NTP Service

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Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a network protocol used to synchronize the clocks of computers on your network to a time reference clock. NTP is used to ensure that all the computers on a network are reporting the same time.

If an isolated network, or even a single computer, is running on wrong time, services that use time and date stamps (like mail service, or web service with timed cookies) will send wrong time and date stamps and be out of synchronization with other computers across the Internet. For example, an email message could arrive minutes or years before it was sent (according to the time stamp), and a reply to that message could come before the original was sent.

How NTP Works

NTP uses Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) as its reference time. UTC is based on an atomic resonance, and clocks that run according to UTC are often called “atomic clocks.”

Internet-wide, authoritative NTP servers (called Stratum 1 servers) keep track of the current UTC time. Other subordinate servers (called Stratum 2 and 3 servers) query the Stratum 1 servers on a regular basis and estimate the time taken across the network to send and receive the query. They then factor this estimate with the query result to set the Stratum 2 or 3 servers own time. The estimates are accurate to the nanosecond.

Your local network can then query the Stratum 3 servers for the time. Then it repeats the process. An NTP client computer on your network then takes the UTC time reference and converts it, through its own time zone setting to local time, and sets its internal clock accordingly.

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Apple 034-2351_Cvr manual NTP Service, How NTP Works

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