Apple 034-2351_Cvr manual IP Firewall Service

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Services such as Web and FTP are identified on your server by a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port number. When a computer tries to connect to a service, firewall service scans the filter list for a matching port number.

•If the port number is in the filter list, the filter applied is the one that contains the most specific address range.

•If the port number is not in the list, the Default filter that contains the most specific address range is used.

The port filters you create are applied to TCP packets and can also be applied to UDP packets. In addition, you can set up filters for restricting Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), and NetInfo data.

Important: When you start firewall service the first time, most all incoming TCP packets are denied until you change the filters to allow access. By default, only the ports essential to remote administration are available. These include access by Remote Directory Access (625), Server Administration via Server Admin (687), and Secure Shell (22). For any other network service, you must create filters to allow access to your server. If you turn firewall service off, all addresses are allowed access to your server.

If you plan to share data over the Internet, and you don’t have a dedicated router or firewall to protect your data from unauthorized access, you should use firewall service. This service works well for small to medium businesses, schools, and small or home offices.

Large organizations with a firewall can use firewall service to exercise a finer degree of control over their servers. For example, individual workgroups within a large business, or schools within a school system, may want to use firewall service to control access to their own servers.

IP Firewall also provides stateful packet inspection which determines whether an incoming packet is a legitimate response to an outgoing request or part of an ongoing session, allowing packets that would otherwise be denied.

Mac OS X Server uses the application ipfw for firewall service.

Chapter 3 IP Firewall Service

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Contents Mac OS X Server Network Services Administration 034-2351/9-20-03 Contents Glossary Index What’s Included in This Guide How to Use This GuideUsing This Guide Getting Additional Information Setting Up Mac OS X Server for the First TimeGetting Help for Everyday Management Tasks Dhcp Service Before You Set Up Dhcp ServiceUsing Static IP Addresses Creating SubnetsAssigning IP Addresses Dynamically Locating the Dhcp ServerSetting Up Dhcp Service for the First Time Using Multiple Dhcp Servers on a NetworkInteracting With Other Dhcp Servers Assigning Reserved IP AddressesManaging Dhcp Service Starting and Stopping Dhcp ServiceCreating Subnets in Dhcp Service Set up logs for Dhcp serviceChanging Subnet Settings in Dhcp Service To change subnet settingsChanging IP Address Lease Times for a Subnet Deleting Subnets From Dhcp ServiceSetting the DNS Server for a Dhcp Subnet To set Ldap options for a subnet Setting Ldap Options for a SubnetSetting Wins Options for a Subnet Viewing the Dhcp Status Overview Monitoring Dhcp ServiceDisabling Subnets Temporarily Viewing the Dhcp Client List Setting the Log Detail Level for Dhcp ServiceViewing Dhcp Log Entries Where to Find More Information DNS Service Before You Set Up DNS Service Setting Up DNS Service for the First TimeSetting Up Multiple Name Servers DNS and BindLearn and plan Configure basic DNS settings Set up a mail exchange MX record optionalConfigure the reverse lookup zone optional Start DNS serviceManaging DNS Service Starting and Stopping DNS ServiceEnabling or Disabling Zone Transfers Enabling or Disabling RecursionManaging Zones Adding a Master ZoneTo add a slave zone Adding a Slave ZoneTo add a master zone Adding a Forward Zone Duplicating a ZoneTo add a forward zone To duplicate a zoneManaging Records Modifying a ZoneDeleting a Zone To modify a zoneAdding a Record to a Zone To add a recordModifying a Record in a Zone Deleting a Record From a ZoneTo modify a record To delete a recordViewing DNS Service Status Viewing DNS Service ActivityMonitoring DNS Viewing DNS Log EntriesTo change the log detail level Changing DNS Log File LocationViewing DNS Usage Statistics Securing the DNS Server DNS SpoofingServer Mining To see DNS usage statisticsDNS Service Profiling Denial-of-Service DoSTo specify zone transfer IP addresses To alter BIND’s version responseService Piggybacking Example.com Common Network Administration Tasks That Use DNS ServiceSetting Up MX Records Configuring DNS for Mail Service To enable MX recordsEnabling Redundant Mail Servers Edit the MX record of the primary mail serverSetting Up Namespace Behind a NAT Router To enable backup or redundant mail serversSetting Up a Private TCP/IP Network Network Load Distribution aka Round RobinWhat Is BIND? Configuring Bind Using the Command LineHosting Several Internet Services With a Single IP Address Bind Configuration File Bind on Mac OS X ServerPractical Example Zone Data FilesConfiguring Clients Setting Up Sample Configuration FilesTo set up the sample files Check Your Configuration Using DNS With Dynamically Assigned IP AddressesIf you are using Mac OS X Server as your Dhcp Server For more information on DNS and BIND, see the following Request For Comment DocumentsPage IP Firewall Service IP Firewall Service What is a Filter? Understanding Firewall FiltersIP Address Subnet MaskCidr Multiple IP Addresses Using Address RangesRule Mechanism and Precedence Setting Up Firewall Service for the First Time Start firewall serviceCreate an IP address group that filters will apply to Add filters to the IP filter listManaging Firewall Service Starting and Stopping Firewall ServiceOpening the Firewall for Standard Services Save firewall service changesTo create an address group To open the firewall for standard servicesCreating an Address Group Editing or Deleting an Address Group Duplicating an Address GroupCreating an Advanced IP Filter for TCP ports To edit or delete an address groupCreating an Advanced IP Filter for UDP Ports To create an IP filter for TCP portsNFS To create an IP filter for UDP portsChanging the Default Filter To change the Default settingEditing Advanced IP Filters To edit advanced IP filtersMonitoring Firewall Service Setting Up Logs for Firewall ServiceViewing the Firewall Status Overview Viewing the Firewall LogViewing Denied Packets Viewing Packets Logged by Filter RulesLog Example To view denied packetsBlock Access to Internet Users Practical ExamplesBlock Junk Mail To do thisAllow a Customer to Access the Apple File Server Controlling or Enabling Peer-to-Peer Network Usage Preventing Denial-of-Service DoS AttacksTo prevent ping denial-of-service attacks Background Advanced ConfigurationControlling or Enabling Network Game Usage Precautions Creating IP Filter Rules Using ipfwReviewing IP Filter Rules Creating IP Filter RulesPort Reference Deleting IP Filter RulesPptp VPN UDP port Used for Reference For more information about ipfw To start NAT service NAT ServiceStarting and Stopping NAT Service Configuring NAT Service Monitoring NAT ServiceTo configure NAT service Viewing the NAT Status OverviewTo view the NAT divert log For more information about natdPage VPN Service Authentication Method VPN and SecurityTransport Protocols Point to Point Tunneling Protocol PptpBefore You Set Up VPN Service Managing VPN ServiceStarting or Stopping VPN Service Enabling and Configuring L2TP Transport ProtocolTo enable Pptp Enabling and Configuring Pptp Transport ProtocolTo enable L2TP Configuring Additional Network Settings for VPN Clients Configuring VPN Network Routing DefinitionsTo configure addition network settings To set routing definitionsMonitoring VPN Service Setting the Log Detail Level for VPN ServiceSetting the VPN Log Archive Interval Viewing a VPN Status OverviewViewing the VPN Log Viewing VPN Client ConnectionsTo view the log To view client connectionsPage NTP Service How NTP WorksTo set up NTP service Using NTP on Your NetworkSetting Up NTP Service Configuring NTP on Clients To configure NTP on clientsPage IPv6 Support IPv6 Enabled Services IPv6 Addresses in the Server AdminIPv6 Addresses NotationIPv6 Address Types IPv6 Reserved AddressesIPv6 Addressing Model Where to Find More Information Glossary GlossaryGlossary Glossary Name server See DNS Domain Name System Search path See search policy UCE unsolicited commercial email See spam Glossary Page Index Dhcp VPN

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