Trane trg-trc005-en manual Cooling Tower

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period two

Condensers

notes

Cooling Tower

propeller fan

outdoor air

85ºF

[29ºC]

sprays

fill

 

sump

 

to

from

95ºF

condenser

condenser

[35ºC]

Figure 14

A cooling tower is a device commonly used to cool condensing water. In this design, warm water is sprayed over the fill inside the cooling tower while a propeller fan draws outdoor air upward through the fill. The movement of air through the spray causes some of the water to evaporate, a process that cools the remaining water. This cooled water then falls to the tower sump to be returned to the condenser.

The final temperature of the water leaving the tower is determined, in part, by the humidity of the outdoor air. If the outdoor air is dry, the final water temperature can be considerably lower than the ambient dry-bulb temperature. If the outdoor air is humid, however, the final temperature will be near the ambient dry-bulb temperature.

While a cooling tower can reclaim much of the condensing water, it cannot reclaim it all. The evaporation process uses up water to dissipate heat contributed by the cooling load plus the heat of compression. In addition, as the water evaporates, the dissolved minerals and water treatment chemicals become concentrated in the sump. To prevent this solution from becoming concentrated and possibly corrosive, water is periodically bled from the sump and an equal amount of fresh water is added.

In the past, some water-cooled condensers used water from either a municipal or a natural water supply as the condensing water. After rejecting the condenser heat to this water, it was dumped into the sewer or back into the body of water. Environmental and economic restrictions have made this method uncommon.

Finally, a geothermal well system can be used to reject the heat from the condenser by circulating the condensing water through a series of underground pipes . This method takes advantage of the naturally-cool ground temperatures.

TRG-TRC005-EN

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Contents Air Conditioning Clinic Refrigeration System Components Comment Card One of the Fundamental SeriesBusiness Reply Mail Refrigeration System Components Preface Refrigeration System ComponentsContents TRG-TRC005-EN Introduction Vapor-Compression RefrigerationRefrigeration Cycle Refrigeration CyclePeriod one Condenser Air-Cooled Condenser CondensersAir-Cooled Condensers Effect of Subcooling Evaporative Condenser Centrifugal Fan Air-Cooled CondenserEvaporative Condensers Water-Cooled Condenser Water-Cooled CondensersCooling Tower Condenser Capacity Condenser ControlCondenser Control Condensing Temperature Control Vary Entering Water Temperature Vary Condenser Water Flow RateCooling Tower Bypass Air-Cooled Condenser Control Condenser Flooding ControlCondensers Finned-Tube Evaporator EvaporatorsFinned-Tube Evaporators Turbulent Flow Superheat Shell-and-Tube Evaporator Shell-and-Tube EvaporatorsEvaporator Control Evaporator ControlFinned-Tube Evaporator Control Face-Split Arrangement80ºF Intertwined Arrangement Row-Split Arrangement Shell-and-Tube Evaporator Control Expansion Devices Expansion DeviceThermostatic Expansion Valve TXV ControlTXV TXV TXV Operation Psia TXV Superheat Setting Too much superheatSolenoid Valve AccessoriesSolenoid Valve Period five Liquid-Line Filter Drier Liquid-Line Filter DrierSealed type Moisture-Indicating Sight Glass Moisture-Indicating Sight GlassSuction Line Filter Suction Line FilterHot Gas Muffler Hot Gas MufflerShutoff Valve Shutoff ValveAccess Port Access PortReview Review-Period OneReview-Period Two Air-cooled condenserReview-Period Three Review-Period FourReview-Period Five For more information, refer to the following references Quiz Questions for PeriodQuiz Answers To C To GGlossary Glossary Glossary Trane Company

trg-trc005-en specifications

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