A-12Appendix

PPP

Point-to-Point Protocol - A Data Link layer protocol that provides asynchronous and synchronous connectivity between computer/network nodes. It defines how packets of information are exchanged between computers or network nodes connect via a point-to-point connection (as opposed to multipoint or broadcast). Includes standardization for security and compression negotiation.

PVC

Permanent Virtual Circuit - Dedicated connection between end stations. The PVC is made up of 2 parts: the VPI and the VCI. In a PVC number of 0,32, 0 represents the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and 32 represents the Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI).

RFC 1483

Protocol that encapsulates ATM cells into logical data link frames.

RFC

Request for Comment - A series of documents used to exchange information and standards about the Internet.

RIP

Routing Information Protocol - A protocol used for the transmission of IP routing information.

RJ-11

Atelephone-industry standard connector type, usually containing four pins.

RJ-45

A telephone-industry standard connector type, usually containing eight pins.

Routing

A network layer function that determines the path for transmitting packets through a network from source to destination.

Router

A device that supports network communications. A router can connect identical network types, However—unless a gateway is available—a common protocol, such as TCP/IP, must be used over both networks. Routers may be equipped to provide WAN line support to the LAN devices they serve. They may also provide various management and monitoring functions as well as a variety of configuration capabilities.

Routing table

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IBM Heritage user manual Rfc, RJ-11, RJ-45, Router, Routing table

Heritage specifications

IBM, or International Business Machines Corporation, is a global leader in technology and consulting, with a heritage that spans over a century. Established in 1911, IBM initially emerged from a merger of four companies, and it has since evolved into one of the most influential players in the tech industry.

One of the main features of IBM’s legacy is its commitment to innovation. The company has a long history of technological breakthroughs, including the development of the first programmable computer, the IBM 701, in the early 1950s. IBM has also been at the forefront of many pivotal technologies, including mainframe computers, which became central to large-scale enterprise computing. The System/360, introduced in 1964, revolutionized the industry by offering a compatible range of computers that could run the same software, a concept that helped define the standardization of computer systems.

IBM’s contributions to artificial intelligence, particularly through its Watson platform, are another hallmark of its heritage. Watson gained international fame for its success on the quiz show Jeopardy! in 2011, showcasing advanced natural language processing capabilities and machine learning techniques. This technology has since found applications in various fields, from healthcare to finance, significantly transforming data analysis.

Another key characteristic of IBM is its focus on research and development. With an impressive portfolio of patents, IBM consistently ranks among the top patent holders annually. Their research endeavors have led to significant advancements in quantum computing, with initiatives like the IBM Quantum Experience making quantum technologies accessible to developers and researchers.

Sustainability is also a priority for IBM, with programs aimed at promoting environmental responsibility. The company has committed to achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, reflecting the growing importance of sustainability in technology practices.

In summary, IBM's heritage is characterized by a strong legacy of innovation, technological leadership, and a commitment to addressing contemporary challenges in business and society. From pioneering mainframe systems to leading the charge in AI and quantum computing, IBM continues to shape the future of technology while maintaining a visionary outlook towards a sustainable and inclusive digital world.