Omega Engineering OS533E manual Metals, Appendix Emissivity Values

Page 72

Appendix: Emissivity Values

B

METALS

Table B-1 provides guidelines for estimating the emissivity of various common materials. Actual emissivity, especially of metals, can vary greatly depending upon surface finish, oxidation, or the presence of contaminants. Also, emissivity or infrared radiation for some materials varies with wavelength and temperature. To determine the exact emissivities for most applications, follow the procedures in Appendix C.

Table B-1. Emissivity Table

Material

Emissivity (ε)

Aluminum – pure highly polished plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.04 to 0.06 Aluminum – heavily oxidized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 to 0.31 Aluminum – commercial sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.09 Brass – dull plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.22 Brass – highly polished, 73.2% Cu, 26.7% Zn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03 Chromium – polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.08 to 0.36 Copper – polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 Copper – heated at 600°C (1110°F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.57 Gold – pure, highly polished or liquid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.02 to 0.04 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – polished iron . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.14 to 0.38 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – polished cast iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.21 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – polished wrought iron . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – oxidized dull wrought iron . . . . . . . . 0.94 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – rusted iron plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.69 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – polished steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.07

Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – polished steel oxidized at

600°C (1110°F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.79 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – rolled sheet steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.66 Iron and steel (excluding stainless) – rough steel plate . . . . . . . . . 0.94 to 0.97 Lead – gray and oxidized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.28 Mercury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.09 to 0.12 Molybdenum filament . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.10 to 0.20 Nickel – polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.07 Nickel – oxidized at 649 to1254°C (1200°F to 2290°F) . . . . . . . 0.59 to 0.86 Platinum – pure polished plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 to 0.10 Platinum – wire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.07 to 0.18 Silver – pure and polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.02 to 0.03 Stainless steel – polished . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.07 Stainless steel – Type 301 at 232 to 941°C (450°F to 1725°F) . . . 0.54 to 0.63 Tin – bright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.06 Tungsten – filament . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.39 Zinc – polished commercial pure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 Zinc – galvanized sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.23

B-1

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Contents User’sGuide Servicing North America Unpacking Instructions Accessories Page Unpacking Instructions Chapter General Description Chapter Maintenance General Description Introduction OS530LE OS530HRE OS530LE-CF OS533E-CF OS534E-CF Features OS523E OS524E Parts of the Thermometer Front of the Thermometer LCDKey General Description General Description Ac Power Operation Installing the BatteriesOperating the Thermometer Field of View PositionsField of View OS534E, OS523E-1 Field of View OS53xE-CF Field of View OS523E-3 Measurement Techniques 11 Recorder Hookup Real Time Mode Active Operation 12. General Operational Block DiagramReal Time Modes 13. Visual Function Flow Chart Adjusting Emissivity Using the Lock FunctionUsing the Trigger Function Using the Distance Function Must be hard, flat, and reflective to ultrasonic pulseDS = 17. Field of View of Distance Meter HH-DM Calculating Temperature Values Laser Sighting StatusChanging the Temperature from F to C or vice Versa Turning on the Display BacklightingThermocouple Input OS532E, OS533E, OS534E Using the Alarm Functions To set the low alarm value OS533E, OS534E, OS523E, OS524E Use the Ambient Target Temperature Compensation Atcf PC User Application, OS530 Series Operation19. Main Menu Settings Menus 10. Settings Menu21. Typical Temperature Data File PC Interface Commands AsciiString Description Storing Temperature Data on Command OS534E, OS523E, OS524E Logging Temperature Data in Real Time OS523E, OS524E,OS534E Erasing the Temperature Data from Memory Recall Mode Passive Operation ModeRecall Modes Reviewing the Last Parameters Laser Sighting Description Right Side ViewTwo Laser Configurations Operating the Laser SightingLines of Sight of the Laser Sighting and Thermometer Installing and Operating the Sighting Scope Sighting ScopeInstalling the Sighting Scope Safety Warning Maintenance Replacing the BatteriesCleaning the Lens Calibrating the ThermometerServicing the Laser Sighting Troubleshooting Guide Problem SolutionTroubleshooting Guide Problem Troubleshooting Guide Specifications are for all models except where noted SpecificationsGND With Built-in Distance Module Laser Sighting Distance Measuring Built-in-DM Specifications Glossary of Key Strokes Glossary of Key Strokes Thermal Radiation Appendix How Infrared Thermometry Works aBlackbody Calculating Temperature Optics Field of View Metals Appendix Emissivity ValuesNonmetals Appendix Determining an Unknown Emissivity Figure C-1. Determining Emissivity Figure C-2. Determining Emissivity with a Drilled Hole Appendix Determining an Unknown Emissivity Index Field of View Diagrams Recall WARRANTY/DISCLAIMER Temperature PH/CONDUCTIVITY
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