Maxtor 80-160GB manual Glossary

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Glossary

A

ACCESS – (v) Read, write, or update information on some storage medium, such as a disk. (n) One of these operations.

ACCESS TIME – The interval between the time a request for data is made by the system and the time the data is available from the drive. Access time includes the actual seek time, rotational latency, and command processing overhead time. See also seek, rotational latency, and overhead.

ACTUATOR – Also known as the positioner. The internal mechanism that moves the read/write head to the proper track. The Maxtor actuator consists of a rotary voice coil and the head mounting arms. One end of each head mounting arm attaches to the rotor with the read/write heads attached at the opposite end of each arm. As current is applied to the rotor, it rotates, positioning the heads over the desired cylinder on the media.

ALLOCATION – The process of assigning particular areas of the disk to particular files. See also allocation unit.

ALLOCATION UNIT – An allocation unit, also known as a cluster, is a group of sectors on the disk that can be reserved for the use of a particular file.

AVERAGE SEEK TIME – The average time it takes for the read/write head to move to a specific location. To compute the average seek time, you divide the time it takes to complete a large number of random seeks all over the disk by the number of seeks performed.

B

BACKUP – A copy of a file, directory, or volume on a separate storage device from the original, for the purpose of retrieval in case the original is accidentally erased, damaged, or destroyed.

BAD BLOCK – A block (usually the size of a sector) that cannot reliably hold data because of a media flaw or damaged format markings.

BAD TRACK TABLE – A label affixed to the casing of a hard disk drive that tells which tracks are flawed and cannot hold data. The listing is typed into the low-level formatting program when the drive is being installed. Because Maxtor disk drive’s defect-management scheme handles all such flaws automatically, there is no need to concern yourself with bad track tables.

BIT – Abbreviation for binary digit. A binary digit may have one of two values—1 or 0. This contrasts with a decimal digit, which may have a value from 0 to 9. A bit is one of the logic 1or logic 0 binary settings that make up a byte of data. See also byte.

BLOCK – A sector or group of sectors.

BPI – Abbreviation for bits per inch. A measure of how densely information is packed on a storage medium. Flux changes per inch is also a term commonly used in describing storage density on a magnetic surface.

BUFFER – An area of RAM reserved for temporary storage of data that is waiting to be sent to a device that is not yet ready to receive it. The data is usually on its way to or from the disk drive or some other peripheral device.

BUS – The part of a chip, circuit board, or interface designed to send and receive data.

BYTE – The basic unit of computer memory, large enough to hold one character of alphanumeric data. Comprised of eight bits. See also bit.

C

CACHE Random-access memory used as a buffer between the CPU and a hard disk. Information more likely to be read or changed is placed in the cache, where it can be accessed more quickly to speed up general data flow.

CAPACITY – The amount of information that can be stored on a disk drive. The data is stored in bytes, and capacity is usually expressed in megabytes.

CDB – Command Descriptor Block. The SCSI structure used to communicate requests from an initiator (system) to a target (drive).

CLEAN ROOM – An environmentally controlled dust-free assembly or repair facility in which hard disk drives are assembled or can be opened for internal servicing.

CLUSTER – A group of sectors on a disk drive that is addressed as one logical unit by the operating system.

CONTROLLER – Short form of disk controller. The chip or complete circuit that translates computer data and commands.

CONTROLLER CARD – An adapter holding the control electronics for one or more hard disks, usually installed in a slot in the computer.

CPU – Acronym for Central Processing Unit. The microprocessor chip that performs the bulk of data processing in a computer.

Maxtor DiamondMax 17 80-160GB AT Hard Disk Drive

G-1

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Contents ATA Patents RevisionsUL/CSA/VDE/TUV/WEEE/RoHS Corporate Headquarters Before You BeginTable Of Contents Service and Support List of Figures List of Tables Manual Organization AudienceATA Terminology and ConventionsReferences Introduction Product Overview General DescriptionKEY Features Regulatory Compliance Standards Hardware Requirements Space Requirements InstallationUnpacking Instructions 220 Pack Shipping Container Hardware Options ATA Interface Connector1AT Jumper Options Cable Select CS Jumper CLJ Jumper Out ATA Bus Adapter2.1 40-Pin ATA Bus Connector DC Power J1, Section a ATA BUS Interface Connector J1, Section CExternal Drive Activity LED ATA Bus Interface Connector J1, Section COrientation Mounting7Mounting Screw Clearance Ventilation ClearanceFor Systems with AN ATA Adapter Board Adapter Board InstallationConnecting the Adapter Board and the Drive Operating System Limitations Techniques in Drive Configuration8.4-Gigabytes Barrier Max LBA Capacity System Startup and OperationModel Interface Model 6G080L0 6G160P0 Drive ConfigurationModel Number and Capacity Value Physical DimensionsModel Voltage Tolerance Power Requirements 80GB & 160GBMode Power Current Voltage ToleranceEPA Energy Star Compliance Power Mode DefinitionsNon-Operating/Storage ParameterParameter Operating Non-Operating Reliability SpecificationsShock and Vibration Canadian Emissions Statement Safety Regulatory ComplianceProduct Specifications Electrical Interface Signal Cable and ConnectorIntroduction Mechanical InterfaceCommand Command Code Feature Register Command InterfaceGeneral Feature Set Supported Commands2fh 3fh Word Content Description Identify Drive Command51-52 Obsolete Total number of user addressable sectors Minimum PIO transfer cycle time with Iordy flow control Minor version number See Address Offset Reserved Area Boot, Incits TR272001 = release interrupt enabled General Purpose Logging feature set supported Word Stream Access Latency DMA Security status ATA Bus Interface and ATA Commands Getting Help Service and SupportService and Support Glossary Glossary Glossary Glossary Positioner See actuator Glossary