ZyXEL Communications 2000W manual Subnet Masks, Subnetting, Allowed IP Address Range By Class

Page 110

Prestige 2000W_V2 User’s Guide

Since the first octet of a class “A” IP address must contain a “0”, the first octet of a class “A” address can have a value of 0 to 127.

Similarly the first octet of a class “B” must begin with “10”, therefore the first octet of a class “B” address has a valid range of 128 to 191. The first octet of a class “C” address begins with “110”, and therefore has a range of 192 to 223.

Table 31 Allowed IP Address Range By Class

	CLASS	ALLOWED RANGE OF FIRST OCTET	ALLOWED RANGE OF FIRST OCTET
	CLASS	(BINARY)	(DECIMAL)
		(BINARY)	(DECIMAL)

	Class A	00000000 to 01111111	0 to 127

	Class B	10000000 to 10111111	128 to 191

	Class C	11000000 to 11011111	192 to 223

	Class D	11100000 to 11101111	224 to 239

Subnet Masks

A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). A subnet mask has 32 is a “1” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the subnet mask is “0” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host ID.

Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just as IP addresses are. The “natural” masks for class A, B and C IP addresses are as follows.

Table 32 “Natural” Masks

CLASS

A

B

C

NATURAL MASK

255.0.0.0

255.255.0.0

255.255.255.0

Subnetting

With subnetting, the class arrangement of an IP address is ignored. For example, a class C address no longer has to have 24 bits of network number and 8 bits of host ID. With subnetting, some of the host ID bits are converted into network number bits. By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones beginning from the left most bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of zeros, for a total number of 32 bits.

110	Appendix B IP Subnetting

Image 110

Contents Prestige 2000WV2 Page Trademarks CopyrightDisclaimer Prestige 2000WV2 User’s GuideFederal Communications Commission FCC Interference Statement CertificationsSafety Warnings Safety WarningsZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL Limited WarrantyCustomer Support Customer SupportUnited Kingdom Table of Contents Chapter Network Settings Chapter Information Menus Appendix a Product Specifications 107 Appendix B Appendix C Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Table of Contents List of Figures List of FiguresPeer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network 119 List of Tables List of TablesEight Subnets Related Documentation PrefaceAbout Your Prestige Syntax ConventionsUser Guide Feedback Graphics Icons KeyFeatures Getting To Know Your PrestigeApplications Place a Call via SIP Proxy Server SIP Call ServerAd-Hoc Wireless Intercom Direct IP to IP CallingGetting to Know the Prestige Hardware Prestige Hardware DescriptionsPrestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Getting To Know Your Prestige LCD Main Screen Using the LCD Screen MenusUsing the LCD Screen Menus Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide LCD Main Screen Navigating the LCD Screen MenusText Input Press the OK key when you are done Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Using the LCD Screen Menus Site Survey Wireless LAN Setup MenusWireless LAN Setup Menus Select Site SurveySsid Network ModeSelect Wireless in the first menu screen use the up or down Arrow to highlight it and then press the Left keySelect Network Mode ChannelRate WEP EncryptionAuthentication Type Select Key SelectWEP for encryption, not for authentication ProfilesCreate Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Wireless LAN Setup Menus Fixed IP Network SettingsNetwork Settings Select IP AddressDhcp Select Subnet MaskPPPoE Select PPPoE Name Select PPPoE PwdRegistrar Server SIP SettingsSIP Settings Select Registrar Select Registrar IPSelect Outbound Proxy Outbound Proxy ServerSelect Expiry Time Proxy Server Select Proxy ServerUser Account Select User Account Select Phone NumberSelect User Pwd Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide SIP Settings Adding a Phonebook Entry PhonebookCalling Methods PhonebookEditing Phonebook Entries Select Add EntryErasing Phonebook Entries Speed Dial Phonebook Entries Select Speed DialCall History Call HistoryMissed Calls Received Calls Dialed Calls Erasing CallsSelect Erase Calls Miscellaneous Settings Miscellaneous SettingsSetting the Ring Melody Select Ringer Volume Setting the Vibration ModeAdjusting the Ring Volume Select Edit Time Setting the TimeSetting the Date Select Edit DateSelect Settings in the first menu screen Setting the BannerSetting the Key Lock Press the Left key to save your settingSetting the Don’t Disturb Select Don’t DisturbPrestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Miscellaneous Settings Select MAC Address Information MenusDisplaying Information Information Menus11Select Firmware Ver Prestige Usage Using the Phonebook to Dial a Telephone NumberUsing Speed Dial to Dial a Telephone Number Dialing a Telephone NumberRejecting a Call Changing the VolumeAnswering a Call Login Using the Web Configurator ScreensIntroduction to the Web Configurator Using the Web Configurator ScreensNavigating the Prestige Web Configurator Login ScreenNAT Trvsl Web Configurator User Screens SummarySIP Phone BookTOS/DS Web Configurator Administrator Screens SummaryPhone Device Information User Web Configurator ScreensUser Web Configurator Screens IP Address AssignmentIP Address and Subnet Mask MAC AddressNetwork Configuration Static DNS ServerApply Network Configuration DhcpCancel Dhcp Network Configuration PPPoE PPPoE Network ConfigurationSIP Identities VoIP Introduction12.9.1 SIP PPPoESIP Call Progression SIP Call ProgressionSIP Client Server InviteSIP Proxy Server SIP Configuration 12.9.1.4 RTP12.11 NAT SIP ProxyNAT Example NAT TypesFull Cone NAT Full Cone Restricted Cone Port Restricted SymmetricRestricted Cone NAT Full Cone NAT ExamplePort Restricted Cone NAT Symmetric NATFake WAN Address on SIP and RTP NAT and SIPSIP ALG Outbound Proxy NAT Traversal ConfigurationStun NAT Traversal Configuration ALGCalling Methods Phone Book ConfigurationPhone Book StunPhonebook DeleteWEP Encryption Wireless IntroductionWireless Settings Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide PhonebookSsid WEPSubmit 12.19 S/W UpdateSystem W Update Zip files before you can upload themAdministrator Web Configurator Screens Administrator Web Configurator ScreensSIP Proxy Configuration Type the SIP proxy server settingsSIP Configuration SIP URI13.3.1 G.711 Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide IP ConfigurationVoice Coding 13.3.2 G.729 Pstn Call Setup SignalingPhone Setting 100 Administrator Web Configurator Screens Quality of Service Administrator Web Configurator Screens 101Introduction to DiffServ 102 Administrator Web Configurator Screens13.8 ToS Problems Using the Keypad TroubleshootingProblems Starting Up the Prestige 104 Troubleshooting Problems Accessing the PrestigeTroubleshooting Accessing the Prestige Error Message Troubleshooting Error Message TroubleshootingRestoring the Factory Default Settings Troubleshooting 105Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide 106 Troubleshooting Appendix a Product Specifications 107 Specification TablesHardware Specifications MICHTTP, TFTP, TCP, UDP, DNS, ARP, Icmp Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide Firmware Features108 Appendix a Product Specifications EssidClasses of IP Addresses IP AddressingIP Classes Appendix B IP Subnetting 109Allowed IP Address Range By Class Subnet MasksSubnetting Natural MasksTwo Subnets Example Example Two SubnetsAlternative Subnet Mask Notation Appendix B IP Subnetting 111Subnet 112 Appendix B IP SubnettingExample Four Subnets Appendix B IP Subnetting 113Class C Subnet Planning Example Eight SubnetsEight Subnets 114 Appendix B IP SubnettingAppendix B IP Subnetting 115 Subnetting With Class a and Class B NetworksClass B Subnet Planning Prestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide 116 Appendix B IP Subnetting Traditional Dial-up Scenario PPPoE in ActionBenefits of PPPoE Appendix C PPPoE 117How PPPoE Works Prestige as a PPPoE ClientAppendix D Wireless LANs 119 Wireless LAN TopologiesAd-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration Basic Service Set 120 Appendix D Wireless LANsAppendix D Wireless LANs 121 Infrastructure WlanPrestige 2000WV2 User’s Guide 122 Appendix D Wireless LANs Index 123 IndexNumerics Dtmf124 Index 711 22, 98 729 22, 99Index 125 126 Index SIP ALGIndex 127 Wlan

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