NorthStar Navigation EXPLORER 657 operation manual Satellites

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6-2-4 Deleting a route

1In the routes window, press or to highlight the route to delete. Press and select Delete.

2Select Yes to confirm.

6-2-5 Deleting all routes

1In the routes window, press and select Delete all.

2Select Yes to confirm.

6-2-6 Navigating a route

See section 3-1-3.

7 Satellites

GPS worldwide navigation

Differential beacon DGPS

The US Government operates the GPS system. Twenty-four satellites orbit the earth and broadcast position and time signals. The positions of these satellites are constantly changing. The GPS receiver analyses the signals from the closest satellites and calculates exactly where it is on earth. This is called the GPS position.

The accuracy of the GPS position is typically better than 10 m (33 ft) for 95% of the time. A GPS antenna can receive signals from the GPS satellites when it is almost anywhere on earth.

DGPS

A DGPS system uses correction signals to remove some of the errors in the GPS position. The 657 can use one of two types of DGPS system:

WAAS and EGNOS DGPS

WAAS and EGNOS are two satellite based DGPS systems. The correction signals are broadcast by satellites and are received by the 657’s standard GPS antenna. The accuracy of the corrected GPS position is typically better than 5 m (15 ft) for 95% of the time.

WAAS covers all of the USA and most of Canada. EGNOS will cover most of Western Europe when it becomes operational.

Differential beacons are land based radio transmitters that broadcast correction signals that can be received by a special receiver on the boat. Differential beacons are usually only installed near ports and important waterways, and each beacon has a limited range. The accuracy of the corrected GPS position is typically better than 2 to 5 m (6 to 16 ft).

GPS receiver

Northstar GPS units have a sensitive 12-channel receiver, which tracks signals from all GPS satellites visible above the horizon and uses measurements from all satellites more than 5° above the horizon to calculate the position.

Each time a GPS receiver is turned on, it normally takes about 50 seconds before it outputs the first position. Under some circumstances it will take up to two minutes or longer.

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Northstar Explorer 657 Installation and Operation Manual

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Contents Explorer Could result in minor or moderate injury Possible injury or deathCould result in death or serious injury DamagePage Contents Tides window User card window 15 AIS Installation Northstar petrol/gasoline sensors Installation Other Nmea instrumentsIntroduction Plug-in cards Cleaning and maintenanceOverview 657 can use two kinds of plug-in cardTurn the display unit off see -2 and put the dust cover on Changing the plug-in cardRemoving the display unit Replacing the display unitBasic Operation Using the keysUsing the menus Overview of the keysTurning on and off / auto power Turning on manually Turning off manuallyTo cancel MOB or set another MOB Backlight and night modeNight mode Man overboard MOBAlarms Simulate mode657 has user settable alarms see section Main windows Page Multi window displays Adding a favorite display to the list Favorite displaysSelecting a favorite display Deleting a favorite display from the listCompass Setting the data header for a displayData header Displays can show data at the top, called the data headerIntroduction to navigating Navigation ChartGoing to a waypoint or to a point on the chart Navigating to a pointPreparing Starting a route from the chart windowCancelling a route Starting a route from the routes windowTypical chart window shows Chart windowTo go to the Chart window, press then select Chart Land Sea Cursor see section Typical waypoint see sectionChart symbols and information Chart modesChart scale Latitude and longitudeDistance and bearing calculator Finding a chart symbolPerspective view Projected courseTime intervals Interval Track Track 2, 3, 4 or Navigation Highway windowTracks and tracking Interval Track Track 2, 3, 4 orNavigation Waypoints Waypoints windowCreating a new waypoint Displaying a waypoint on the chartManaging waypoints Moving a waypointChanging a waypoint’s data Navigation RoutesDeleting all waypoints Sort WaypointsManaging routes Creating a new route from the chart windowRoutes window Creating a new routeEditing a route Displaying a route on the chartEditing a route from the chart Creating a new route from the routes windowSatellites Satellite window UsingSonar fishfinding Introduction Satellite window showsInterpreting the display Strength of echoesWater Bottom typesFrequency and cone width DepthShadows When to use 50 kHzWhen to use 200 kHz Example of shadowsWhen to use Mixed When to use 50/200 kHzKHz display 200/50 Khz display Mixed display Minute ago Seconds ago NowFish detection and display Where to find fish Fish symbolsFish arches Auto Range657 has two range modes Zoom range and offsetGain window Changing modeGain and threshold This display is called the gain windowSonar fishfinding Displays Sonar history display no splitScreen. Press to return to the most recent echo Extended history modeSonar Zoom and Full Screen Zoom displays History position barSonar Bottom display Sonar 50/200 displayFish recognition Setting gain and thresholdSonar A-Scope display Bottom typeSelecting a Gauges layout Gauges windowData window Changing a gauge layoutFuel window Fuel functions and displayWhat the fuel computer does Fuel window showsWhen you add or remove fuel Low fuel alarm When you remove fuelBoat speed sensors Water speed and ground speed Speed Log Economy RangeSpeed Log Economy Start running the boat in a straight line Fuel consumption curvesMaking a curve Press twice, then select FuelDeleting a curve Using a curveRenaming a curve Selecting a curveSetup engines CalibrationTo the reading of the fuel dispenser’s gauge Then press Choosing the date of the tide chart Tides windowTides window shows data for the chosen date User card window User card window hasSaving data to the user card Sorting the file names 15 AISDeleting a file from the user card Rereading the file informationViewing AIS Vessels Vessels Safety msgs rxAIS Windows Displaying Full AIS Details16 DSC/Buddy track windows Displays Distress PollCreating a waypoint Using the displays Displaying a boat on the chartBoat positions Deleting a boatSetting up Setup option menus SmartCraftTime see Favorites see 17-14 Simulate see Factory reset Setup SystemAuto power off LanguageRotation Setup ChartSetting map datum PaletteApplying a map shift Nmea datum offsetMap shift Map shiftLat/lon grid Frequency Setup SonarPulse power Digit sizeGPS Source Setup GPSSetup Fuel Dgps SourceSource Setup enginesSetup tanks Num enginesTime Setup TrackDistance RecordReset total dist Setup AIS Show Dangerous OnlySetup Logs Reset engine hoursArrival radius Anchor alarm Setup AlarmsSymbol Alarm Alarm sounds when it is onSetup Comms Setup UnitsTemperature FuelSpeed Setup CalibrateTemperature filter Speed filterKeel Offset Setup TimeSetup Favorites Speed rangeSimulate InstallationSetup Simulate ModeOptional sensors and instruments Installation What comes withInstallation Options and Accessories GPS or Dgps antenna For GPS navigation see sectionConnections Power/data cablePin Wire Function Display unit 18-3 Black Yellow BlueBracket Mounting Installation The display unitFlush Mounting There are two mounting arrangementsBlack Power/data cable Red Yellow Fuse 2A Installation Power/data cableBasic power Auto powerInstallation GPS antenna Selecting an antenna Installing an antennaDgps Source Installation Sonar transducer Installation Northstar petrol/gasoline sensorsBlue Sonar cable Either Installation SmartCraft Installation Other NavBus instrumentsNavBus Installation Northstar VHF radio Installation Other Nmea instrumentsIf the display unit is bracket mounted, adjust Installation Setup and testEnter setup data to set up the 657 to your Tilt and rotation for best viewing and handAppendix a Specifications List of datums Adindan AfgooyeSouth American Appendix B Troubleshooting General problemsGPS navigation problems Fuel consumption problemsErratic Fuel Flow readings Sonar fishfinding problemsTwin engine installation shows only one flow rate There is no reading for fuel economyBottom is not displayed Bottom is displayed too far up the screenThere is a double bottom trace displayed Appendix C Glossary and navigation data GlossaryNavigation data TBMFT!COUNBSJOFDPN