE hard disks.

Cache cache is a fast-access memory bank that serves as an intermediate storage for data that is read from or written to secondary storage. Typically, high-speed caches are implemented in RAM, though they can also be implemented on disk when speed is not a critical requirement. Caches generally improve the efficiency of read operations due to the principles of “spatial and temporal locality of data”. They can also improve the efficiency of write operations. See also: Write Back Cache, Write Through Cache

Degraded Mode/Status All arrays, with the exception of RAID 0, are designed to handle disk failures. However, there is limit on the number of hard disks that can fail before the array is rendered inoperative. For instance, this limit value is 1 for RAID 1, 3, and 5. In the case of RAID 10 or 50, the upper bound is equal to the number of parity groups. When the number of disk failures occurring in an array are less than or equal to this upper bound, the array is denoted to be in a degraded state. The failure of the disks does not impair reading from or writing to the array. However, it impairs the efficiency of throughput in all RAID types (with the exception of RAID 1) since data requested by read operations may have to be “reconstructed” using parity. In the case of RAID 1 the throughput of read operations is cut in half if a drive fails. Operating in degraded mode is considered an acceptable alternative only for short durations. Generally this duration should span no more time than that required to inform the user of the failures and to replace the failed disks with suitable spares.

Disk Array A Disk Array is a logical disk comprised of multiple physical hard disks. The number of hard disks in an disk array is dictated by the type of the array and the number of spares that may be assigned to it. Furthermore, whether a disk array can be built using part of the space on a disk (as opposed to being forced to use the whole disk) depends upon the implementation. Disk Arrays are typically used to provide data redundancy and/or enhanced I/O performance.

Disk Block Data is stored on disks in blocks that are generally of a predefined size. This size is typically a value such as 512 bytes, 1 KB, 2 KB, etc. When a record is written to a disk, the blocks used for that record are dedicated to storing the data for that record only. In other words two records are not permitted to share a block. Consequently, a block may be only partially used. For instance, assume a disk has a block size of 1 KB and a user record written to it has a size of 3148 bytes. This implies that the user record will be written into 4 blocks, with the contents of one of the blocks being only partially filled with (3148 – 3072) 76 bytes of data.

Driver A piece of software that controls a hardware device. Typically drivers provide an interface by which applications can use the device in a uniform and hardware-independent manner.

RAIDBank5 Owner’s Manual

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Contents Owner’s Guide Welcome From MicroNet Technology WelcomeTable of Contents Table of Contents Two Year Limited Warranty WarrantyTechnical Support Policy Returning Materials Limitations of LiabilitySystem Requirements and Compatibility Features and BenefitsGetting Started Getting StartedInstalling the Fan Module What’s IncludedChoosing a location for your RAIDBank5 Getting Started Communication and Control Hot plug Drive ReplacementFireWire 400 Connect Connecting the RAIDBank5Installing the Included host bus adapter Configuration via RAID Mode Selector SwitchRAID System Management Controls Using the RAID management Application Using the front panel touch-control keypadUnderstanding RAID Understanding RAIDRAID 0 Striping RAID 10 Striped Mirror Direct Mapping RAID Controls- LCD Interface Access ProcedureQuick Volume/RAID Setup RAID Control-LCDDisk Management RAID Function Control System Functions Introduction InstallationRAID Manager Software RAID Manager SoftwareEvent Log Basic ModeConsiderations for RAID Volume Creation Remote Notification Advanced ModeRAID Manager Software RAID Standby and Rebuild Priority FirmwareEncryption Management The RAIDBank5 RAID subsystem RAID Manager Software Host Computer Setup Host Computer SetupVolume Setup on Apple Macintosh Volume Setup on Microsoft Windows 2000/XP/2003 Volume Setup on Microsoft Windows Vista/7/2008 Safe Dismounting How to safely dismount- MacHow to safely dismount- Windows Optimizing Windows Caching AlgorithmDaily Use Tips TroubleshootingTroubleshooting General Use PrecautionsFrequently Asked Questions General FAQMacintosh related FAQ Windows related FAQ Troubleshooting How To Contact MicroNet Technology, Inc Getting HelpAppendix A- Getting Help Appendix B RAID Level Comparison Table RAID Level Comparison TableAppendix C- Glossary GlossaryGlossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Appendix D Product Specifications Product SpecificationsFCC Compliance Statement Federal Communications CommissionRadio Frequency Interference Statement MicroNet Techology Manhattan Place Torrance, CA