RayTek MI Miniature Infrared Sensor operating instructions Appendix Typical Emissivity Values

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Appendix

12.2 Typical Emissivity Values

The following table provides a brief reference guide for determining emissivity and can be used when one of the above methods is not practical. Emissivity values shown in the table are only approximate, since several parameters may affect the emissivity of a material. These include the following:

1.Temperature

2.Angle of measurement

3.Geometry (plane, concave, convex)

4.Thickness

5.Surface quality (polished, rough, oxidized, sandblasted)

6.Spectral range of measurement

7.Transmission (e.g. thin films plastics)

To optimize surface temperature measurements, consider the following guidelines:

Determine the object emissivity using the instrument which is also to be used for the measurements.

Avoid reflections by shielding the object from surrounding temperature sources.

For higher temperature objects use instruments with the shortest wavelength possible.

For translucent materials such as plastic foils or glass, assure that the background is uniform and lower in temperature than the object.

Mount instrument perpendicular to surface if possible. In all cases, do not exceed angles more than 30° from incidence.

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Contents Operating Instructions Declaration of Conformity for the European Community United Kingdom France ContactsEurope Raytek GmbH Raytek CorporationWarranty Table of Contents Onnecting to the PC VIA RS232 Output for the Target Temperature Ommand S ET Safety Instructions Safety InstructionsOperating Instructions Description DescriptionTechnical Data Technical DataMeasurement Specifications Transmission Temperature ResolutionTemperature Coefficient EmissivityOptical Resolution DS Technical Data Optical SpecificationsPower Supply Technical Data Electrical SpecificationsOutputs Technical Data Environmental Specifications Dimensions of Sensing Head Technical Data DimensionsScope of Delivery Dimensions of Electronic BoxBasics Measurement of Infrared TemperatureBasics Basics Emissivity of Target Object Ambient TemperatureAtmospheric Quality Basics Electrical Interference Distance to Object InstallationInstallation PositioningSensor Head Cable WiringCable Preparation Cable for Power Supply and OutputsConnecting of Cables to the Electronic Box Signal Outputs and Power Supply Installation OutputsWiring of the Signal Output mA or Signal OutputWiring the Output for Head Ambient Temperature Head Ambient Temp. / Alarm OutputInstallation Wiring the Thermocouple K Compensation Cable Wiring the Thermocouple J Compensation CableThermocouple Output Overview to the FTC Inputs Installation Inputs FTCRatio between Analog Input Voltage and Emissivity Example Emissivity Setting analog controlledDigital Selection of Emissivity with FTC Inputs Emissivity Setting digital controlledAmbient Background Temperature Compensation Principle of Ambient Background Temperature Compensation Trigger and Hold Function Wiring of FTC3 as External InputFTC3 for Holding the Output Temperature Connecting the RS232 cable Installation Connecting to the PC via RS232Wiring the RS485 Interface Installation Installing of Multiple Sensors via RS485Addressing through Software Addressing through ButtonsInstallation Operation OperationControl Panel Operation Setting the Output Jumper Operation Setting of Modes Available Modes Mode RangeAveraging Operation Post ProcessingOperation Peak Hold Valley Hold Advanced Peak Hold Advanced Peak Hold with Averaging Advanced Valley HoldAdvanced Valley Hold with Averaging Operation Factory Defaults Options OptionsAccessories AccessoriesOverview Standard Mounting Accessories Adjustable Mounting Bracket Xxxmiacab Accessories Adjustable Mounting BracketFixed Mounting Bracket Xxxmiacfb Accessories Fixed Mounting BracketAir Purging Jacket Xxxmiacaj Accessories Air Purging JacketMounting the Air Purge Jacket Air Cooling System Accessories Air Cooling SystemAir Flow Accessories Air Cooling System T‐Adapter Dimensions of Air Cooling System Right Angle Mirror * with Air Purging Accessories Right Angle MirrorBox Lid with View Port for Post Installations Accessories Box LidProtective Window Xxxmiacpw Accessories Protective WindowTroubleshooting MaintenanceMaintenance Troubleshooting Minor ProblemsError Codes for the Outputs Maintenance Fail‐Safe OperationError Codes via RS232/485 Error Codes for the LCD Display Error Codes via RS232/485Error Codes LCD Display Maintenance Sensing Head Exchange Maintenance Software SoftwareProgramming Guide Programming GuideReturn from the burst mode to the poll mode SettingsProgramming Guide Transfer Modes Device response format Programming Guide General Command StructureRequesting a parameter Poll Mode Setting a parameter Poll ModeDevice Information Error messageDevice Information Selection of the emissivity setting Programming Guide Device SetupTemperature Calculation Emissivity Setting and Alarm Set pointsTable for Emissivity and Set Points Post Processing Dynamic DataProgramming Guide Device Control Output for the Target TemperatureAlarm Output Factory default valuesMode Setting for the Digital Input FTC3 Lock ModeChanging the Sensing Head Calibration Data Setting the command ES = D Changing an address Programming Guide Multiple Units RS485 Multidrop ModeLCD Programming Guide Command SetDescription LT ‐40 to 600C ‐40 to 1112F = number, X = uppercase letter Command Set Appendix AppendixDetermination of Emissivity Appendix Appendix Typical Emissivity Values Metals Tab Typical Emissivity Values for Metals Tab Typical Emissivity Values for Non‐Metals NON -METALSIndex Index