All Air from Outdoors

Outdoor fresh air can be provided to a confined area either directly or by the use of vertical and horizontal ducts. The fresh air can be taken from the outdoors or from crawl or attic spaces that freely communicate with the outdoors. Attic or crawl spaces cannot be closed and must be properly ventilated to the outside.

Ductwork must be of the same cross-sectional area as the free area of the opening to which they connect. The minimum dimension of rectangular air ducts cannot be less than three inches.

The size of each of the two openings is determined by the method in which the air is to be provided. Refer to Table 3 to calculate the minimum free area for each opening. Figures 6, 7, and 8 are typical examples of each method.

Louvers and Grilles

In calculating free area for ventilation and combustion air supply openings, consideration must be given to the blocking effect of protection louvers, grilles, and screens. These devices can reduce airflow, which in turn may require larger openings to achieve the required minimum free area. Screens must not be smaller than 1/4” mesh. If the free area through a particular design of louver or grille is known, it should be used in calculating the specified free area of the opening. If the design and free area are not known, it can be assumed that most wood louvers will allow 20 - 25% of free area while metal louvers and grilles will allow 60 - 75% of free area.

Louvers and grilles must be locked open or interconnected with the equipment so that they are opened automatically during equipment operation.

Keep louvers and grilles clean and free of debris or other obstructions.

Table 3

Minimum Free Area of Permanent Openings for Ventilation and Combustion Air Supply - All Air from Outdoors Only.

Based on the total BTUH input rating for all gas utilizing equipment within the confined space.

Opening

Minimum Free Area

Reference

Per Opening

Source

(sq. in.)

Drawing

Direct to

1 Square inch per 4000

Figure 6

outdoors

BTUH

 

Vertical ducts

1 Square inch per 4000

Figure 7

 

BTUH

 

Horizontal ducts

1 Square inch per 2000

Figure 8

 

BTUH

 

Example: A water heater with an input rate of 50,000 BTUH using horizontal ducts would require each opening to have a minimum free area of 25 square inches.

Minimum free area = 50,000 BTUH x 1 sq. in. / 2000 BTUH = 25 Sq. Inches.

*These openings connect directly with the outdoors through a ventilated attic, a ventilated crawl space, or through an outside wall.

Consult the local codes of your area for specific ventilation and combustion air requirements.

 

Gable vent

 

to outdoors

 

Install above

 

insulation

Confined

Outlet

Space

air to attic

 

1 Sq. inch per

 

4000 BTUH

Alternate

Inlet air

from the

Air Inlet

crawl

 

space

1 sq. inch per

Open

4000 BTUH

Foundation

 

Vent

Figure 6

All Air from Outdoors; Inlet Air from Ventilated

Crawl Space/Outlet Air to Ventilated Attic

 

Gable vent

 

to outdoors

 

Install above

 

insulation

Confined

Outlet air

to attic

Space

1 Sq. inch per

 

4000 BTUH

 

Inlet air duct

 

1 sq. inch per

 

4000 BTUH

Figure 7

12” maximum

All Air from Outdoors

 

Through Ventilated Attic

 

 

1 sq. inch

 

per

 

2000 BTUH

Confined

Outlet

Space

 

 

Outdoor

 

Air Ducts

 

Inlet

Figure 8

1 sq. Inch

All Air from Outdoors

per

Using Horizontal Ducts

2000 BTUH

9

Page 9
Image 9
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