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HP UX Red Hat Direry Server Software manual Managing the Password Policy

Models: UX Red Hat Direry Server Software

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Chapter 7. Managing User Accounts and Passwords

When a user connects to the Red Hat Directory Server, first the user is authenticated. Then, the directory grants access rights and resource limits to the user depending upon the identity established during authentication.

This chapter describes tasks for managing users, including configuring the password and account lockout policy for the directory, denying groups of users access to the directory, and limiting system resources available to users depending upon their bind DNs.

1. Managing the Password Policy

A password policy minimizes the risks of using passwords by enforcing the following:

•Users must change their passwords according to a schedule.

•Users must provide non-trivial passwords.

•The password syntax must meet certain complexity requirements.

After establishing a password policy, which can be for the entire directory or for specific subtrees or users, user passwords can be protected from potential threats by configuring an account lockout policy. Account lockout protects against hackers who try to break into the directory by repeatedly guessing a user's password.

This section provides information about configuring password and account lockout policies:

•Section 1.1, “Configuring the Password Policy”

•Section 1.2, “Setting User Passwords”

•Section 1.3, “Password Change Extended Operation”

•Section 1.4, “Configuring the Account Lockout Policy”

•Section 1.5, “Managing the Password Policy in a Replicated Environment”

•Section 1.6, “Synchronizing Passwords”

1.1. Configuring the Password Policy

Directory Server supports fine-grained password policy, so password policies can be applied to the entire directory (global password policy), a particular subtree (subtree level or local password policy), or a particular user (user level or local password policy).

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HP UX Red Hat Direry Server Software manual Managing the Password Policy, Configuring the Password Policy

Contents

Administrators Guide Red Hat Directory Server Copyright 2008 Red Hat, Inc Red Hat Directory Server 8.0 Administrators GuideRed Hat Directory Server General Red Hat Directory Server Usage Creating a New Database Link Creating and Maintaining SuffixesCreating and Maintaining Databases Creating and Maintaining Database LinksPage Red Hat Directory Server Page Red Hat Directory Server Page Red Hat Directory Server Page Red Hat Directory Server Page Xvi Preface Directory Server OverviewPreface Example and Default ReferencesWhen shown as below, it indicates computer output Document ConventionsXix Document ConventionsRelated Information Chapter Directory Server File LocationsFile or Directory Location Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 and 5General Red Hat Directory Server Usage Binaries Sun Solaris 9 sparcHP-UX 11i IA64 Ldap Tool LocationsOpt/dirsrv/bin Ldap Tool LocationsStarting and Stopping Servers Platform Directory LocationStart the Directory Server Console Starting and Stopping Directory Server from the ConsoleStarting and Stopping Directory Server from Solaris uses /etc/init.d Starting and Stopping Administration ServerHP-UX has a different location for the script On Solaris, the service is init.dStarting the Directory Server Console ConsoleClick Log on to the Directory Server as a New User Changing Login IdentityLogin screen Logging into Directory ServerViewing the Current Console Bind DN Changing Directory Server Port NumbersViewing the Current Console Bind DN General Red Hat Directory Server Usage Creating a New Directory Server Instance Open the Administration Server ConsoleConfiguration tab, select the Configuration DS tab Creating a New Directory Server InstanceConfiguring the Directory Manager Configuring the Directory Manager Page Creating a Root Entry Managing Entries from the Directory ConsoleTemplate Object Class Directory Server Console, select the Configuration tabCreating Directory Entries Creating Directory EntriesEntry Templates and Corresponding Object Classes Creating an Entry Using a Predefined TemplateRole NsRoleDefinition Class of Service CosSuperDefinition Creating Other Types of EntriesDisplaying the Property Editor Modifying Directory EntriesModifying Directory Entries Adding an Object Class to an EntryRemoving an Object Class Adding an Attribute to an EntryAdding Very Large Attributes Removing an Attribute Value Adding Attribute ValuesInstead, use Adding an Attribute SubtypeLanguage Subtype Binary SubtypeDeleting Directory Entries Deleting Directory EntriesPronunciation Subtype Adding a Subtype to an AttributeEntries, use Ctrl or Shift Select Delete from the Edit menu Managing Entries from the Command-LineProviding Input from the Command-Line Creating a Root Entry from Creating a Root Entry from the Command-LineSee , Ldif Update Statements Import the Ldif file from the Directory Server Console Adding Entries Using LdifAdding and Modifying Entries Using ldapmodify Parameter Name Description Adding Entries Using ldapmodifyCommand-Line Ldapmodify Parameters Used for Adding Entries Modifying Entries Using ldapmodifyInput from the Command-Line Hostname is cyclops Server uses port number Deleting Entries Using ldapdeleteDeleting Entries Using ldapdelete Ldapmodify Parameters Used for Modifying EntriesThis ldapdelete example has the following values Are branch points in the directory treeLdapdelete Parameters Used for Deleting Entries Using Special CharactersUsing Special Characters Tracking Modifications to Directory EntriesOpen the Tasks tab, and click Restart Directory Server Ldif Update StatementsSelect the Track Entry Modification Times checkbox General format of Ldif update statements is as follows Ldif Update StatementsFollowing sections describe the change types in detail Adding an Entry Using LdifFollowing command renames Sue Jacobs to Susan Jacobs Renaming an Entry Using LdifRenaming an Entry Using Ldif Addattribute Modifying an Entry Using LdifFollowing example adds two telephone numbers to the entry Adding Attributes to Existing Entries Using LdifModifying an Entry Using Ldif Changing an Attribute Value Using Ldif Entry is now as follows Deleting All Values of an Attribute Using LdifDeleting a Specific Attribute Value Using Ldif Barneys entry then becomes Deleting an Entry Using LdifModifying an Entry in an Internationalized Maintaining Referential IntegrityModifying an Entry in an Internationalized Directory How Referential Integrity WorksUsing Referential Integrity with Replication Directory Modifying the Update IntervalYou can enable or disable referential integrity as follows Enabling/Disabling Referential IntegrityModifying the Attribute List Modifying the Attribute List TIPPage A Sample Directory Tree with One Root Suffix Creating and Maintaining SuffixesCreating Suffixes Configuring Directory DatabasesCreating Suffixes 1, Using Referrals in a Suffix Creating Suffixes A Sample Directory Tree with a Sub SuffixCreating a New Sub Suffix Using the Console Creating a New Root Suffix Using the ConsoleCreating Root and Sub Suffixes from the Command-Line Attribute Name Value Creating and Maintaining Databases for Creating and Maintaining Database Links forAttribute. See , Creating Maintaining Databases for more informationSuffix Attributes Using Referrals in a SuffixMaintaining Suffixes To requests from client applications Click Save Enabling Referrals Only During Update OperationsDisabling a Suffix Maintaining SuffixesDeleting a Suffix Creating and Maintaining DatabasesCreating Databases Creating Databases Configuring Directory Databases For example, add a new database to the server example1 Adding Multiple Databases for a Single SuffixConfiguring Directory Databases Maintaining Directory Databases Placing a Database in Read-Only ModeMaintaining Directory Databases Change the read-only attribute to on Making a Database Read-Only Using the ConsoleMaking a Database Read-Only from the Command Line Select the database is read-only checkboxClick Save, and then restart the server Placing the Entire Directory Server in Read-Only ModeDeleting a Database Select the Make Entire Server Read-Only checkboxDatabase Encryption Configuring Transaction Logs for Frequent Database UpdatesDatabase Encryption Encryption KeysSelect the Attribute Encryption tab Configuring Database Encryption from the ConsoleEncryption Ciphers Exporting and Importing an Encrypted Database Configuring Database Encryption Using the Command-LineRun the ldapmodify command1 See .3, Importing from the Command-Linefor more information Creating and Maintaining Database Links Configuring the Chaining PolicyCreating and Maintaining Database Links Chaining Component OperationsNsActiveChainingComponents Cn=resource Component Name Description PermissionsNsActiveChainingComponents Cn=certificate-based Configuring the Chaining PolicyComponents Allowed to Chain Chaining Component Operations Using the ConsolePlug-in Chaining Component Operations from the Command-LineChaining Ldap Controls Chaining Ldap Controls from the Command-Line Chaining Ldap Controls Using the ConsoleCreating a New Database Link Creating a New Database Link Using the ConsoleCreating a New Database Link Ldap Controls and Their OIDsConfiguring Directory Databases Specify the configuration information for the database link Creating a Database Link from the Command-LineProviding Bind Credentials Providing Suffix InformationNsMultiplexorBindDN cannot be that of the Directory Manager Providing an Ldap URL Attributes Value Summary of Database Link Configuration AttributesProviding a List of Failover Servers FileOperations 1, Chaining ComponentAttributes Value Run ldapmodify1 to add a database link to server a Create an administrative user on server B, as follows Maintaining Database Links Chaining Using SSLUpdating Remote Server Authentication Information Enable SSL on the server that contains the database linkDeleting Database Links Database Links and Access Control EvaluationDatabase Links and Access Control Configuring Directory Databases Evaluation Advanced Feature Tuning Database Link PerformanceManaging Connections to the Remote Server Using the Console Managing Connections to the Remote ServerAttribute Name Description Database Link Connection Management Attributes Detecting Errors During Normal ProcessingAdvanced Feature Tuning Database Link Managing Threaded Operations Database Link Processing Error Detection ParametersPerformance Advanced Feature Configuring Cascading ChainingOverview of Cascading Chaining Configuring Directory Databases Advanced Feature Configuring Cascading Configuring Cascading Chaining Defaults Using the ConsoleConfiguring Cascading Chaining Using the Console Chaining Configuring Cascading Chaining from the Command-LineConfiguring Directory Databases Attribute Description Summary of Cascading Chaining Configuration AttributesDetecting Loops Aci This attribute must contain the following ACI Cascading Chaining Configuration ExampleCascading Chaining Configuration Attributes 101 Configuring Server One102 Configuring Server Two103 Configuring Directory Databases Allow this Configuring Server ThreeClient on server two Using ReferralsStarting the Server in Referral Mode Setting Default Referrals Setting Default ReferralsSetting a Default Referral Using the Console Setting a Default Referral from the Command-LineCreating Smart Referrals Creating Smart Referrals Using the Directory Server Console109 Creating Smart Referrals from the Command LineCreating Smart Referrals Creating Suffix Referrals Creating Suffix Referrals Using the ConsoleCreating Suffix Referrals Creating Suffix Referrals from the Command-LineConfiguring Directory Databases Action Import Initialize Database Importing DataImport Method Comparison Following sections describe importing data Importing a Database from the ConsolePopulating Directory Databases Initializing a Database from the Console Initializing a Database from the ConsoleImporting Using the ldif2db Command-Line Script Importing from the Command-LineOption Description Importing from the Command-LineRun the ldif2db script Importing Using the ldif2db.pl Perl ScriptLdif2db Parameters Ldif2db Options Importing Using the ldif2ldap Command-Line ScriptRun the ldif2ldap command-line script Exporting DataSplitting a Database Contents into Two Databases Exporting Directory Data to Ldif Using Exporting Directory Data to Ldif Using the ConsoleExporting to Ldif from the Command-Line Exporting a Single Database to Ldif Using the ConsoleWith the -noption or 123 Run the db2ldif command-line scriptLdif file in this case would be Directory and is automatically namedDb2ldif Options Backing up and Restoring DataBacking up All Databases Backing up All Databases from the Server ConsoleClick Back Up Directory Server Backing up All Databases from the Command-LineRun the db2bak command-line script Backing up All DatabasesRestoring All Databases Backing up the dse.ldif Configuration FileClick Restore Directory Server Restore Directory dialog box is displayed 126Restoring All Databases Restoring Your Database from the Command-LineUsing the bak2db Command-Line Script Using bak2db.pl Perl ScriptRestart the Directory Server Restoring a Single DatabaseRun the bak2db.pl Perl script Restoring Databases That Include Restoring the dse.ldif Configuration FileRestoring Databases That Include Replicated Entries 130 About Roles Using RolesManaging Entries with Roles, Class of Service, and Views Managing Roles Using the Console Managing Roles Using the Console134 Creating a Managed Role135 Creating a Filtered RoleFollow the steps of .2.1, Creating a Managed Role 136 Creating a Nested RoleViewing and Editing an Entrys Roles Create a new role, as in .2.1, Creating a Managed Role137 Modifying a Role EntryMaking a Role Inactive Deleting a Role Reactivating a RoleDialog box appears to confirm the deletion. Click Yes Managing Roles Using the Command-LineManaging Roles Using the Command-Line Object Classes and Attributes for RolesExamples Managed Role Definition 141 Example Filtered Role DefinitionExample Nested Role Definition Using Roles SecurelyAssigning Class of Service Assigning Class of ServiceAbout the CoS Definition Entry About CoSAbout CoS About the CoS Template EntryHow a Pointer CoS Works Sample Pointer CoS How an Indirect CoS WorksSample Indirect CoS How a Classic CoS WorksSample Classic CoS Searches for CoS-Specified AttributesCreating a New CoS Managing CoS Using the ConsoleManaging CoS Using the Console 150 Property Editor opens Creating the CoS Template EntryDeleting a CoS Editing an Existing CoSCoS Type Object Classes Description Managing CoS from the Command-LineCreating the CoS Definition Entry from the Command-Line Managing CoS from the Command-LineAttribute Definition CoS Definition Entry Object ClassesCoS Definition Entry Attributes Managing CoS from the Command-Line Indirect CoS CoS DefinitionsCoS Type CoS definition Pointer CoSBe added to any other search filter using or Creating the CoS Template Entry from the Command-Line158 Example of a Pointer CoSCreate the template entry Example of an Indirect CoSExample of a Classic CoS Classic CoS definition entry looks like Creating Role-Based AttributesCreating Role-Based Attributes Access Control and CoS Using ViewsCreating Views in the Console Creating Views in the ConsoleDeleting Views from the Directory Server Console Creating Views from the Command LineManaging Static Groups Using GroupsDeleting Views from the Command Line Deleting Views from the Command LineModifying a Static Group Adding a New Static GroupManaging Dynamic Groups Managing Dynamic GroupsAdding a New Dynamic Group Modifying a Dynamic Group168 ACI Structure Access Control PrinciplesACI Limitations ACI PlacementManaging Access Control ACI EvaluationDefault ACIs Default ACIsCreating ACIs Manually Aci attribute uses the following syntax ACI SyntaxDefining Targets Defining TargetsTargetfilter Ldif Target KeywordsKeyword Valid Expressions Wildcard Allowed Targetattr175 Targeting a Directory EntryTargeting Attributes 177 Targeting Both an Entry and Attributes178 Targeting Entries or Attributes Using Ldap FiltersTargeting Attribute Values Using Ldap Filters Targeting a Single Directory Entry Defining PermissionsAssigning rights Allowing or Denying AccessAssigning Rights Defining PermissionsProxy rights Rights Required for Ldap OperationsUser Rights Selfwrite to the targeted entry, excluding183 Permissions Syntax Access Control and the modrdn OperationBind Rules Yes, in DN only Bind Rule SyntaxBind Rule Syntax UserdnDns Defining User Access userdn KeywordLdif Bind Rule Keywords Groupdn Ldap///DN DN Roledn UserattrParent Access parent Keyword Anonymous Access anyone KeywordGeneral Access all Keyword Self Access self KeywordScenExamplerio Description WildcardsExamples Userdn Keyword Examples Defining Group Access groupdn KeywordGroupdn Examples Defining Group Access groupdn KeywordDefining Role Access roledn Keyword Defining Access Based on Value Matching Defining Access Based on Value MatchingUsing the userattr Keyword AttrValue is any string representing an attribute value Example with Userdn Bind TypeExample with Groupdn Bind Type 193 Example with Roledn Bind TypeExample with Ldapurl Bind Type Example with Any Attribute Value Using the userattr Keyword with InheritanceGranting Add Permission Using the userattr Keyword Using Inheritance With the userattr KeywordDefining Access from a Specific IP Address Dns keyword allows wildcards. For example Defining Access from a Specific DomainDefining Access from a Specific Domain Instead, use a fully qualified nameDefining Access at a Specific Time of Day or Day of Week Defining Access Based on Authentication Defining Access Based on Authentication MethodAuthmethod = saslmechanism Method Using Boolean Bind RulesAuthentication bind DN and password over Ldaps Creating ACIs from the Console Click New to open the Access Control Editor Displaying the Access Control EditorDisplaying the Access Control Editor Creating a New ACI Access Control Editor WindowCreating a New ACI Managing Access Control Creating a New ACI Managing Access Control Editing an ACI Editing an ACIControl Manager Viewing ACIsDeleting an ACI Get effective rights result looks like the following Get Effective Rights ControlGet Effective Rights Control Permissions Permission Description Using Get Effective Rights from the Command-LinePermissions That Can Be Set on Entries Permissions That Can Be Set on AttributesUsing Get Effective Rights from 214 Code Description Using Get Effective Rights from the ConsoleGet Effective Rights Return Codes Check the Show effective rights checkboxReturned Result Codes Logging Access Control InformationAccess Control Usage Examples Granting Anonymous Access Granting Anonymous AccessACI Anonymous World Click New to display the Access Control EditorClick OK in the Access Control Editor window ACI Anonymous example.comFilter for subentries field, type the following filter Granting Write Access to Personal EntriesGranting Write Access to Personal Entries 220 ACI Write example.comACI Write Subscribers Restricting Access to Key Roles ACI Roles Restricting Access to Key RolesSee , Using Roles Ldif statement should read as follows Granting a Group Full Access to a SuffixACI HR ACI Create Group Granting Rights to Add and Delete Group EntriesManaging Access Control Entries Granting Conditional Access to a Group or RoleACI Delete Group 228 ACI HostedCompany1Ldif statement should be similar to the following Denying AccessDenying Access ACI Billing Info Read 231 ACI Billing Info DenyAllowing Users to Add or Remove Themselves from a Group Setting a Target Using FilteringAllowing Users to Add or Remove ACI Group MembersDefining Permissions for DNs That Contain a Comma Proxied Authorization ACI ExampleThemselves from a Group Advanced Access Control Using Macro ACIsMacro ACI Example 236 Example Directory Tree for Macro ACIsMacro ACI Syntax Macro ACI SyntaxMacro ACI Keyword Macro Matching for $dnMacros in ACI Keywords $dn in the subject is replaced with dc=hostedCompany1 Steps for expanding this ACI are as follows240 Macro Matching for $attr.attrNameFor example, consider the following ACI Compatibility with Earlier Releases Access Control and ReplicationAccess Control and Replication 242 Configuring the Password Policy Managing the Password PolicyManaging User Accounts and Passwords Configuring a Global Password Policy Using the ConsoleConfiguring the Password Policy Check the Enable fine-grained password policy checkbox Configuring a Subtree/User Password Policy Using the ConsoleAttribute Name Definition Configuring a Global Password Policy Using the Command-LineDirectory data because the longer a password Users password will expire after an intervalGiven by the passwordMaxAge attribute Making passwords expire helps protectSession to cycle through the password history Discourage users from reusing old passwordsFor example, setting the minimum password Changing their passwords during a singleAttributes, respectively. By default, this Shorter passwords are easier to crackPasswords can be two 2 to 512 characters It down. This attribute is set to 8 by defaultLowercase letters a to z This attribute is set to 3 by defaultDefault method Compatibility with Unix passwordsPassword Policy Attributes CoS specification entry at the subtree level. For example 254 Start the server Setting User PasswordsPassword Change Extended Operation Setting User Passwords256 Ldappasswd OptionsParameter Description Configuring the Account Lockout Policy Configuring the Account Lockout PolicyConfiguring the Account Lockout Policy Using the Console Attribute Name Definition Account Lockout Policy Attributes Managing the Password Policy in a Replicated EnvironmentManaging the Password Policy in a Synchronizing Passwords Replicated Environment Inactivating Users and RolesOption Name Description Inactivating User and Roles Using the ConsoleInactivating User and Roles Using the Command-Line DN of the user account or role to activate Activating User and Roles Using the ConsoleActivating User and Roles Using the Command-Line Activating User and Roles UsingSetting Resource Limits Using the Console Setting Resource Limits Based on the Bind DNEntering a value of -1indicates no limit Click OK Setting Resource Limits Using the Command-Line266 Read-Write and Read-Only Replicas Replication OverviewWhat Directory Units Are Replicated Managing Replication Suppliers and ConsumersChangelog Replication IdentityReplication Agreement Replication AgreementCompatibility with Earlier Versions of Directory Server Single-Master Replication Replication ScenariosMulti-Master Replication Multi-Master Replication272 Multi-Master Replication Two MastersMulti-Master Replication Four Masters Replication Cascading ReplicationCreating the Supplier Bind DN Entry Creating the Supplier Bind DN EntryConfiguring Single-Master Replication Configuring the Read-Write Replica on Configuring the Read-Write Replica on the Supplier ServerConfiguring the Read-Only Replica on the Consumer Supplier Server Create the Replication Agreement Create the Replication Agreement Managing Replication Create the Replication Agreement Replication will not begin until the consumer is initialized Configuring Multi-Master Replication Configuring the Read-Write Replicas on the Supplier Servers Configuring Multi-Master Replication287 Configuring the Read-Write Replicas onManaging Replication Supplier Servers Configuring the Read-Only Replicas on the Consumer ServersManaging Replication Setting up the Replication Agreements Setting up the Replication AgreementsManaging Replication Setting up the Replication Agreements Managing Replication Setting up the Replication Agreements Replication will not begin until the consumer is initialized 297 Preventing Monopolization of the ConsumerConfiguring Cascading Replication Configuring the Read-Write Replica on the Supplier Server Configuring the Read-Only Replica on the Consumer Server Configuring the Read-Only Replica on Configuring the Read-Only Replica on the Hub Consumer Server Managing Replication Setting up the Replication Agreements Managing Replication DN and password Managing Replication Setting up the Replication Agreements Replication will not begin until the consumer is initialized Configuring Replication from the Command Configuring Replication from the Command LineConfiguring Suppliers from the Command Line 312 Changelog, to which Changelog AttributesLine Object Class or Attribute Description Values314 Consumer. This is required forReplica Attributes Configuring Consumers from the Command LineConfiguring Consumers from the Command Forward update requests. ByConfiguring Hubs from the Command Line Configuring Replication Agreements from the Command Line Parameter to SSL. If TLS/SSL 318 Qualified host and domainObjectclass=* $ Exclude Attributes will not be Configuring Replication Agreements fromReplication between Servers Nsds5replicabindcredentials Nsds5replicatedattributelist320 Midnight and 2359 is PM. For example, the settingReplication Agreement Attributes Command Line Initializing Consumers Online from the Command LineDeleting the Changelog Making a Replica UpdatableMoving the Changelog to a New Location Initializing ConsumersRemoving the Changelog Moving the Changelog to a New LocationOnline Consumer Initialization Using the Console When to Initialize a ConsumerInitializing Consumers Online Using Initializing Consumers Online Using the Command LineExporting a Replica to Ldif Manual Consumer Initialization Using the Command LineImporting the Ldif File to the Consumer Server Filesystem Replica InitializationInitializing the Consumer Replica from the Backup Files Restart the destination Directory Server. For example Forcing Replication UpdatesForcing Replication Updates Stop the destination Directory Server if it is runningForcing Replication Updates from the Command-Line Forcing Replication Updates from the ConsoleReplicating Account Lockout Attributes Replicating Account Lockout AttributesExample 8.1. ReplicateNow Script Example ReplicateNow VariablesReplication over SSL Replicating o=NetscapeRoot for Select SSL Client AuthenticationSelect Simple Authentication Directory Server Installation Guide See , Enabling and Disabling Plug-ins Administration Server FailoverReplication with Earlier Releases Using the Retro Changelog Plug-in Retro Changelog Entry Enabling the Retro Changelog Plug-inAttributes of a Retro Changelog Entry Enabling the Retro Changelog Plug-inTrimming the Retro Changelog Searching and Modifying the Retro Changelog Retro Changelog and the Access Control PolicyRetro Changelog and the Access Control Monitoring Replication StatusTable Header Description Monitoring Replication Status from Administration ExpressDirectory Server Console Replication Status Table header shows the replica ID 341 PolicySolving Common Replication Conflicts Solving Naming Conflicts Solving Naming ConflictsRenaming an Entry with a Multi-Valued Naming Attribute 344 Unique identifier attribute nsuniqueid cannot be deletedRenaming an Entry with a Single-Valued Naming Attribute Solving Orphan Entry Conflicts Solving Potential Interoperability ProblemsTroubleshooting Replication-Related Troubleshooting Replication-Related ProblemsError/Symptom Reason Impact Remedy Problems Direct consumers But some consumers Follows Are way behind SupplierIf it has been Replayed to allReplication Status Replication ErrorsSee Section Monitoring352 Create new attributes, as in .2, Creating Attributes Overview of Extending SchemaManaging Attributes Viewing AttributesSyntax Extending the Directory SchemaField NameField Description Creating AttributesAttributes Tab Reference Creating AttributesOIDs are described in .1, Attributes Tab Reference Editing AttributesDeleting Attributes Managing Object Classes This procedure is explained in .4, Deleting AttributesManaging Object Classes Viewing Object Classes358 ReferenceParent Creating Object Classes Creating Object ClassesObject Classes Tab Reference Click OK to save the new object class Editing Object ClassesDeleting Object Classes Deleting Object ClassesTurning Schema Checking On and Off About Index Types About IndexesAttribute Pres Sub Purpose About Default, System, and Standard IndexesOverview of Default Indexes Managing IndexesIntegrity for About Default, System, and StandardMaintaining Referential366 Default IndexesOverview of System Indexes Attribute Pres Purpose Overview of the Searching AlgorithmOverview of Standard Indexes System IndexesManaging Indexes Approximate Searches Approximate SearchesBalancing the Benefits of Indexing Directory Server is maintaining the following indexes 370 Creating Indexes Creating IndexesCreating Indexes from the Server Console Adding an Index Entry Creating Indexes from the Command-LineCreating Indexes from the Command-Line 374 To create a new index for a particular database, add it toCreating Indexes from the Command-Line Db2index Options describes the db2index.pl options Running the db2index.pl ScriptDb2index.pl Options Run the db2index.pl Perl scriptCreating Browsing Indexes from Creating Browsing Indexes from the Command-LineCreating Browsing Indexes from the Server Console Adding a Browsing Index EntryManaging Indexes This first browsing index entry must be added to Running the vlvindex ScriptRun the vlvindex script Setting Access Control for VLV InformationVlvindex Options Stop the server.3Change ldap//all to ldap//anyone and save your changes Deleting IndexesDeleting Indexes A text editor, open the dse.ldif fileDeleting Indexes from the Server Console Deleting Indexes from the Command-LineLdapdelete Options describes the ldapdelete options Deleting Indexes from the Command-LineDeleting an Index Entry Run the db2index.pl Perl script. For example Ldapdelete OptionsDb2index Options Deleting Browsing Indexes from the Command-LineDeleting Browsing Indexes from the Server Console Deleting a Browsing Index EntryOption Description Vlvindex Options describes the vlvindex options Managing IndexesSearch Performance Indexing PerformanceBackwards Compatibility and Migration Attribute Primary Name Attribute Alias Attribute Name Quick Reference TableBackwards Compatibility and Migration 391 Attribute Name Quick Reference TableAttribute Name Quick Reference Table 392 Enabling SSL Summary of Steps Introduction to TLS/SSL in the Directory ServerTurn on TLS/SSL in the directory Command-Line Functions for Start TLSManaging SSL Obtaining and Installing Server Certificates Obtaining and Installing Server CertificatesTroubleshooting Start TLS Generate a Certificate Request Generate a Certificate Request Managing SSL After generating the certificate request, send it to the CA Send the Certificate RequestInstall the Certificate Trust the Certificate Authority Trust the Certificate AuthorityConfirm That The New Certificates Are Installed Using certutilGenerate the Directory Server client certificate Create a password file for the security token passwordCreating Directory Server Certificates 404 Certutil Options Starting the Server with TLS/SSL EnabledThrough the Command Line Certutil UsageSelect the certificate to use from the drop-down menu Click Cipher SettingsEnabling TLS/SSL Only in the Directory Server Enabling TLS/SSL Only in the Directory Described in , Starting and Stopping Servers 409 Server Click Cipher SettingsCheck the Use SSL in the Console box. Hit Save Creating a Password File for the Directory Server Creating a Password File for Creating a Password File for the Administration ServerAvailable Ciphers Setting Security PreferencesRestart the Administration Server TLSv1 Ciphers Administration ServerSSLv3 Ciphers Click Cipher SettingSelecting the Encryption Cipher Encryption tab, click Save Using Certificate-Based AuthenticationUsing Certificate-Based Authentication Allowing/Requiring Client Authentication Setting up Certificate-Based AuthenticationNow start Red Hat Console Configuring Ldap Clients to Use SSLConfiguring Ldap Clients to Use SSL Stop the Directory ServerBegin Certificate Client certificate resembles the followingConfiguring Ldap Clients to Use SSL Click Set Value 420 Managing Sasl Authentication MechanismsManaging Sasl Sasl is configured by entries under a container entry 422Sasl Identity Mapping 423 Sasl Identity MappingSasl identity mapping entries are children of this entry Configuring Sasl Identity Mapping from the Console Configuring Sasl Identity Mapping from Operating System Kerberos Version Configuring Sasl Identity Mapping from the Command-LineConfiguring Kerberos Supported Kerberos SystemsRealms Configuring the KDC ServerExample Configuring an Example KDC Server Configuring Sasl Authentication at Configuring Sasl Authentication at Directory Server StartupManaging Sasl Defining a Log File Rotation Policy Viewing and Configuring Log FilesAdministration Express Monitoring Server and Database Activity Defining a Log File Deletion Policy Access LogViewing the Access Log Defining a Log File Deletion PolicyDisplay to refresh automatically every ten seconds Configuring the Access LogError Log Error LogViewing the Error Log Click Save 436 Configuring the Error LogContaining text box, and click Refresh Audit Log Configuring the Audit LogAudit Log Viewing the Audit LogMonitoring Server Activity Manual Log File RotationMonitoring the Server from the Directory Monitoring the Server from the Directory Server ConsoleResource Current Total General Information ServerResource Summary Resource Usage Since Startup Average Per MinuteOperations, and therefore multiple threads Current Resource UsageServer Console Connection can account for multipleConnection Status Monitoring the Directory Server from Monitoring the Directory Server from the Command LineGlobal Database Cache Information 444 Attribute DescriptionTime GMT in UTC format Monitoring Database ActivityServer Monitoring Attributes Performance Metric Current Total See , Tuning DatabaseMaximum Cache Size setting. See Section General Information DatabaseMonitoring Database Activity from Tuning Database Performance forCache setting. See , Tuning Summary Information10. Database File-Specific Monitoring Databases from the Command LineDatabase Cache Information Directory Server Console Maximum Entries in Cache attribute Lower the number of page evicts the better Monitoring Database Link Activity11. Directory Server Monitoring Attributes Monitoring Database Link Activity452 12. Database Link Monitoring AttributesAbout Snmp SnmpAgentx-master Configuring the Master Agent Configuring the SubagentSubagent Configuration File Monitoring Directory Server Using SnmpStarting the Subagent Starting the SubagentAgent-logdir ServerTesting the Subagent Configuring Snmp TrapsConfiguring the Directory Server for Snmp Configuring the Directory Server for SnmpUsing the Management Information Base Managed Object Description Operations TableEntries Table Operations Table Managed Objects and DescriptionsEntries Table Managed Objects and Descriptions Entries TableEntity Table Interaction Table Interaction TableEntity Table Managed Objects and Descriptions 462 Interaction Table Managed Objects and DescriptionsManagement subsystem was initialized, this Object will contain a value of zeroTuning Server Performance Tuning Directory Server PerformanceOptimizing Search Performance Tuning Database PerformanceTuning Directory Server Performance Optimizing Search Performance Changing the Location of the Database Transaction Log Tuning Transaction LoggingChanging the Database Checkpoint Interval Changing the Database Checkpoint IntervalSpecifying Transaction Batching Miscellaneous Tuning TipsDisabling Durable Transactions Avoid Creating Entries Under the cn=config 470 Details of 7-Bit Check Plug-in Server Plug-in Functionality ReferenceBit Check Plug-in ACL Plug-inDetails of ACI Plug-in Administering Directory Server Plug-insACL Preoperation Plug-in Binary Syntax Plug-inDetails of Boolean Syntax Plug-in Boolean Syntax Plug-inCase Exact String Syntax Plug-in Details of Binary Syntax Plug-inDetails of Case Ignore String Syntax Plug-in Case Ignore String Syntax Plug-inChaining Database Plug-in Details of Case Exact String Syntax Plug-inCountry String Syntax Plug-in Class of Service Plug-inDetails of Class of Service Plug-in Class of Service Plug-in11. Details of Distinguished Name Syntax Plug-in Distinguished Name Syntax Plug-inGeneralized Time Syntax Plug-in 10. Details of Country String Plug-in13. Details of Integer Syntax Plug-in Integer Syntax Plug-inInternationalization Plug-in 12. Details of Generalized Time Syntax Plug-in15. Details of ldbm Database Plug-in Ldbm Database Plug-inLegacy Replication Plug-in 14. Details of Internationalization Plug-in17. Details of Multi-Master Replication Plug-in Multi-Master Replication Plug-inOctet String Syntax Plug-in 16. Details of Legacy Replication Plug-in18. Details of Octet String Syntax Plug-in Clear Password Storage Plug-inCrypt Password Storage Plug-in 19. Details of Clear Password Storage Plug-inNS-MTA-MD5 Password Storage Plug-in NS-MTA-MD5 Password Storage Plug-in20. Details of Crypt Password Storage Plug-in 21. Details of NS-MTA-MD5 Password Storage Plug-in22. Details of SHA Password Storage Plug-in SHA Password Storage Plug-inSsha Password Storage Plug-in 24. Details of Postal Address String Syntax Plug-in 23. Details of Ssha Password Storage Plug-inPostal Address String Syntax Plug-in PTA Plug-inReferential Integrity Postoperation Plug-in Using the Pass-throughAuthentication Plug-in See , Using the Pass-throughSee , Managing Indexes for Retro Changelog Plug-in26. Details of Referential Integrity Post-Operation Plug-in Retro Changelog Plug-in28. Details of Roles Plug-in Roles Plug-inSpace Insensitive String Syntax Plug-in 27. Details of Retro Changelog Plug-inSee Appendix B, Finding Directory Entries State Change Plug-in29. Details of Space Insensitive String Syntax Plug-in State Change Plug-in31. Details of Telephone Syntax Plug-in Telephone Syntax Plug-inUID Uniqueness Plug-in 30. Details of State Change Plug-inURI Plug-in See , Using the AttributeURI Plug-in 32. Details of UID Uniqueness Plug-in33. Details of URI Plug-in Enabling and Disabling Plug-insHow Directory Server Uses PTA Using the Pass-through Authentication Plug-inPTA Plug-in Syntax Using the Pass-through Authentication Plug-inVariable Definition PTA Plug-in SyntaxSpecifying the Pass-through Subtree for Configuring the Optional Parameters forSee .5, Configuring the Optional PTA Plug-in Parameters Configuring the PTA Plug-inConfiguring the PTA Plug-in Turning the Plug-in On or Off Configuring the Servers to Use a Secure ConnectionSpecifying the Authenticating Directory Server Specifying the Pass-through Subtree Specifying the Pass-through SubtreeConfiguring the Optional Parameters PTA Plug-in Syntax Examples PTA Plug-in Syntax ExamplesUsing Non-Default Parameter Values Specifying Multiple Authenticating Directory ServersSpecifying Different Optional Parameters 502 Overview of the Attribute Uniqueness Plug-in Using the Attribute Uniqueness Plug-inAttribute Uniqueness Plug-in Syntax Using the Attribute Uniqueness Plug-in505 Attribute Uniqueness Plug-in SyntaxSee .3.1, Turning the Plug-in On or Attribute Uniqueness Plug-in Variables Creating an Instance of the Attribute Uniqueness Plug-inConfiguring Attribute Uniqueness Plug-ins Configuring Attribute Uniqueness Plug-insViewing Plug-in Configuration Information From the Property Editor From the Configuration tab509 Turning the Plug-in On or OffSpecifying a Suffix or Subtree Using the markerObjectClass and requiredObjectClass Keywords Specifying One Attribute and Multiple Subtrees From the Command-LineAttribute Uniqueness Plug-in Syntax Examples Specifying One Attribute and One SubtreeSimple Replication Scenario Replication and the Attribute Uniqueness Plug-inMulti-Master Replication Scenario Multi-Master Replication Scenario514 About Windows Sync Active Directory Directory Server Synchronization Process 517 About Windows SyncConfigure SSL on Directory Server Configuring Windows SyncSelect the Enterprise Root CA option Configure the Active Directory DomainConfigure the Active Directory Iv. Accept the certificate request. For example Select or Create the Sync IdentityDomain Install and Configure the Password Sync ServiceReboot the Windows machine to start Password Sync Hit Next, then Finish to install Password Sync523 Install and Configure the PasswordGive trusted peer status to the server Configure the Directory Server Database for SynchronizationCreate the Synchronization Agreement Sync ServiceSetting up the Sync Agreement Synchronizing Users Synchronizing Groups Deleting Entries Using Windows SyncBegin Synchronization Begin SynchronizationSynchronizing Users 529 Synchronizing UsersDirectory Server Active Directory PhysicalDeliveryOfficeName Synchronizing GroupsDescription Member SeeAlso Deleting EntriesDeleting Entries NtGroupAttributes NtGroupId Name SamAccountName NtGroupTypeManually Updating and Resynchronizing Entries Resurrecting EntriesChecking Synchronization Status Checking Synchronization StatusModifying the Sync Agreement Values for street and streetAddress Schema DifferencesPassword Policies GroupsContraints on the initials attribute Password Sync ServiceModifying Password Sync Starting and Stopping the Password Sync ServiceOpen the Add/Remove Programs utility TroubleshootingUninstalling Password Sync Service To uninstall the Password Sync service, do the following537 Troubleshooting538 About the Ldif File Format Appendix A. Ldap Data Interchange FormatField Definition Continuing Lines in LdifTable A.1. Ldif Fields Appendix A. Ldap Data Interchange FormatRepresenting Binary Data Representing Binary DataStandard Ldif Notation Base-64 EncodingSpecifying Domain Entries Specifying Directory Entries Using LdifLdif Element Description Table A.2. Ldif Elements in Domain EntriesSpecifying Organizational Unit Entries Domain EntriesSpecifying Organizational Unit Entries Specifying Organizational Person Entries Specifying Organizational Person EntriesTable A.3. Ldif Elements in Organizational Unit Entries Table A.4. Ldif Elements in Person Entries Defining Directories Using Ldif547 Defining Directories Using LdifLdif File Example Storing Information in Multiple Languages Storing Information in Multiple Languages550 File contents are then converted to UTF-8Figure B.1. Browsing Entries in the Directory Tab Finding Entries Using the Directory Server ConsoleAppendix B. Finding Directory Entries Using ldapsearchLdapsearch command must use the following format Ldapsearch Command-Line FormatCommonly Used ldapsearch Options Commonly Used ldapsearch Options Returning All Entries Ldapsearch ExamplesSearching the Root DSE Entry Specifying Search Filters on the Command LineSearching the Schema Entry Using LdapbasednThis example assumes the search base is set with Ldapbasedn Specifying Search Filters Using a FileDisplaying Subsets of Attributes Ldap Search Filters Using Client Authentication When SearchingLdap Search Filters Specifying DNs That Contain Commas in Search FiltersBasic syntax of a search filter is Using Attributes in Search FiltersUsing Operators in Search Filters Search Filter SyntaxSearch Type Operator Description Using Compound Search FiltersTable B.1. Search Filter Operators Search Filter SyntaxTable B.2. Search Filter Boolean Operators Operator Symbol DescriptionSearch Filter Examples Searching an Internationalized Directory Searching an Internationalized DirectoryMatching Rule Formats Matching Rule Filter Syntax565 Using an OID for the Matching RuleUsing a Language Tag for the Matching Rule Matching Rule Filter SyntaxTable B.3, Search Types, Operators, and Suffixes Using Wildcards in Matching Rule FiltersUsing an OID and Suffix for the Matching Rule Using a Language Tag and Suffix for the Matching RuleSearch Type Operator Suffix Supported Search TypesSupported Search Types Equality Example International Search ExamplesLess-Than Example Less-Than or Equal-to ExampleInternational Search Examples Greater-Than or Equal-to ExampleGreater-Than Example Substring Example570 But either one of these will work correctlyHostname Port Components of an Ldap URLLdap URLs have the following syntax ComponentComponent Description Table C.1. Ldap URL ComponentsAppendix C. Ldap URLs Unsafe Character Escape Characters Escaping Unsafe CharactersExamples of Ldap URLs Escaping Unsafe CharactersExample 575 Examples of Ldap URLs576 About Locales Appendix D. InternationalizationLocale Language Tag Collation Order Object Identifiers OIDs Identifying Supported LocalesAppendix D. Internationalization 579 Table D.1. Supported LocalesSupported Language Subtypes Supported Language Subtypes Table D.2. Supported Language Subtypes Troubleshooting Matching RulesTroubleshooting Matching Rules 582 See Also ID list scan limit See Also access control instructionSee Also access control list See bind DN GlossaryValue See base DNSee Certificate Authority See Also virtual list view indexSee Also template entry Directory Access Protocol. The ISO X.500 standard protocolThat provides client access to the directory See Ldap clientSee Directory Manager See CoS definition entrySee directory tree See distinguished nameSee Directory Server Gateway See Also cascading replication See Ldap Data Interchange Format See Snmp master agent See supplierDirectory tree Between Snmp devices. Also protocol data unit See Also access rightsSee object identifier Encoded messages which form the basis of data exchangesName. Also relative distinguished name Receives to the authenticating directory serverAuthenticating directory server, pass-through subtrees, Comments on the technologies before they become accepted Request for Comments. Procedures or standards documentsProcess is called a referral Submitted to the Internet community. People can sendSee supplier-initiated replication Directory Server during installationServer Instance Entry. The ID assigned to an instance See Snmp subagent Simple Network Management ProtocolSubagent See Also browsing index See CoS template entryProtocol. Also Transport Layer Security Page 600 Index Index Page Index Page Index Ldapbasedn Index Ldif Index MIB Index Page Index Page MIB Page Index