ZyXEL Communications A-6000 manual Arp, Chap

A-6000 High Speed, Long Range Ethernet Wireless Bridge

	Chapter 5 Glossary of Terms
10BaseT	The 10-Mbps baseband Ethernet specification that uses two pairs of
	twisted-pair cabling (Category 3 or 5): one pair for transmitting data and the
	other for receiving data.
ARP	Address Resolution Protocol is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol
	address (IP address) to a physical machine address that is recognized in the
	local network.
Authenticity	Proof that the information came from the person or location that reportedly sent
	it. One example of authenticating software is through digital signatures.
Back Door	A deliberately planned security breach in a program. Back doors allow special
	access to a computer or program. Sometimes back doors can be exploited and
	allow a cracker unauthorized access to data.
Backbone	A high-speed line or series of connections that forms a major pathway within a
	network.
BackOrifice	BackOrifice is a remote administration tool which allows a user to control a
	computer across a TCP/IP connection using a simple console or GUI
	application. BackOrifice is a potentially disastrous Trojan horse since it can
	provide the user unlimited access to a system.
Bandwidth	This is the capacity on a link usually measured in bits-per-second (bps).
Bit	(Binary Digit) -- A single digit number in base-2, in other words, either a 1 or a
	zero. The smallest unit of computerized data.
Brute Force	A technique used to find passwords or encryption keys. Force Hacking involves
Hacking	trying every possible combination of letters, numbers, etc. until the code is
	broken.
Byte	A set of bits that represent a single character. There are 8 bits in a Byte.
Camping Out	Staying in a "safe" place once a hacker has broken into a system. The term
	can be used with a physical location, electronic reference, or an entry point for
	future attacks.
Channel	A specific frequency and bandwidth combination. In the present context, it
	means TV channels for television services and downstream data for cable
	modems.
CHAP	Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol is an alternative protocol that
	avoids sending passwords over the wire by using a challenge/response
	technique.
Cipher Text	Text that has been scrambled or encrypted so that it cannot be read without
	deciphering it. See Encryption
Client	A software program that is used to contact and obtain data from a Server
	software program on another computer. Each Client program is designed to
	work with one or more specific kinds of Server programs, and each Server
	requires a specific kind of Client. A Web Browser is a specific kind of Client.
Cookie	A string of characters saved by a web browser on the user's hard disk. Many
	web pages send cookies to track specific user information. Cookies can be used
	to retain information as the user browses a web site. For example, cookies are
	used to 'remember' the items a shopper may have in a shopping cart.
Countermeasure	Techniques, programs, or other tools that can protect your computer against
s	threats.
Cracker	Another term for hackers. Generally, the term cracker refers specifically to a
	person who maliciously attempts to break encryption, software locks, or network
	security.
Cracker Tools	Programs used to break into computers. Cracker tools are widely
	distributed on the Internet. They include password crackers, Trojans, viruses,
	war-dialers, and worms.
Cracking	The act of breaking into computers or cracking encryptions.

CLI commands 5-1