900 Series HP 3000 Computer Systems
Hewlett-PackardCompany 3000 Hanover Street
Palo Alto, CA 94304 U.S.A
Printing History
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Preface
Organization of this Man ual
Conventions
Conventions (continued)
Contents
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Figures
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Tables
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OVERVIEW
Introduction to the HP
MPE Operating Systems
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900 Series Migration
Object Code Translator
Native Mode Compilers
HP C/iX
COBOL II/XL
HP Pascal/iX
MPE/iX Features
MPE/iX Information Management
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MPE/iX Transaction Management F acility
DEBUG
MPE/iX User Interface
MPE/iX System Performance
Native Mode System Components
Terminal Keyboard Layouts
Giving Commands to MPE/iX
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Location of a parameter in the list is signican t
Each parameter is separated b y a comma (,)
For example:
The characteristics of a k eyword parameter list are:
Location of a parameter in the list is not signican t
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A User-DenedCommand (UDC) le is a text le that con tains one or more command
NOBREAK , which disables the BREAK k ey for UDC execution
A parameter without a default v alue is required to execute the UDC
Break Mode
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Echo On/Off
Accounting Structure Ov erview
Amount of CPU time
Elapsed connect time
Disc space used
User
Figure 1-7shows an example of sev eral users on an accoun t
Group
Following is an example of a logon to the group PR OJ1:
File Specifications
lename/lockword
Session and Batch Modes
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Converting Data Files from MPE V/E to MPE/iX
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Data Communications
Local Area Network (LAN)
Remote File Access
Calling standard MPE/iX File System in trinsics
Remote Terminal Access
Remote Data Base Access
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Utilities and Tools
Programmatic Access to the Command Interpreter
Concatenating Strings and String Substitution
purges les ACCT1, ACCT2, . . . , ACCT9
Expression Evaluation
Using Job Control Words (JCWs)
JCW commands and in trinsics
denes a variable named X as a JCW with value 99. The statemen t:
and the initial value remains unchanged
JCWs with reserv ed-wordprexes and numeric values are:
Help Facility
Toolset/XL
Useful Tools
Report Generation Tools
Three modules are in tegrated with the HP Visor in terface
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Editor
SORT-MERGE/XL
DISCFREE
FCOPY/XL
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Program Development
Writing a Program
Compiling a Program
Compiler Output
Compiler Operation
A relocatable object module on MPE/iX corresponds to a relocatable binary
module (RBM) on MPE V/E, with the follo wing exceptions:
A relocatable object module can con tain zero, one, or sev eral procedures
Compiled code (mac hine instructions) for all procedures in the source le
Information on data v ariables to be used
External references (resources required to run the program)
:CCXL
:COB85XL
:FTNXL
:PASXL
Linking a Program
Resolve references among the relocatable object modules
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Loading and Running a Program
Using Executable Libraries
:RUN prog; XL = " xlib1[,xlib2][,xlib3]
Searching Executable Libraries
The following guidelines apply to searc hing executable libraries (XLs):
Run-timelibraries can appear only once in the :RUN command
System Libraries
Processes using the same object module share code, global data, and binding
Cannot use UNSAT procedures
Mixing Execution Modes
Virtual Memory and Demand Paging
LMAP: Load MAP
File name and type of le (program or library)
Load-timeBinding Sequence
Running a Program
Multi-programmingEnvironment
Error Detection
Run-timeErrors
What is the cause or source
What is the mechanism of the abort
What information is pro vided to help trace and correct the problem
What are typical abort situations
Typical Causes of Program Aborts
File Information Display (Tombstone)
Actual physical and operational le c haracteristics
Information on the last error for the le and the last HPFOPEN or FOPEN error
Control Codes (JCWs)
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User-definedJCWs
Available to each process in the same session or job
Have names dierent from JCW or CIERROR
Using a User-definedJCW
The following job shows an example of using a user-denedJCW
HP Link Editor/XL
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Common Uses of HP Link Editor/XL
Linking a Relocatable Object File
Comparison of HP Link Editor/XL and MPE V/E Segmenter
How HP Link Editor/XL Works
Files Used by HP Link Editor/XL
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HP Link Editor/XL Commands
Using an Indirect File
Starting and Ending HP Link Editor/XL
Creating an Executable Program File
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Comparison of Executable and Relocatable Libraries
Using a Relocatable Library
Using an Executable Library
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Optimizing a Program
Optimizer Levels
Use of MPE/iX Optimizer with Languages
Optimizer Assumptions
Coding for Performance and Optimization
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Instructions Required for Operations on Simple Data Types
These examples assume the follo wing characteristics are true:
Unoptimized code
Well aligned operands
No range or overow checking
Reduce Procedure Calls
Expand Small Procedures In-line
Extract Procedure Calls from Loops
Avoid Non-nativeAlignment
Figure 5-8sho ws an example of a voiding non-native alignment
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File System
Records and Files in the File System
The File System
, and
access
Use of device characteristics
:FILE command
Disc File Storage
File Directory Structure
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When you specify a le domain using HPFOPEN , you should open only disc
les with the domain option set to NEW. Device les can be opened with the
domain option set to NEW (to maintain compatibility with MPE V/E), but a
warning is returned in the status parameter
Any le can be deleted when closed. This is the default for a NEW le
Delete the previous cop y of the le before the run
Rename the existing le b y using FRENAME
For examples of changing domains, refer to Accessing Files Programmer's Guide
Refer to it from a command or program
Transfer it during I/O
File Designators
The two types of MPE/iX le designators are: Formal le designator
Actual le designator
filename [/lockword][.groupname][.accountname]
HPFOPEN option (Item #38), the le privilege option , when used to set a
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System Files
System-denedles are:
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Input/Output Sets
Passed Files
Searching File Directories
Finding Files
You can use the the follo wing commands to see le and le equation lists:
:LISTEQ command for curren t le equations
Types of Operations Allowed on Files
les) are PERMANENT les. To maintain compatibility with MPE V/E, device
les can be opened with the domain option set to NEW, but a warning is
returned in the status parameter
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Using Files at Run Time
Hierarchy of File Overrides
Record Structure
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Specifying a Record Size
File Structure
File Codes
Creating a File
Specify the le with the :FILE command
Deleting Files
Renaming Files
Saving Temporary Files
newlereference
Listing File Characteristics
File names and structure of permanen t disc les
Number of records in the le
Number of extents
Maximum number of extents Records per block
Record Selection and Data Transfer
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Data Transfer Control Operations
FSPACE , provides spacing. It mo ves the record poin ter backward or forward
FPOINT , provides pointing. It resets the record poin ter
FCONTROL , provides rewinding. It resets the record poin ter to record
Reading from a File
Other specialized read in trinsics are READX and FREADLABEL
Writing to a File
FWRITEDIR writes a specic logical record from a program to a disc le
Updating a File
Using Mapped Access to a File
Standard disc les with v ariable-lengthrecord formats
KSAM les (with COPY mode enabled)
The following le types cannot be opened for mapped access:
Relative I/O (RIO) les
Sharing a File
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Maintaining File Security
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The default securit y at account, group, and le lev els are as follo ws:
Account level
Group level
File level
At the group level, the MPE/iX Securit y System recognizes six access modes:
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3.Listing ACDs
4.Copying ACDs
5.Modifying ACDs
6.Deleting ACDs
7.Migrating A CDs
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Data Management
Data Management Subsystems
KSAM/V
The KSAMUTIL command BUILD requires the follo wing parameters: Data le name
Key le name
One or more key types, with corresponding k ey location, and k ey size
FCOPY (KSAM Options)
Load a KSAM le by copying data from an MPE/iX or a KSAM le in to a KSAM le
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ALLBASE/SQL
HP SQL
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Concurrency
Recovery
Database Creation
Database Restructuring
HP SQL provides dynamic restructuring for the following cases:
Expanding table capacities
Altering securit y designations
Adding columns
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TurboIMAGE/XL Data Base
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TurboIMAGE/XL and QUERY/V
PARM=3 if both DBSTEXT and DBSLIST have been equated to actual le designators
DBUTIL
Create a database
Purge a database
Erase a data set
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Access data
Information and status
Logging
1.Run DBUNLOAD , specifying the old database
2.Use the DBUTIL command PURGE to purge the old database
QUERY/V
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TurboIMAGE DBchange/V
DICTDBA
DICTDBU
DICTDBL
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Index