you’ve centered the object in the eyepiece, you can switch to higher magnification (shorter focal length eyepiece), if you wish. This is especially recommended for small and bright objects like planets and double stars. The Moon also takes higher magnifications well.
Deep sky objects, however, typically look better at medium or low magnifications. This is because many of them are quite faint, yet have some extent (apparent width). Deep sky objects will often disappear at higher magnifications, since greater magnification inherently yields dimmer images. This is not the case for all deep sky objects, however. Many galax- ies are quite small, yet are somewhat bright, so higher power may show more detail.
The best rule of thumb with eyepiece selection is to start with a low power, wide field, and then work your way up in magnifi- cation. If the object looks better, try an even higher magnifica- tion. If the object looks worse, then back off the magnification a little by using a lower power eyepiece.
Astronomical Objects
Now that you are all setup and ready to go, one critical deci- sion must be made: what to look at?
A. The Moon
With is rocky and cratered surface, the Moon is one of the most interesting and easy subjects to view with your tele- scope. The best time to view it is during its partial phases when shadows fall on the craters and canyon walls to give them definition. While the full moon may look like a tempting target, it is not optimal for viewing! The light is too bright and surface definition is low.
Even at partial phases the Moon is very bright. Use of an optional Moon filter helps to dim the glare. It simply threads onto the bottom of the eyepiece. You’ll find the Moon filter improves viewing comfort, and helps bring out the subtle fea- tures of the lunar surface.
B. The Sun
You can change your nighttime telescope into a daytime Sun viewer by installing an optional solar filter over the front open- ing of the telescope. The primary attraction is sunspots, which change shape, appearance, and location daily. Sunspots are directly related to magnetic activity in the Sun. Many observ- ers like to make drawings of sunspots to monitor how the Sun is changing from day to day.
Important Note: Do not look at the Sun with any optical instrument without a professionally made solar filter, or permanent eye damage could result. Also, be sure to cover the finder scope, or better yet, remove it altogether.
C. The Planets
The planets don’t stay put like the stars, so to find them you should refer to Sky Calendar at our website OrionTelescopes. com, or use the IntelliScope Object Locator. Venus, Mars,
Jupiter, and Saturn are the brightest objects in the sky after the Sun and the Moon. Your XTg is capable of showing you these planets in some detail. Other planets may be visible but will likely appear star-like. Because planets are quite small in apparent size, optional higher power eyepieces are recom- mended and often needed for detailed observations. Not all the planets are generally visible at any one time.
Jupiter: The largest planet, Jupiter, is a great subject for observation. You can see the disk of the giant planet and watch the ever-changing positions of its four largest moons: Io, Callisto, Europa, and Ganymede. Higher power eyepieces should bring out the cloud bands on the planet’s disk.
Saturn: The ringed planet is a breathtaking sight. The tilt angle of the rings varies over a period of many years; some- times they are seen edge-on, while at other times they are broadside and look like giant “ears” on each side of Saturn’s disk. A steady atmosphere (good seeing) is necessary for a good view. Look closely and you may see the Cassini division, a thin, dark gap in the rings. You should also see one or more of Saturn’s moons, which look like faint stars. The brightest is the moon Titan.
Venus: At its brightest, Venus is the most luminous object in the sky, excluding the Sun and the Moon. It is so bright that sometimes it is visible to the naked eye during full daylight! Ironically, Venus appears as a thin crescent, not a full disk, when at its peak brightness. Because it is so close to the Sun, it never wanders too far from the morning or evening horizon. No surface markings can be seen on Venus, which is always shrouded in dense clouds.
Mars: The Red Planet makes a close approach to Earth every two years. Observing Mars is most favorable at these times. You should see a salmon-colored disk with some distinct dark patches, and you may be able to spot a whitish polar ice cap. To see surface detail on Mars, you will need a high power eyepiece and very steady air!
D. The Stars
Stars will appear as tiny points of light. Even powerful tele- scopes cannot magnify stars to appear as anything more than pinpoints. You can, however, enjoy the different colors of the stars and locate many pretty double and multiple stars. The famous “Double-Double” in the constellation Lyra and the gor- geous two-color double star Albireo in Cygnus are favorites. Defocusing a star slightly can help bring out its color.
E. Deep Sky Objects
Under dark skies, you can observe a wealth of fascinating deep sky objects; that is, objects that reside outside of our solar system. These include gaseous nebulas, open and glob- ular star clusters, and a variety of different types of galaxies.
The large aperture of the XTg is particularly well suited to gathering light, which is critical for observing these usually faint celestial entities. For deep sky observing it is important
