ISO sensitivity

Concepts in Photography

The exposure of an image is determined by the sensitivity of the camera to light. This sensitivity is measured by a set of international film standards, known as ISO standards. On digital cameras, this sensitivity rating is used to indicate the light sensitivity of the digital sensor that captures the image.

ISO sensitivity doubles as the ISO number doubles. For example, an ISO 200 setting is capable of capturing images at twice the speed of an ISO 100 setting. However, higher ISO settings can result in “noise“—small specks, spots, and other phenomena in a photo that give the shot a noisy or dirty appearance. As a general rule, it is best to use a low ISO setting to prevent noise in your photos, unless you are shooting in darkened environments or at night.

Because a low ISO setting means the camera will be less sensitive to light, you need more light to have an optimal exposure. When using a low ISO setting, open the aperture more or reduce the shutter speed to allow more light to enter the camera. For example, on a sunny day when light is abundant, a low ISO setting does not require a slow shutter speed. However, in a dark place or at night, a low ISO setting will result in a blurry photo. To compensate for the lower light level, you should increase the ISO setting by a moderate amount.

A photo captured with a tripod and a high	A blurred photo captured by a camera.
ISO setting.

A photo captured with a low ISO setting.	The same shot captured with a high ISO
The photo is clear.	setting. The photo is grainy.

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