Section 1

GENERATOR FUNDAMENTALS

Magnetism

Magnetism can be used to produce electricity and electricity can be used to produce magnetism.

Much about magnetism cannot be explained by our present knowledge. However, there are certain pat- terns of behavior that are known. Application of these behavior patterns has led to the development of gen- erators, motors and numerous other devices that uti- lize magnetism to produce and use electrical energy.

See Figure 1-1. The space surrounding a magnet is permeated by magnetic lines of force called “flux”. These lines of force are concentrated at the magnet’s north and south poles. They are directed away from the magnet at its north pole, travel in a loop and re- enter the magnet at its south pole. The lines of force form definite patterns which vary in intensity depend- ing on the strength of the magnet. The lines of force never cross one another. The area surrounding a magnet in which its lines of force are effective is called a “magnetic field”.

Like poles of a magnet repel each other, while unlike poles attract each other.

NOTE: The “right hand rule” is based on the “cur- rent flow” theory which assumes that current flows from positive to negative. This is opposite the “electron” theory, which states that current flows from negative to positive.

Figure 1-2. – The Right Hand Rule

Figure 1-1. – Magnetic Lines of Force

Electromagnetic Fields

All conductors through which an electric current is flowing have a magnetic field surrounding them. This field is always at right angles to the conductor. If a compass is placed near the conductor, the compass needle will move to a right angle with the conductor. The following rules apply:

•The greater the current flow through the conductor, the stronger the magnetic field around the conductor.

•The increase in the number of lines of force is directly proportional to the increase in current flow and the field is distributed along the full length of the conductor.

•The direction of the lines of force around a conduc- tor can be determined by what is called the “right hand rule”. To apply this rule, place your right hand around the conductor with the thumb pointing in the direction of current flow. The fingers will then be pointing in the direction of the lines of force.

Electromagnetic Induction

An electromotive force (EMF) or voltage can be pro- duced in a conductor by moving the conductor so that it cuts across the lines of force of a magnetic field.

Similarly, if the magnetic lines of force are moved so that they cut across a conductor, an EMF (voltage) will be produced in the conductor. This is the basic principal of the revolving field generator.

Figure 1-3, below, illustrates a simple revolving field generator. The magnetic field (Rotor) is rotated so that its lines of magnetic force cut across a coil of wires called a Stator. A voltage is then induced into the Stator windings. If the Stator circuit is completed by connecting a load (such as a light bulb), current will flow in the circuit and the bulb will light.

R

TO

RO

OR

TAT

S

LOAD

Figure 1-3. – A Simple Revolving Field Generator

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Generac Power Systems 5410, 5412, 5411, 5413, 5415, 5414 manual Magnetism, Electromagnetic Fields, Electromagnetic Induction
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5410, 5414, 5415, 5413, 5411 specifications

Generac Power Systems has established itself as a leading manufacturer of backup power solutions, particularly known for its range of generators designed for both residential and commercial use. Among their noteworthy products are the Generac models 5412, 5411, 5413, 5415, and 5414. Each of these generators showcases innovative technologies and features that enhance reliability, efficiency, and ease of use.

The Generac 5412 is a versatile model equipped with a robust 10 kW output, making it suitable for powering essential home appliances during outages. It operates using a 1.0 L engine that runs on natural gas or propane, providing flexibility in fuel options. The Quiet-Test feature is a notable characteristic, as it allows for a self-test at a reduced volume, minimizing noise disruptions during routine checks.

Moving to the Generac 5411, this generator offers a higher output capacity of 13 kW. It integrates advanced load management technology, which ensures that power is allocated efficiently among connected devices. This model also features a Mobile Link remote monitoring system, enabling users to check generator status and performance from anywhere via a smartphone app.

The Generac 5413 is tailored for larger residential needs, delivering an impressive 16 kW output. It boasts a durable all-weather aluminum enclosure designed for longevity against the elements. The 5413's integrated wifi connectivity allows for real-time monitoring and alerts, ensuring that homeowners are always informed of their generator's operating status.

For those seeking a balance of power and efficiency, the Generac 5415 offers 20 kW of output while maintaining a compact design. This model is enriched with the patented G-Flex technology, allowing it to adjust engine speed based on the load requirements, thereby conserving fuel and reducing noise levels. Additionally, the 5415 comes with an intuitive user interface for effortless operation and programming.

Finally, the Generac 5414 rounds out the lineup with its strong 24 kW capability. This model is particularly known for its Smart Management modules, which facilitate the safe and efficient distribution of power. Its intuitive design also includes a user-friendly control panel for straightforward operation, ensuring that homeowners, regardless of technical expertise, can utilize the system effectively.

In summary, Generac Power Systems’ 5412, 5411, 5413, 5415, and 5414 generators exemplify advanced power technology, tailored for reliability and user convenience. Whether for essential home functions or more extensive power needs, these models provide effective solutions to ensure that homes remain powered during outages.
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