Typographical Conventions
The following list defines (where appropriate) and illus- trates typographical conventions used as visual cues for specific elements of text throughout this document:
•Keycaps, the labeling that appears on the keys on a keyboard, are enclosed in angle brackets.
Example: <Enter>
•Key combinations are series of keys to be pressed simultaneously (unless otherwise indicated) to per- form a single function.
Example: <Ctrl><Alt><Del>
•Commands presented in lowercase bold are for refer- ence purposes only and are not intended to be typed at that particular point in the discussion.
Example: “Use the format command to. . . .”
In contrast, commands presented in the Courier font are intended to be typed as part of an instruction.
Example: “Type format a: to format the diskette in drive A.”
•Filenames and directory names are presented in low- ercase bold.
Example: autoexec.bat and c:\windows
•Syntax lines consist of a command and all its possi- ble parameters. Commands are displayed in
lowercase bold; variable parameters (those for which you substitute a value) are displayed in lowercase italics; constant parameters are displayed in lower- case bold. The brackets indicate items that are optional.
Example: del [drive:] [path]filename [/p]
•Command lines consist of a command and may include one or more of the command’s possible parameters. Command lines are presented in the
Courier font.
Example: 
•Screen text is text that appears on the screen of your monitor or display. It can be a system message, for example, or it can be text that you are instructed to type as part of a command (referred to as a command line). Screen text is presented in the Courier font.
Example: The following message appears on your screen:
No boot device available
Example: “Type md c:\dos, and then press <Enter>.”
•Variables are symbols for which you substitute a value. They are presented in italics.
Example: DIMMn (where n represents the DIMM number)
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