Duracell manual Ni-MH Rechargeable Batteries, Able of Contents

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Ni-MH Rechargeable Batteries

Tableof Contents

1Introduction

2General Characteristics

3Composition and Chemistry

3.1Active Components: Positive and Negative Electrodes

3.2Electrolyte

3.3Cell Reactions

4Battery Construction

4.1Basic Cell Construction

4.2Cylindrical Cell Construction

4.3Prismatic Cell Construction

5 Performance Characteristics
5.1	General Characteristics		5.5	Constant Power Discharge Characteristics
5.2	Discharge Characteristics: Effect of Discharge Rate		5.6	Polarity Reversal During Overdischarge
	and Temperature		5.7	Internal Impedance
5.3	Capacity: Effect of Discharge Rate		5.8	Self-Discharge and Charge Retention
	and Temperature		5.9	Voltage Depression (“Memory Effect”)
5.4	Energy Density

6 Charging Sealed Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries
6.1	General Principles		6.3	Charging Methods
6.2 Techniques for Charge Control				6.3.1	Duracell’s Recommendation:
	6.2.1	Timed Charge			Three-Step Charge Procedure
	6.2.2	Voltage Drop (-ΔV)		6.3.2	Low-Rate Charge
	6.2.3	Voltage Plateau (zero ΔV)		6.3.3	Quick Charge
	6.2.4	Temperature Cutoff		6.3.4	Fast Charge
	6.2.5	Delta Temperature Cutoff (ΔTCO)		6.3.5	Trickle Charge
	6.2.6	Rate of Temperature Increase (dT/dt)	6.4	Thermal Devices

7Cycle and Battery Life

7.1Cycle Life

7.2Battery Life

8Safety Considerations

9Proper Use and Handling

9.1Care and Handling

9.2Transportation

9.3Waste Management: Recycling and Disposal

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Contents Ni-MH Rechargeable Batteries Able of ContentsNi-MH Rechargeable Batteries 1 Introduction Electrolyte Active Components Positive and Negative ElectrodesCell Reactions Composition and Chemistry Cylindrical Cell Construction Basic Cell ConstructionPrismatic Cell Construction Battery ConstructionGeneral Characteristics Performance CharacteristicsCapacity Effect of Discharge Rate and Temperature Pe rformance CharacteristicsEnergy Density Perf ormance Char acteristics Constant Power Discharge CharacteristicsPolarity Reversal During Overdischarge Internal Impedance Performance Ch aracteristicsSelf-Discharge and Charge Retention Voltage Depression Memory Effect Performance Cha racteristicsGeneral Principles Charging Sealed Nickel-Metal Hydride BatteriesTechniques for Charge Control Charging Sealed Nickel-Metal Hydride Batt eriesCharging Sealed Nickel-Metal Hydride Batt eries co nt Temperature CutoffTimed Charge Voltage Plateau Zero ΔVRate of Temperature Increase dT/dt Delta Temperature Cutoff ΔtcoCharging Methods Low-Rate Charge ≈12 hours Duracell’s Recommendation Three-Step Charge ProcedureQuick Charge ≈4 hours Fast Charge ≈1 hourTrickle Charge Thermal DevicesCycle Life Cycle and Battery LifeRecommended Permissible Battery LifeSafety Considerations Test Test Conditions Test Results Care and Handling Transportation Proper Use and Handling