Maxtor 4320 manual Gigabyte GB

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FILE ALLOCATION TABLE (FAT)

Allocatesspaceonthediskforfiles,oneclusteratatime;locksoutunusableclusters; identifiesunused(free)area;andlistsafile’slocation.WithtwoFAT’spresent,the secondcopyensuresconsistencyandprotectsagainstlossofdataifoneofthesectorson thefirstFATisdamaged.

FLUX CHANGES PER INCH

Synonymouswithfrpi(fluxreversalsperinch).OnlyinMFMrecordingdoes1fci equal1bpi(bitperinch).Inrun-length-limitedencodingschemes,generally1fci equals1.5bpi.

FORMAT

Inadiskdrive,thearrangementofdataonastoragemedia.Astandard5.25-inchdisk formatconsistsof17,26,or36sectorspertrack,and512bytesofdatapersector,plus identification,errorcorrection,andotherbytesnecessaryforaccessingand synchronizingdata.

FORMATTED CAPACITY

Theactualcapacityavailabletostoredatainamassstoragedevice.Theformatted capacityisthegrosscapacity,lessthecapacitytakenupbytheoverheaddatausedin formattingthesectors.

FREQUENCY MODULATION

Arecordingcode.Afluxreversalatthebeginningofacelltimerepresentsclockbit;a “1”bitisafluxreversalatthecenterofthecelltime,anda“0”bitisanabsenceofa fluxreversal.

FREQUENCY RESPONSE

Ameasureofhoweffectivelyacircuitordevicetransmitsthedifferentfrequencies appliedtoit.Indiskandtapedrivesthisreferstotheread/writechannel.Indisk drives,itcanalsorefertothedynamicmechanicalcharacteristicsofapositioning system.

G

GIGABYTE (GB)

Onebillionbytes(onethousandmegabytes)or109.

H

HARD ERROR

Anerrorthatisnotabletobeovercomebyrepeatedreadingsandrepositioningmeans.

HARD SECTORED

Atechniquewhereadigitalsignalindicatesthebeginningofasectoronatrack.Thisis contrastedtosoftsectoring,wherethecontrollerdeterminesthebeginningofasector bythereadingofformatinformationfromthedisk.

HEAD

Theelectromagneticdevicethatwrite(records),reads(playsback),anderasesdataona magneticmedia.Itcontainsareadcore(s)and/orawritecore(s)and/orerasecore(s) whichis/areusedtoproduceorreceivemagneticflux.Sometimesthetermisall inclusivetomeanthecarriageassemblywhichincludesthesliderandflexure.

HEAD CRASH

Theinadvertenttouchingofadiskbyaheadflyingoverthedisk(maydestroya portionofthemediaand/orthehead).

HEAD DISK ASSEMBLY (HDA)

Themechanicalportionofarigid,fixeddiskdrive.Itusuallyincludesdisks,heads, spindlemotor,andactuator.

HEAD LOADING ZONE

Thenon-dataareaonthedisksetasideforthecontrolledtakeoffandlandingofthe Winchesterheadswhenthedriveisturnedonandoff.Dedicatedannulusoneachdisk surfaceinwhichheadsareloaded,unloaded,orflyingheightisestablished.Head-disk contactmayoccurinsomeinstances;nodataisrecordedinthisarea.

HEAD POSITIONER

Alsoknownasactuator,amechanismthatmovesthearmsthatcarryread/writeheads tothecylinderbeingaccessed.

I

INDEX

Similartoadirectory,butusedtoestablishaphysicaltologicalcrossreference.Usedto updatethephysicaldiskaddress(tracksandsectors)offilesandtoexpediteaccesses.

GLOSSARY

INSIDE DIAMETER

Thesmallestradialpositionusedfortherecordingandplaybackoffluxreversalsona magneticdisksurface.

INITIALIZATION

Applyinginputpatternsorinstructionstoadevicesothatalloperationalparametersare ataknownvalue.

INPUT

Dataenteringthecomputertobeprocessed;alsousercommands.

INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O)

Theprocessofenteringdataintoorremovingdatafromacomputersystemora peripheraldevice.

INTELLIGENT PERIPHERAL

Aperipheraldevicethatcontainsaprocessorormicroprocessortoenableittointerpret andexecutecommands.

INTERFACE

Thedatatransmitters,datareceivers,logic,andwiringthatlinkonepieceofcomputer equipmenttoanother,suchasadiskdrivetoacontrolleroracontrollertoasystem bus.

INTERFACE STANDARD

Theinterfacespecificationsagreedtobyvariousmanufacturerstopromoteindustry- wideinterchangeabilityofproductssuchasadiskdrive.Interfacestandardsgenerally reduceproductcosts,allowsbuyerstopurchasefrommorethanonesource,andallow fastermarketacceptanceofnewproducts.

INTERLEAVE

Anorderingofphysicalsectorstobeskippedbetweenlogicalsectorsonyourhard disk.

I/O PROCESSOR

Intelligentprocessororcontrollerthathandlestheinput/outputoperationsofa computer.

INTERRUPT

Asignal,usuallyfromasubsystemtoacentralprocessingunit,tosignifythatan operationhasbeencompletedorcannotbecompleted.

J

JUMPER

Asmallpieceofplasticthatslidesoverpairsofpinsthatprotrudefromthecircuitboard ontheharddrivetomakeanelectricalconnectionandactivateaspecificoption.

K

KILOBYTE (KB)

Aunitofmeasureofapproximately1,000bytes.(However,becausecomputer memoryispartitionedintosizesthatareapoweroftwo,akilobyteisreally1,024 bytes.)

L

LANDING ZONE OR LZONE

ThecylindernumbertowhereParkHeadsmovetheread/writeheads.

LATE BIT

Abitthatisinthelatehalfofthedatawindow.

LATE WINDOW

Adatawindowthathasbeenshiftedinalatedirectiontofacilitatedatarecovery.

LATENCY

Adelayencounteredinacomputerwhenwaitingforaspecificresponse.Inadisk drivethereisbothseeklatencyandrotationallatency.Thetimerequiredforthe addressedsectortoarriveundertheheadaftertheheadispositionedoverthecorrect track.Itisaresultofthedisk’srotationalspeedandmustbeconsideredindetermining thediskdrive’stotalaccesstime.

LOGIC

Electroniccircuitrythatswitchesonandoff(“1”and“0”)toperformfunctions.

GL – 3

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Contents HA RD Drive Produc T MA Nual DiamondMax Revisions Manual No U T I O N Before You BeginContents Handling and Installation Product SpecificationsHost Software Interface AT Interface DescriptionService and Support Interface CommandsGlossary Figures Abbreviations IntroductionMaxtor Corporation Manual OrganizationNumbering Signal ConventionsConventions Key WordsProduct Description DiamondMax 4320 Key FeaturesFunctional / Interface Product FeaturesSoftware ECC Correction On-the-Fly Hardware Error Correction Code ECCLogical Block Addressing Defect Management Zone DMZAutomatic Write Reallocation AWR Read-Ahead ModeCache Management Buffer SegmentationMajor HDA Components Dual Drive Support Subsystem ConfigurationJumper Location/Configuration Cylinder LimitationModels and Capacities Product SpecificationsDrive Configuration Performance SpecificationsParameter Standard Metric Physical DimensionsEnvironmental Limits Power Requirements AveragePower Mode Definitions EPA Energy Star ComplianceShock and Vibration Reliability SpecificationsRadiated Electromagnetic Field Emissions EMC Compliance Safety Regulatory ComplianceCanadian Emissions Statement Important Notice Handling and InstallationHard Drive Handling Precautions Pre-formatted DriveMulti-pack Shipping Container Unpacking and InspectionRecommended Mounting Configuration Physical InstallationRepacking Before You Begin General Requirements Mounting Drive in System Attaching Interface Power Cables System Setup Hard Drive Preparation System Hangs During Boot PIN Interface ConnectorAT Interface Description Pin Description SummaryPin Description Table PIN Name Signal Name Signal DescriptionPIO Timing Timing Parameters ModeDMA Timing Ultra DMA Timing Mode MIN MAXSustained Ultra DMA Data In Burst Device Terminating an Ultra DMA Data In Burst Initiating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst Device Pausing an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst Device Terminating an Ultra DMA Data Out Burst Task File Registers Error RegisterFeatures Register Host Software InterfaceDevice/Head Register Sector Count RegisterSector Number Register Cylinder Number RegistersCommand Register Timer Value TIME-OUT Period Command Name Command Code Parameters UsedSummary Digital Input Register Control Diagnostic RegistersAlternate Status Register Device Control RegisterReset Handling Reset and Interrupt HandlingInterrupt Handling Set Feature Commands Interface CommandsRead Sectors Read CommandsRead Verify Sectors Read Multiple Read DMAWrite Verify Sectors Write CommandsSet Multiple Mode Write SectorsWrite DMA Write MultipleSet Features Mode Set Feature CommandsValue Description Power Mode Commands Sleep Mode Word Content Description Initialization CommandsIdentify Drive 15-8 = PIO data transfer mode = Write Cache enabled Initialize Drive Parameters Format Track Seek, Format and Diagnostic CommandsExecute Drive Diagnostic Error Code DescriptionExecute S.M.A.R.T A.R.T. Command SetSupport Service and SupportService Policy No Quibble ServiceCustomer Service MaxFax ServiceInternet Glossary Access TimeCylinder Zero Gigabyte GB Logical Block Addressing Read Gate Signal THIN-FILM Media

4320 specifications

The Maxtor 4320 is a notable entry in the realm of hard disk drives, widely recognized for its reliability and performance in data storage. Released in the early 2000s, it quickly gained traction among both consumers and professionals looking for efficient solutions for their data management needs.

At the core of the Maxtor 4320 is its impressive storage capacity. With a capacity of 20GB, it was considered substantial at the time, making it ideal for storing a variety of files, from documents to multimedia content. This drive provided users with ample space to expand their digital footprint without the constant worry of running out of space.

One of the standout features of the Maxtor 4320 is its data transfer rate. Operating at a speed of 5400 RPM, it offered a balanced performance that suited casual users and most business applications. The drive utilized an IDE interface, ensuring compatibility with a wide range of motherboards and systems, allowing for easy integration into both desktop and laptop computers.

The Maxtor 4320 is characterized by its durability. Engineered with robust materials and a well-designed casing, it was built to withstand regular use. This durability became a significant selling point, as data integrity and safety are paramount in any storage solution. Users could rely on the Maxtor 4320 to protect their important data against the wear and tear associated with daily operations.

In terms of technologies, the Maxtor 4320 featured advanced error correction algorithms, which ensured that data retrieval was not only fast but also reliable. This was particularly important at a time when data integrity was becoming increasingly crucial for personal and corporate users alike.

Additionally, the drive's low power consumption was a key consideration for eco-conscious consumers. It allowed for extended use without excessively draining power, contributing to lower energy bills and a smaller carbon footprint. This feature made the Maxtor 4320 an attractive option for users looking to balance performance with energy efficiency.

In conclusion, the Maxtor 4320 combined reliability, performance, and durability to become a popular choice in the hard disk drive market of the early 2000s. Its large storage capacity, reasonable speed, and energy efficiency catered to a wide range of users, from home consumers to small businesses. The legacy of the Maxtor 4320 continues to influence current storage solutions as it laid the groundwork for advancements in hard disk technology.
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