B-2 Reference Guide

About IP addressing

Every networking protocol uses some form of addressing in order to ensure that packets are delivered correctly. In IP, individual network devices that are initial sources and final destinations of packets are usually called hosts, instead of nodes, but the two terms are inter- changeable. Each host on an IP network must have a unique IP address. An IP address, also called an Internet address, is a 32-bit number usually expressed as four decimal numbers separated by periods. Each decimal number in an IP address represents a 1-byte (8-bit) binary number. Thus, values for each of the four numbers range from 00000000 to 11111111 in binary notation, or from 0 to 255 in decimal notation. The expression 192.9.200.3 is a typical example of an IP address.

IP addresses indicate both the identity of the network and the identity of the individual host on the network. The number of bits used for the network number and the number of bits used for the host number can vary, as long as certain rules are followed. The local network manager assigns IP host numbers to individual machines.

IP addresses are maintained and assigned by the InterNIC, a quasi-governmental organization now increasingly under the auspices of private industry.

Note: It’s very common for an organization to obtain an IP address from a third party, usually an Internet service provider (ISP). ISPs usually issue an IP address when they are contracted to provide Internet access services.

The InterNIC (the NIC stands for Network Information Center) divides IP addresses into several classes. Classes A, B, and C are assigned to organizations who request addresses. In Class A networks, the first byte of an IP address is reserved for the network portion of the address. Class B networks reserve the first two bytes of an IP address for the network address. Class C networks reserve the first three bytes of an IP address for the network address. In all cases, a network manager can decide to use subnetting to assign even more bits to the network portion of the IP address, but never less than the class requires. The following section gives more information on subnetting.

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Netopia PN Series manual About IP addressing
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PN Series specifications

Netopia PN Series is a line of high-performance, user-friendly networking devices designed to meet the demands of modern digital environments. These devices are engineered for seamless connectivity, robust security, and high-speed data transmission, making them an ideal choice for both residential and commercial applications.

One of the standout features of the Netopia PN Series is its support for dual-band Wi-Fi technology. By operating on both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies, these devices provide users with enhanced flexibility and connectivity options. The dual-band capability reduces interference and congestion, enabling devices to connect more reliably and providing faster speeds for data-intensive activities like streaming, gaming, and video conferencing.

The PN Series also comes equipped with advanced security protocols to protect users' data and networks. With support for WPA3 encryption and built-in firewalls, the devices ensure a secure connection, safeguarding against unauthorized access and various cyber threats. Additionally, the Netopia PN Series supports guest networks, allowing visitors to connect without compromising the integrity of the primary network.

In terms of technology, the PN Series utilizes advanced mesh networking capabilities, allowing multiple devices to work together to create a unified and expansive Wi-Fi coverage area. This technology significantly reduces dead zones and enhances overall performance, making it an excellent choice for larger homes and commercial spaces where traditional routers may struggle to provide adequate coverage.

Moreover, the Netopia PN Series features intelligent bandwidth management, which allocates network resources efficiently based on user needs and device demands. This dynamic allocation maximizes connectivity performance and enhances the user experience, ensuring smooth operation even under heavy network loads.

The devices come with a user-friendly interface that allows for easy setup and management. Users can quickly configure settings through a mobile app or web portal, making it accessible for individuals with varying levels of technical expertise. Furthermore, the PN Series supports software updates and feature enhancements, ensuring that the devices remain up-to-date with the latest advancements in networking technology.

In conclusion, the Netopia PN Series stands out for its combination of dual-band capabilities, advanced security, mesh networking technologies, and user-friendly management. These characteristics make it an excellent choice for anyone looking to enhance their connectivity experience in today’s digital age. Whether for home use or business solutions, the Netopia PN Series provides reliable and robust networking performance.
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