References and Bibliography

1.American National Standard: “Technical Report— Glossary of Document Technologies,” ANSI/AIIM TR2-1998.

2.American National Standard: “Imaging Materials— Processed Silver-Gelatin Type Black and White Film—Specifications for Stability,” ANSI/PIMAIT9.1- 1996 or ISO 18901.

3.American National Standard: “Imaging Materials— Photographic Films - Specifications for Safety Film,” ANSI IT9.6-1991 (R1996) or ISO 18906.

4.American National Standard: “Imaging Materials— Ammonia-Processed Diazo Photographic Film— Specifications for Stability,” ANSI/PIMAIT9.5-1996 or ISO 18905.

5.American National Standard: “Imaging Media— Processed Safety Photographic Film—Storage,” ANSI/PIMA IT9.11-1998 or ISO 18911.

6.American National Standard: “Imaging Media— Photographic Processed Films, Plates, and Papers— Filing Enclosures and Storage Containers,”

ANSI IT9.2-1991.

7.American National Standard: “Protection of Records,” ANSI/NFPA 232-1995.

8.American National Standard: “Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems,” ANSI/NFPA 90A-1996.

9.American National Standard: “Tests for Fire Resistance of Record Protection Equipment,” ANSI/UL 72-1990.

10.“Prevention and Removal of Fungus on Prints and Films,” Eastman Kodak Company, Kodak Pamphlet No. AE-22.

11.“Inspection of Processed Photographic Record Films for Aging Blemishes,” C. S. McCamy, National Bureau of Standards Handbook 96, January 24, 1964.

12.“Microscopic Spots—A Progress Report,” D. G. Wiest and R. W. Henn, National Micro-News,70, 249257, June 1964.

13.“Microscopic Spots in Processed Microfilm—Their Nature and Prevention,” D. G. Wiest and R. W. Henn, Photographic Science and Engineering, 7 (5), 253-261 (1963).

14.“Microscopic Spots in Processed Microfilm: The Effect of lodide,” R. W. Henn, D. G. Wiest, and B. D. Mack, Photographic Science and Engineering, 9 (3), 167-173 (1965).

15.Fundamentals, ASHRAE Handbook, New York: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- Conditioning Engineers, 1993.†

16.HVAC Systems and Equipment, ASHRAE Handbook, New York: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 1992.†

18

17.HVAC Applications, ASHRAE Handbook, New York: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- Conditioning Engineers, 1991.†

18.Refrigeration, ASHRAE Handbook, New York: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 1994.†

19.“Recovering Silver from Photographic Materials,” Eastman Kodak Company, Kodak Publication No. J-10A.

20.American National Standard: “Photography— Determination of Residual Thiosulfate and Other Related Chemicals in Processed Photographic Materials—Methods Using Iodine-Amylose, Methylene Blue and Silver Sulfide,” ANSI/PIMA IT9.17-1993 or ISO 18918.

21.“Eastman Professional Motion Picture Films,” Eastman Kodak Company, Kodak Publication No. H-1.

22.American National Standard: “Imaging Material— Processed Vesicular Photographic Film— Specifications for Stability,” ANSI/PIMA IT9.12-1995 or ISO 18912.

23.“The Book of Film Care,” Eastman Kodak Company, Kodak Publication No. H-23.

24.“The Technology of Silver Recovery for Photographic Processing Facilities,” Eastman Kodak Company, Kodak Publication No. J-212.

25.American National Standard: “Imaging Media (Film)— Thermally Processed Silver Microfilm—Specifications for Stability,” ANSI/NAPM IT9.19-1994 or ISO/DIS 14806-1996.

26.“The Effects and Prevention of the Vinegar Syndrome,” A. Tulsi Ram, David F. Koperl, Richard C. Sehlin, Stephanie Masaryk-Morris, James L. Vincent, and Paige Miller, Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, Vol. 38, No. 3, 249-261, May/June 1994.

27.“Use of Kodak Brown Toner to Extend the Life of Microfilm,” Eastman Kodak Company, Kodak Publication No. A-1671.

†Available from the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305.

All ANSI Specifications are available from American National Standards Institute, Inc., 11 W. 42nd St., New York, NY 10036 or http://www.ansi.org.

All AIIM Standards are available from Association for Information and Image Management, 1100 Wayne Avenue, Suite 1100, Silver Spring, MD 20910 or http://www.aiim.org.

Kodak Publications are available by calling 1-888-247-1234.

D-31 June 2002

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Kodak D-31 manual References and Bibliography
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D-31 specifications

Kodak D-31 is a color negative developer that has garnered attention for its unique set of features tailored to meet the demands of both professionals and enthusiasts in the field of photography. Designed primarily for use with color negative films, Kodak D-31 is known for delivering impressive results in terms of color reproduction, contrast, and image sharpness.

One of the standout characteristics of Kodak D-31 is its flexibility in processing various types of color negative films. This developer can be used for a range of ISO sensitivity ratings, making it versatile for different photographic situations. Whether capturing landscapes, portraits, or street photography, D-31 ensures that the vibrant colors and subtle tones of each scene are accurately represented.

The technology behind Kodak D-31 incorporates a balanced mixture of color-forming agents and stabilizers that contribute to its reliability. The developer uses a carefully controlled chemical composition that ensures consistent performance with minimal grain, which is a critical factor for photographers who demand high-quality prints. The result is images that display fine detail and smooth transitions in color, which can be particularly important in post-processing and printing.

Kodak D-31 is designed for easy use, featuring a simple processing workflow that can be followed even by those new to film development. The Developer can be used with standard tanks and is compatible with both manual and automatic processing equipment. This ease of use makes D-31 an excellent choice for educational settings and home darkrooms, as it allows users to focus more on the art of photography rather than the technicalities of the developing process.

An additional advantage of Kodak D-31 is its ability to deliver consistent results across different batches, which is essential for those looking to maintain a cohesive portfolio. Photographers can rest assured that each roll developed will yield similar results, thanks to the high degree of control in the chemical composition and the assurance of quality that Kodak has provided for decades.

In summary, Kodak D-31 stands out as a reliable, versatile, and high-performance color negative developer that is well-suited for a variety of photographic applications. Its thoughtful formulation offers photographers the ability to capture and reproduce color with precision, making it a preferred choice for both hobbyists and seasoned professionals alike. With its blend of technology and ease of use, D-31 continues to be a valuable tool for anyone looking to explore the rich world of color film photography.
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