Begreber inden for fotografering

ISO-følsomhed

Eksponeringen af et billede bestemmes af kameraets følsomhed. Denne følsomhed er baseret på internationale filmstandarder og betegnes som ISO-standarder. I digitale kameraer anvendes denne følsomhedsspecifikation til at repræsentere følsomheden af den digitale mekanisme, der tager billedet.

ISO-følsomheden fordobles, når værdien fordobles. For eksempel vil en indstilling på ISO 200 være i stand til at tage billeder med den dobbelte hastighed af en indstilling på ISO 100. En højere ISO-værdi kan dog resultere i "støj" – små prikker, pletter og andre fænomener på et billede, der giver billedet et beskidt eller forstyrret udseende. Som generel regel er det bedst at bruge en lav ISO-værdi for at undgå støj på billederne, medmindre du tager billeder i mørke omgivelser eller om natten.

Ændringer i kvalitet og lysstyrke i henhold til ISO-følsomheden

Da en lav ISO-følsomhed betyder, at kameraet bliver mindre lysfølsomt, skal du bruge mere lys for at skabe en optimal eksponering. Hvis du bruger en lav ISO-følsomhed, skal du åbne blænderen mere eller reducere lukkerhastigheden, så der kan komme mere lys ind i kameraet. På en solskinsdag med masser af lys kræver en lav ISO-følsomhed eksempelvis ikke en langsom lukkerhastighed. På et mørkt sted eller om natten vil en lav ISO-følsomhed dog resultere i et sløret billede. Det anbefales derfor at øge ISO-følsomheden en smule.

Et billede, der er taget med et kamerastativ Et sløret billede med en lav ISO-følsomhed og høj ISO-følsomhed

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