MicroNet Technology 5 manual Glossary

C-Glossary

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) a protocol that lets network administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of IP (Internet Protocol) configurations on a computer network. When using the Internet’s set of protocols (TCP/IP), in order for a computer system to communicate to another computer system it needs a unique IP address. Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer system. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and distribute IP addresses from a central point. The purpose of DHCP is to provide the automatic (dynamic) allocation of IP client configurations for a specific time period (called a lease period) and to eliminate the work necessary to administer a large IP network.

eSATA Standardized in 2004, eSATA (e=external) provides a variant of SATA meant for external connectivity. It has revised electrical requirements in addition to incompatible cables and connectors to standard SATA.

Ethernet A local-area network standard that is currently the most prevalent with an estimated 80% of desktops connected using this standard. It was developed jointly by Xerox, DEC and Intel and employs a bus or star topology.

File System A file system is a layer between applications and the disks to which their I/O is directed. File systems serve to hide the details of the physical layout of files on the disk, allowing applications to address files as a contiguous logical area on disk accessible by a name regardless of their physical location on the storage device.

FireWire (IEEE 1394) is a serial bus interface standard for high-speed communications and isochronous real-time data transfer, frequently used by personal computers, as well as in digital audio, digital video, automotive, and aeronautics applications. FireWire can connect up to 63 peripherals in a tree chain topology (as opposed to Parallel SCSI’s electrical bus topology). It is designed to support Plug and play and hot swapping. The copper cable it uses (1394’s most common implementation) can be up to 4.5 metres (15 ft) long. FireWire 400 is the most common computer application of the technology, and is capable of 400Mbit gross bandwidth. FireWire 800 is backwards compatible with FireWire 400, but has a gross bandwidth of 800Mbit/Sec.

Hot Spare One or more disks in a RAID array may fail at any given time. In fact, all RAID types with the exception of RAID 0 provide methods to reconstruct the array in the event of such an occurrence. A commonly used tactic is to earmark a hard disk that is not being used by any RAID array as a backup. In the event a hard disk in a RAID array fails, this backup is automatically mobilized by the RAID controller to step in place of the failed hard disk. The data in the failed hard disk is “reconstructed” and written into the new hard disk. In the case of a RAID 1, data is reconstructed by simply copying the contents of the surviving disk into the spare. In the case of all other RAID types, reconstruction is performed using parity information in the working hard disks of that RAID array. This backup hard disk is known as a “hot” spare since the fail-over process is performed dynamically on a server within the same session i.e., without the necessity for re-booting or powering down.

IDE (Integrated Device Electronics) A hard disk drive interface standard developed by Western Digital. Also known as Parallel ATA.

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