Apple 034-2351_Cvr manual Configuring Bind Using the Command Line, What Is BIND?

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Important: If you think you might want to connect to the Internet in the future, you should register with an Internet registry and use the IP addresses provided by the registry when setting up your private network. Otherwise, when you do connect to the Internet, you’ll need to reconfigure every computer on your network.

If you set up a private TCP/IP network, you can also provide DNS service. By setting up TCP/IP and DNS on your local area network, your users will be able to easily access file, web, mail, and other services on your network.

Hosting Several Internet Services With a Single IP Address

You must have one server supplying all your Internet services (like mail, web). They may all be running on one computer with a single IP address. For example, you may want to have the domain name www.example.com resolve to the same IP address as ftp.example.com, or mail.example.com.

Setting up the DNS records for this service is easy. You’ll still need a full set of DNS records, one for each name you want to resolve.

•Set up MX records for mail, so mail.example.com resolves to your server’s IP address.

•Set up A records for each service your server provides, so web.example.com resolves to your server’s IP address.

•Do the same for each service you provide (ftp.apple.com, or fileshare.apple.com, or whatever).

As your needs grow, you can add other computers to the network to take over these services. Then all you have to do is update the DNS record, and your client’s settings can remain the same.

Configuring BIND Using the Command Line

In order to set up and use DNS service on Mac OS X Server you may wish to configure BIND with the command-line. Configuring BIND requires making changes to UNIX configuration files in the Terminal application. To configure BIND, you must be comfortable with typing UNIX commands and using a UNIX text editor. Only manipulate these settings if you have a thorough understanding of DNS and BIND, preferably as an experienced DNS administrator.

Warning: Incorrect BIND configurations can result in serious network problems.

What Is BIND?

BIND stands for Berkeley Internet Name Domain. BIND runs on UNIX-based operating systems and is distributed as open-source software. BIND is used on the majority of name servers on the Internet today.

Chapter 2 DNS Service

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Contents Mac OS X Server Network Services Administration 034-2351/9-20-03 Contents Glossary Index Using This Guide How to Use This GuideWhat’s Included in This Guide Getting Help for Everyday Management Tasks Setting Up Mac OS X Server for the First TimeGetting Additional Information Before You Set Up Dhcp Service Dhcp ServiceCreating Subnets Using Static IP AddressesAssigning IP Addresses Dynamically Locating the Dhcp ServerUsing Multiple Dhcp Servers on a Network Setting Up Dhcp Service for the First TimeInteracting With Other Dhcp Servers Assigning Reserved IP AddressesStarting and Stopping Dhcp Service Managing Dhcp ServiceCreating Subnets in Dhcp Service Set up logs for Dhcp serviceTo change subnet settings Changing Subnet Settings in Dhcp ServiceSetting the DNS Server for a Dhcp Subnet Deleting Subnets From Dhcp ServiceChanging IP Address Lease Times for a Subnet Setting Wins Options for a Subnet Setting Ldap Options for a SubnetTo set Ldap options for a subnet Disabling Subnets Temporarily Monitoring Dhcp ServiceViewing the Dhcp Status Overview Viewing Dhcp Log Entries Setting the Log Detail Level for Dhcp ServiceViewing the Dhcp Client List Where to Find More Information DNS Service Setting Up DNS Service for the First Time Before You Set Up DNS ServiceSetting Up Multiple Name Servers DNS and BindLearn and plan Set up a mail exchange MX record optional Configure basic DNS settingsConfigure the reverse lookup zone optional Start DNS serviceStarting and Stopping DNS Service Managing DNS ServiceEnabling or Disabling Zone Transfers Enabling or Disabling RecursionAdding a Master Zone Managing ZonesTo add a master zone Adding a Slave ZoneTo add a slave zone Duplicating a Zone Adding a Forward ZoneTo add a forward zone To duplicate a zoneModifying a Zone Managing RecordsDeleting a Zone To modify a zoneTo add a record Adding a Record to a ZoneDeleting a Record From a Zone Modifying a Record in a ZoneTo modify a record To delete a recordViewing DNS Service Activity Viewing DNS Service StatusMonitoring DNS Viewing DNS Log EntriesViewing DNS Usage Statistics Changing DNS Log File LocationTo change the log detail level DNS Spoofing Securing the DNS ServerServer Mining To see DNS usage statisticsDenial-of-Service DoS DNS Service ProfilingTo specify zone transfer IP addresses To alter BIND’s version responseService Piggybacking Setting Up MX Records Common Network Administration Tasks That Use DNS ServiceExample.com To enable MX records Configuring DNS for Mail ServiceEnabling Redundant Mail Servers Edit the MX record of the primary mail serverTo enable backup or redundant mail servers Setting Up Namespace Behind a NAT RouterNetwork Load Distribution aka Round Robin Setting Up a Private TCP/IP NetworkHosting Several Internet Services With a Single IP Address Configuring Bind Using the Command LineWhat Is BIND? Bind on Mac OS X Server Bind Configuration FilePractical Example Zone Data FilesTo set up the sample files Setting Up Sample Configuration FilesConfiguring Clients If you are using Mac OS X Server as your Dhcp Server Using DNS With Dynamically Assigned IP AddressesCheck Your Configuration Request For Comment Documents For more information on DNS and BIND, see the followingPage IP Firewall Service IP Firewall Service Understanding Firewall Filters What is a Filter?IP Address Subnet MaskCidr Rule Mechanism and Precedence Using Address RangesMultiple IP Addresses Start firewall service Setting Up Firewall Service for the First TimeCreate an IP address group that filters will apply to Add filters to the IP filter listStarting and Stopping Firewall Service Managing Firewall ServiceOpening the Firewall for Standard Services Save firewall service changesCreating an Address Group To open the firewall for standard servicesTo create an address group Duplicating an Address Group Editing or Deleting an Address GroupCreating an Advanced IP Filter for TCP ports To edit or delete an address groupTo create an IP filter for TCP ports Creating an Advanced IP Filter for UDP PortsTo create an IP filter for UDP ports NFSTo change the Default setting Changing the Default FilterEditing Advanced IP Filters To edit advanced IP filtersSetting Up Logs for Firewall Service Monitoring Firewall ServiceViewing the Firewall Status Overview Viewing the Firewall LogViewing Packets Logged by Filter Rules Viewing Denied PacketsLog Example To view denied packetsPractical Examples Block Access to Internet UsersBlock Junk Mail To do thisAllow a Customer to Access the Apple File Server To prevent ping denial-of-service attacks Preventing Denial-of-Service DoS AttacksControlling or Enabling Peer-to-Peer Network Usage Controlling or Enabling Network Game Usage Advanced ConfigurationBackground Creating IP Filter Rules Using ipfw PrecautionsCreating IP Filter Rules Reviewing IP Filter RulesDeleting IP Filter Rules Port ReferencePptp VPN UDP port Used for Reference For more information about ipfw Starting and Stopping NAT Service NAT ServiceTo start NAT service Monitoring NAT Service Configuring NAT ServiceTo configure NAT service Viewing the NAT Status OverviewFor more information about natd To view the NAT divert logPage VPN Service VPN and Security Authentication MethodTransport Protocols Point to Point Tunneling Protocol PptpManaging VPN Service Before You Set Up VPN ServiceStarting or Stopping VPN Service Enabling and Configuring L2TP Transport ProtocolTo enable L2TP Enabling and Configuring Pptp Transport ProtocolTo enable Pptp Configuring VPN Network Routing Definitions Configuring Additional Network Settings for VPN ClientsTo configure addition network settings To set routing definitionsSetting the Log Detail Level for VPN Service Monitoring VPN ServiceSetting the VPN Log Archive Interval Viewing a VPN Status OverviewViewing VPN Client Connections Viewing the VPN LogTo view the log To view client connectionsPage How NTP Works NTP ServiceSetting Up NTP Service Using NTP on Your NetworkTo set up NTP service To configure NTP on clients Configuring NTP on ClientsPage IPv6 Support IPv6 Addresses in the Server Admin IPv6 Enabled ServicesIPv6 Addresses NotationIPv6 Addressing Model IPv6 Reserved AddressesIPv6 Address Types Where to Find More Information Glossary GlossaryGlossary Glossary Name server See DNS Domain Name System Search path See search policy UCE unsolicited commercial email See spam Glossary Page Index Dhcp VPN

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