Texas Instruments TMS320C3x Example 513. Floating-Point Addition

Floating-Point Addition and Subtraction

5-34

The following examples describe the floating-point addition and subtraction

operations. It is assumed that the data is in the extended-precision floating-

point format.

Example 5–13. Floating-Point Addition

In the case of two normalized numbers to be summed, let

α= 1.5= 01.1000000000000000000000000000000 × 20

= 0.5= 01.0000000000000000000000000000000 × 2–1

It is necessary to shift b to the right by 1 so that α and

have the same exponent.

This yields:

= 0.5= 00.1000000000000000000000000000000 × 20

Then:

01.10000000000000000000000000000000 ×2

+00.10000000000000000000000000000000 × 20

010.00000000000000000000000000000000 × 20

As in the case of multiplication, it is necessary to shift the binary point one place

to the left and add 1 to the exponent. This yields:

01.1000000000000000000000000000000 × 20

±00.1000000000000000000000000000000 × 20

01.0000000000000000000000000000000 × 21

Contents

Main Page Preface Read This First About This Manual Notational Conventions Page Information About Cautions Related Documentation From Texas Instruments TMS320C3x/C4x Optimizing C Compiler Users Guide TMS320C3x/C4x Assembly Language Tools Users Guide TMS320C3x General Purpose Applications Users Guide References Digital Signal Processing with the TMS320C25. Page Page Page If You Need Assistance x If You Need Assistance . . . World-Wide Web Sites North America, South America, Central America Europe, Middle East, Africa Asia-Pacific Trademarks Contents Description of the registers in the CPU register file. Page Discussion of the pipeline of operations on the TMS320C3x Description of the boot loader operations for the C31 and C32. Description of the DMA controller, timers, and serial ports. List of the opcode fields for the TMS320C3x instructions. Figures Page Page Page Page Page Tables Page Examples Page Page Introduction Chapter 1 1.1 TMS320C3x Devices TMS320C3x Devices 1-3 Figure 11. TMS320C3x Devices Block Diagram 1.1.1 TMS320C3x Key Specifications 1.1.2 TMS320C30 1.1.3 TMS320C31 and TMS320LC31 Page TMS320C3x Devices 1-5 Table 11. TMS320C30, TMS320C31, TMS320LC31, and TMS320C32 Comparison TMS320C3x Devices 1-6 Table 11. TMS320C30, TMS320C31, TMS320LC31, and TMS320C32 Comparison (Continued) Typical Applications 1.2 Typical Applications Table 12. Typical Applications of the TMS320 Family Architectural Overview Chapter 2 2.1 Overview 2-3 Figure 21. TMS320C30 Block Diagram 2-4 Figure 22. TMS320C31 Block Diagram 2-5 Figure 23. TMS320C32 Block Diagram 2.2 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Central Processing Unit (CPU) 2-7 Figure 24. Central Processing Unit (CPU) 2.2.1 Floating-Point/Integer Multiplier Data Formats and Floating-Point Operation, 2.2.2 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Internal Buses Data Formats and Floating-Point Operation, 2.2.3 Auxiliary Register Arithmetic Units (ARAUs) 2.3 CPU Primary Register File CPU Registers, Table 21. Primary CPU Registers Table 21. Primary CPU Registers (Continued) Data Formats and Floating-Point Operation, push pop repeat end-address register (RE) System and User Stack Management repeat start-address register (RS) 2.4 Other Registers 2.5 Memory Organization 2.5.1 RAM, ROM, and Cache 2-14 Figure 25. Memory Organization of the TMS320C30 2-15 Figure 26. Memory Organization of the TMS320C31 2-16 Figure 27. Memory Organization of the TMS320C32 , for more information. Memory and the Instruction Cache 2.5.2 Memory Addressing Modes 2.6 Internal Bus Operation 2.7 External Memory Interface External Memory Interface 2.7.1 TMS320C32 16- and 32-Bit Program Memory 2.7.2 TMS320C32 8-, 16-, and 32-Bit Data Memory Figure 28. TMS320C32-Supported Data Types and Sizes and External Memory Widths 2.8 Interrupts Reset Operation Status Register (ST) 2-22 2.9 Peripherals , for more information. Figure 29. Peripheral Modules 2.9.1 Timers 2.9.2 Serial Ports 2.10 Direct Memory Access (DMA) DMA Controller Figure 210. DMA Controller Page TMS320C30, TMS320C31, and TMS320C32 Differences Table 22. Feature Set Comparison CPU Registers Chapter 3 3.1 CPU Multiport Register File Table 31. CPU Registers 3.1.1 Extended-Precision Registers (R7R0) Figure 31. Extended-Precision Register Floating-Point Format Figure 32. Extended-Precision Register Integer Format 3.1.2 Auxiliary Registers (AR7AR0) 3.1.3 Data-Page Pointer (DP) System Circular Addressing Direct Addressing 3.1.7 Status (ST) Register Figure 33. Status Register (TMS320C30 andTMS320C31) Figure 34. Status Register (TMS320C32 Only) Table 32. Status Register Bits Page Table 32. Status Register Bits (Continued) 3-9 3.1.8 CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable (IE) Register Figure 35. CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable (IE) Register (TMS320C30 and TMS320C31) Notes: 1) xx = reserved bit, read as 0 2) R = read, W = write Table 33. IE Bits and Functions Table 33. IE Bits and Functions(Continued) 3.1.9 CPU Interrupt Flag (IF) Register 3-12 Figure 37. TMS320C30 CPU Interrupt Flag (IF) Register Figure 38. TMS320C31 CPU Interrupt Flag (IF) Register Figure 39. TMS320C32 CPU Interrupt Flag (IF) Register Table 34. IF Bits and Functions 3.1.9.1 Interrupt-Trap Table Pointer (ITTP) Interrupts Figure 310. Effective Base Address of the Interrupt-Trap Vector Table 3-15 Figure 311.Interrupt and Trap Vector Locations 3.1.10 I/O Flag (IOF) Register Figure 312. I/O Flag (IOF) Register Table 35. IOF Bits and Functions 3.1.11 Repeat-Counter (RC) and Block-Repeat (RS, RE) Registers 3.2 Other Registers Page Memory and the Instruction Cache Chapter 4 4.1 Memory 4.1.1 Memory Maps 4.1.1.1 TMS320C30 Memory Map Reset/Interrupt/Trap Vector Map 4-4 Figure 41. TMS320C30 Memory Maps 4.1.1.2 TMS320C31 Memory Map branches Reset/Interrupt/ Trap Vector Map 4-6 Figure 42. TMS320C31 Memory Maps 4.1.1.3 TMS320C32 Memory Map Interrupt-Trap Table Pointer (ITTP) Reset/Interrupt/Trap Vector Map 4-8 Figure 43. TMS320C32 Memory Maps 4.1.2 Peripheral Bus Memory Map 4.1.2.1 TMS320C30 Peripheral Bus Memory Map 4-10 Figure 44. TMS320C30 Peripheral Bus Memory-Mapped Registers 4-11 4.1.2.2 TMS320C31 Peripheral Bus Memory Map Figure 45. TMS320C31 Peripheral Bus Memory-Mapped Registers Page 4-13 Figure 46. TMS320C32 Peripheral Bus Memory-Mapped Registers 4.2 Reset/Interrupt/Trap Vector Map branch Interrupt-Trap Table Pointer (ITTP) 4-15 Figure 47. Reset, Interrupt, and Trap Vector Locations for the TMS320C30 Microprocessor Mode 4-16 Figure 48. Reset, Interrupt, and Trap Vector Locations for theTMS320C31 Microprocessor Mode Figure 49. Interrupt and Trap Branch Instructions for the TMS320C31 Microcomputer Mode 4-18 Figure 410. Interrupt and Trap Vector Locations for TMS320C32 4.3 Instruction Cache 4.3.1 Instruction-Cache Architecture Figure 411.Address Partitioning for Cache Control Algorithm Figure 412. Instruction-Cache Architecture 4.3.2 Instruction-Cache Algorithm cache miss cache hit align 4.3.3 Cache Control Bits Instruction Cache Table 41. Combined Effect of the CE and CF Bits Example 41. Pipeline Effects of Modifying the Cache Control Bits Data Formats and Floating-Point Operation Chapter 5 5.1 Integer Formats 5.1.1 Short-Integer Format si si, Figure 51. Short-Integer Format and Sign-Extension of Short Integers 5.2 Unsigned-Integer Formats 5.2.1 Short Unsigned-Integer Format si Figure 53. Short Unsigned-Integer Format and Zero Fill 5.2.2 Single-Precision Unsigned-Integer Format 5.3 Floating-Point Formats Figure 55. General Floating-Point Format 5.3.1 Short Floating-Point Format Figure 56. Short Floating-Point Format 5.3.2 TMS320C32 Short Floating-Point Format for External 16-Bit Data Figure 57. TMS320C32 Short Floating-Point Format for External 16-Bit Data 5.3.3 Single-Precision Floating-Point Format Figure 58. Single-Precision Floating-Point Format 5.3.4 Extended-Precision Floating-Point Format Figure 59. Extended-Precision Floating-Point Format 5.3.5 Determining the Decimal Equivalent of a TMS320C3x Floating-Point Format Example 51. Positive Number Floating-Point Formats Example 52. Negative Number Example 53. Fractional Number 5.3.6 Conversion Between Floating-Point Formats x y s Figure 510. Converting from Short Floating-Point Format to Single-Precision Floating-Point Format The 8 LSBs of the mantissa field are filled with 0s. The 8 LSBs of the mantissa field are truncated. 5.4 Floating-Point Conversion (IEEE Std. 754) Figure 514. IEEE Single-Precision Std. 754 Floating-Point Format Figure 515. TMS320C3x Single-Precision 2s-Complement Floating-Point Format ss.f s 5.4.1 Converting IEEE Format to 2s-Complement TMS320C3x Floating-Point Format Table 51. Converting IEEE Format to 2s-Complement Floating-Point Format Page 5.4.1.1 IEEE-to-TMS320C3x Floating-Point Format Conversion Example 54. IEEE-to-TMS320C3x Conversion (Fast Version) Example 54.IEEE-to-TMS320C3x Conversion (Fast Version) (Continued) Example 55. IEEE-to-TMS320C3x Conversion (Complete Version) 5-20 Example 55.IEEE-to-TMS320C3x Conversion (Complete Version) (Continued) NEG POPF R0 ; Load this as a flt. pt. number NEGF R0,R0 ; Negate if original sign negative RETS 5.4.2 Converting 2s-Complement TMS320C3x Floating-Point Format to IEEE Format Table 52. Converting 2s-Complement Floating-Point Format to IEEE Format 5.4.2.1 TMS320C3x-to-IEEE Floating-Point Format Conversion Example 56. TMS320C3x-to-IEEE Conversion (Fast Version) Example 56.TMS320C3x-to-IEEE Conversion (Fast Version) (Continued) Example 57. TMS320C3x-to-IEEE Conversion (Complete Version) Example 57.TMS320C3x-to-IEEE Conversion (Complete Version) (Continued) 5.5 Floating-Point Multiplication Page 5-28 Figure 516. Flowchart for Floating-Point Multiplication Example 58. Floating-Point Multiply (Both Mantissas = 2.0) 5-30 Example 59. Floating-Point Multiply (Both Mantissas = 1.5) 0001.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 y 2 01.00000000000000000000000 2( = 1.0 2 and Example 511. Floating-Point Multiply Between Positive and Negative Numbers ( = 128). exp = 0, 5.6 Floating-Point Addition and Subtraction Floating-Point Addition and Subtraction 5-33 Figure 517. Flowchart for Floating-Point Addition Example 513. Floating-Point Addition Example 514. Floating-Point Subtraction Example 515. Floating-Point Addition With a 32-Bit Shift Page 5.7 Normalization Using the NORM Instruction Example 517. NORM Instruction Normalization Using the NORM Instruction 5-38 Figure 518. Flowchart for NORM Instruction Operation 5.8 Rounding (RND Instruction) c Rounding (RND Instruction) 5-40 Figure 519. Flowchart for Floating-Point Rounding by the RND Instruction 5.9 Floating-Point to Integer Conversion (FIX Instruction) Floating-Point to Integer Conversion (FIX Instruction) 5-42 Figure 520. Flowchart for Floating-Point to Integer Conversion by FIX Instruction Integer to Floating-Point Conversion (FLOAT Instruction) 5-43 5.10 Integer to Floating-Point Conversion (FLOAT Instruction) Figure 521. Flowchart for Integer to Floating-Point Conversion by FLOAT Instruction 5.11 Fast Logarithms on a Floating-Point Device 5.11.1 Example of Fast Logarithm on a Floating-Point Device Table 53. Squaring Operation of F0 = 1.5 Figure 522. Tabulated Values for Mantissa ln 5.11.2 Points to Consider Fast Logarithms on a Floating-Point Device Figure 523. Fast Logarithm for FFT Displays Addressing Modes Chapter 6 6.1 Addressing Types Register Addressing Addressing Modes 6.2 Register Addressing In register addressing, a CPU register contains the operand, as shown in this example: Table 61. CPU Register Address/Assembler Syntax and Function 6.3 Direct Addressing Figure 61. Direct Addressing Example 61. Direct Addressing 6.4 Indirect Addressing Example 62. Auxiliary Register Indirect Figure 62. Indirect Addressing Operand Encoding Table 62. Indirect Addressing Table 62. Indirect Addressing (Continued) Example 63 through Example 619 show the operation for each type of indirect addressing. Example 63. Indirect Addressing With Predisplacement Add Example 64. Indirect Addressing With Predisplacement Subtract Example 65. Indirect Addressing With Predisplacement Add and Modify Example 66. Indirect Addressing With Predisplacement Subtract and Modify Example 67. Indirect Addressing With Postdisplacement Add and Modify Example 68. Indirect Addressing With Postdisplacement Subtract and Modify Example 69. Indirect Addressing With Postdisplacement Add and Circular Modify Example 610. Indirect Addressing With Postdisplacement Subtract and Circular Modify Example 611. Indirect Addressing With Preindex Add Example 612. Indirect Addressing With Preindex Subtract Example 613. Indirect Addressing With Preindex Add and Modify Example 614. Indirect Addressing With Preindex Subtract and Modify Example 615. Indirect Addressing With Postindex Add and Modify Example 616. Indirect Addressing With Postindex Subtract and Modify Example 617. Indirect Addressing With Postindex Add and Circular Modify Example 618. Indirect Addressing With Postindex Subtract and Circular Modify Example 619. Indirect Addressing With Postindex Add and Bit-Reversed Modify 6.5 Immediate Addressing Example 620. Short-Immediate Addressing Example 621. Long-Immediate Addressing 6.6 PC-Relative Addressing Example 622. PC-Relative Addressing Figure 63. Encoding for 24-Bit PC-Relative Addressing Mode 6.7 Circular Addressing Figure 64. Logical and Physical Representation of Circular Buffer Figure 65. Logical and Physical Representation of Circular Buffer after Writing Three Values Figure 66. Logical and Physical Representation of Circular Buffer after Writing Eight Values R Example 623. Examples of Formula K index Figure 67. Circular Buffer Implementation Example 624. Circular Addressing Figure 68. Data Structure for FIR Filters Circular Addressing Addressing Modes Example 625. FIR Filter Code Using Circular Addressing 6.8 Bit-Reversed Addressing R K Example 626. Bit-Reversed Addressing Table 63. Index Steps and Bit-Reversed Addressing 6.9 Aligning Buffers With the TMS320 Floating-Point DSP Assembly Language Tools 6.10 System and User Stack Management 6.10.1 System-Stack Pointer Figure 69. System Stack Configuration 6.10.2 Stacks Figure 610. Implementations of High-to-Low Memory Stacks Figure 611.Implementations of Low-to-High Memory Stacks 6.10.3 Queues Program Flow Control Chapter 7 7.1 Repeat Modes Table 71. Repeat-Mode Registers 7.1.1 Repeat-Mode Control Bits 7.1.2 Repeat-Mode Operation Example 71. Repeat-Mode Control Algorithm 7.1.3 RPTB Instruction Example 72. RPTB Operation 7.1.4 RPTS Instruction (src 7.1.5 Repeat-Mode Restrictions Example 73. Incorrectly Placed Standard Branch Example 74. Incorrectly Placed Delayed Branch 7.1.6 RC Register Value After Repeat Mode Completes Example 75. Pipeline Conflict in an RPTB Instruction 7.1.7 Nested Block Repeats 7.2 Delayed Branches Delayed Branches Example 76. Incorrectly Placed Delayed Branches Example 77. Delayed Branch Execution 7.3 Calls, Traps, and Returns Figure 71. CALL Response Timing 7.4 Interlocked Operations Table 72. Interlocked Operations External Memory Interface, Page 7.4.1 Interrupting Interlocked Operations 7.4.2 Using Interlocked Operations Pipeline Effects of Interlocked Instructions Example 78. Busy-Waiting Loop Example 79. Multiprocessor Counter Manipulation Figure 72. Multiple TMS320C3xs Sharing Global Memory Example 710. Implementation of V(S) Example 711. Implementation of P(S) Figure 73. Zero-Logic Interconnect of TMS320C3x Devices Example 712. Code to Synchronize Two TMS320C3x Devices at the Software Level 7.4.3 Pipeline Effects of Interlocked Instructions I/O Flag Register (IOF) Interlocked Operations Example 713. Pipeline Delay of XF Pin Configuration Example 714. Incorrect Use of Interlocked Instructions 7.5 Reset Operation Table 73. TMS320C3x Pin Operation at Reset Page Page Page C30 and C31 External-Memory Interface 7.6 Interrupts DMA and Interru pts Serial-Port Interrupt Sources Timer Inter- rupts 7.6.1 TMS320C30 and TMS320C31 Interrupt Vector Table Page Table 75. Reset, Interrupt, and Trap-Branch Locations for the TMS320C31 Microcomputer Boot Mode 7.6.2 TMS320C32 Interrupt Vector Table Figure 74.Effective Base Address of the Interrupt-Trap-Vector Table Table 76. Interrupt and Trap-Vector Locations for the TMS320C32 7.6.3 Interrupt Prioritization Table 77. Reset and Interrupt Vector Priorities 7.6.4 CPU Interrupt Control Bits 7.6.5 Interrupt Flag Register Behavior Figure 75. IF Register Modification 7.6.6 Interrupt Processing Figure 76. CPU Interrupt Processing 7.6.7 CPU Interrupt Latency Table 78. Interrupt Latency 7.6.8 External Interrupts CPU Interrupt Flag (IF) Register Figure 77. Interrupt Logic Functional Diagram 7.7 DMA Interrupts 7.7.1 DMA Interrupt Control Bits CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable Register (IE) DMA Registers 7.7.2 DMA Interrupt Processing Figure 78.DMA Interrupt Processing DMA Interrupts 7.7.3 CPU/DMA Interaction Figure 79. Parallel CPU and DMA Interrupt Processing 7.7.4 TMS320C3x Interrupt Considerations decode read Table 79. Pipeline Operation with PUSH ST Table 710. Pipeline Operation with Load Followed by Interrupt Example 715. Pending Interrupt 7.7.5 TMS320C30 Interrupt Considerations false true, Page Page 7.8 Traps 7.8.1 Initialization of Traps and Interrupts 7.8.2 Operation of Traps Figure 710. Flow of Traps Page 7.9 Power Management Modes 7.9.1 IDLE2 Power-Down Mode Figure 711.IDLE2 Timing Power Management Modes Figure 712. Interrupt Response Timing After IDLE2 Operation 7.9.2 LOPOWER Power Management Modes Figure 713. LOPOWER Timing Figure 714. MAXSPEED Timing Pipeline Operation Chapter 8 8.1 Pipeline Structure Figure 81. TMS320C3x Pipeline Structure Page 8.2 Pipeline Conflicts nop 8.2.1 Branch Conflicts Example 81. Standard Branch Example 82. Delayed Branch 8.2.2 Register Conflicts Example 83. Write to an AR Followed by an AR for Address Generation Example 84. A Read of ARs Followed by ARs for Address Generation 8.2.3 Memory Conflicts Memory Access for Maximum Performance 8.2.3.1 Program Wait Example 85. Program Wait Until CPU Data Access Completes Example 86. Program Wait Due to Multicycle Access 8.2.3.2 Program Fetch Incomplete Example 87. Multicycle Program Memory Fetches 8.2.3.3 Execute Only Pipeline Conflicts Example 88. Single Store Followed by Two Reads STFR 0,*AR1 ; R0 *AR1 LDF *AR2,R1 ; *AR2 R1 in parallel with LDF *AR3,R2 ; *AR3 Example 89. Parallel Store Followed by Single Read Example 810. Interlocked Load 8.2.3.4 Hold Everything Pipeline Conflicts Example 811. Busy External Port STF R0,@DMA1 LDF @DMA2,R0 Example 812. Multicycle Data Reads Example 813. Conditional Calls and Traps 8.3 Resolving Register Conflicts Example 814. Address Generation Update of an AR Followed by an AR for Address Generation Example 815. Write to an AR Followed by an AR for Address Generation Without a Pipeline Conflict Example 816. Write to DP Followed by a Direct Memory Read Without a Pipeline Conflict 8.4 Memory Access for Maximum Performance Table 81. One Program Fetch and One Data Access for Maximum Performance Memory Access for Maximum Performance Table 82. One Program Fetch and Two Data Accesses for Maximum Performance 8.5 Clocking Memory Accesses Figure 82. Minor Clock Periods 8.5.1 Program Fetches 8.5.2 Data Loads and Stores 8.5.2.1 2-Operand Instruction Memory Accesses Figure 83. 2-Operand Instruction Word 8.5.2.2 3-Operand Instruction Memory Reads Figure 84. 3-Operand Instruction Word Page Clocking Memory Accesses Example 817. Dummy sr2 Read STI R0,*AR6 ; AR6 points to MSTRB space ADDI3 *AR1,*AR3,R0 ; AR3 points to on-chip RAM ( 1) ; AR1 points to MSTRB space ( 2) Clocking Memory Accesses Example 818. Operand Swapping Alternative Switch the operands of the 3-operand instruction so that the internal read is performed first. STI R0,*AR6 ; AR6 points to MSTRB space ADDI3 *AR3,*AR1,R0 ; AR3 points to on-chip RAM ( 2) ; AR1 points to MSTRB space ( 1) Figure 85. Multiply or CPU Operation With a Parallel Store Figure 86. Two Parallel Stores Figure 87. Parallel Multiplies and Adds TMS320C30 and TMS320C31 External-Memory Interface Chapter 9 Enhanced External-Memory Interface 9.1 Overview 9.2 Memory Interface Signals 9.2.1 TMS320C30 Memory Interface Signals 9.2.2 TMS320C31 Memory Interface Signals Table 91. Primary Bus Interface Signals Table 92. Expansion Bus Interface Signals 9-6 Figure 91. Memory-Mapped External Interface Control Registers 9.3 Memory Interface Control Registers 9.3.1 Primary-Bus Control Register Figure 92. Primary-Bus Control Register Memory Interface Control Registers Table 93. Primary-Bus Control Register Bits 9.3.2 Expansion-Bus Control Register Figure 93. Expansion-Bus Control Register Table 94. Expansion-Bus Control Register Bits 9.4 Programmable Wait States Programmable Wait States Table 95. Wait-State Generation 9.5 Programmable Bank Switching Figure 94. BNKCMP Example Table 96. BNKCMP and Bank Size Page Figure 95. Bank-Switching Example 9.6 External Memory Interface Timing 9.6.1 Primary-Bus Cycles Page 9-17 Figure 96. Read-Read-Write for (M)STRB = 0 Note: Back-to-Back Read Operations (M)STRB remains low during back-to-back read operations. Figure 97. Write-Write-Read for (M)STRB = 0 Figure 98. Use of Wait States for Read for (M)STRB = 0 Figure 99. Use of Wait States for Write for (M)STRB = 0 9.6.2 Expansion-Bus I/O Cycles Figure 910. Read and Write for IOSTRB = 0 Figure 911.Read With One Wait State for IOSTRB = 0 Figure 912. Write With One Wait State for IOSTRB = 0 9-24 Figure 913. Memory Read and I/O Write for Expansion Bus 9-25 Figure 914. Memory Read and I/O Read for Expansion Bus Figure 915. Memory Write and I/O Write for Expansion Bus Figure 916. Memory Write and I/O Read for Expansion Bus Figure 917. I/O Write and Memory Write for Expansion Bus Figure 918. I/O Write and Memory Read for Expansion Bus 9-30 Figure 919. I/O Read and Memory Write for Expansion Bus Figure 920. I/O Read and Memory Read for Expansion Bus 9-32 Figure 921. I/O Write and I/O Read for Expansion Bus Figure 922. I/O Write and I/O Write for Expansion Bus Figure 923. I/O Read and I/O Read for Expansion Bus Figure 924. Inactive Bus States for IOSTRB Figure 925. Inactive Bus States for STRB and MSTRB 9.6.3 Hold Cycles Figure 926. HOLD and HOLDA Timing TMS320C32 Enhanced External Memory Interface Chapter 10 10.1 TMS320C32 Memory Features 10.2 TMS320C32 Memory Overview 10.2.1 External Memory Interface Overview Figure 101. Memory Address Spaces 10.2.2 Program Memory Access Figure 102. Status Register 10.2.3 Data Memory Access 10.2.3.1 8-, 16-, or 32-Bit Integers Data Types Page 10.3 Configuration 10.3.1 External Interface Control Registers Figure 103. Memory-Mapped External Interface Control Registers 10.3.1.1 STRB0 Control Register Figure 104. STRB0 Control Register 10.3.1.2 STRB1 Control Register Figure 105. STRB1 Control Register 10.3.1.3 IOSTRB Control Register Figure 106. IOSTRB Control Register Table 101 describes the bits in the STRBO, STRB1, and the IOSTRB control registers. Table 101. STRB0, STRB1, and IOSTRB Control Register Bits Configuration Table 101. STRB0, STRB1, and IOSTRB Control Register Bits (Continued) Configuration Figure 107. STRB Configuration 10.3.2 Using Physical Memory Width and Data-Type Size Fields Table 102. Data-Access Sequence for a Memory Configuration with Two Banks 10.4 Programmable Wait States Programmable Wait States Table 103. Wait-State Generation 10.5 Programmable Bank Switching Figure 108. BNKCMP Example Table 104. BNKCMP and Bank Size Figure 109. Bank-Switching Example Page 10.6 32-Bit-Wide Memory Interface Figure 1010. TMS320C32 External Memory Interface for 32-Bit SRAMs Case 1: 32-Bit-Wide Memory With 8-Bit Data-Type Size 10-21 Table 105. Strobe Byte-Enable for 32-Bit-Wide Memory With 8-Bit Data-Type Size A Active Strobe Byte Enable 0 0 STRBx_B0 0 1 STRBx_B1 1 0 STRBx_B2 1 1 STRBx_B3 Figure 1011. Functional Diagram for 8-Bit Data-Type Size and 32-Bit External-Memory Table 106. Example of 8-Bit Data-Type Size Case 2: 32-Bit-Wide Memory With 16-Bit Data-Type Size Table 107. Strobe Byte-Enable for 32-Bit-Wide Memory With 16-Bit Data-Type Size 10-23 Figure 1012. Functional Diagram for 16-Bit Data-Type Size and 32-Bit External-Memory Width Address Pins Active Strobe Byte Enable Accessed Address Bus External Table 108. Example of 16-Bit Data-Type Size and 32-Bit-Wide External Memory 10-24 Case 3: 32-Bit-Wide Memory With 32-Bit Data-Type Size Figure 1013. Functional Diagram for 32-Bit Data Size and 32-Bit External-Memory Width Table 109. Example of 32-Bit-Wide Memory With 32-Bit Data-Type Size 10.7 16-Bit-Wide Memory Interface Figure 1014. External-Memory Interface for 16-Bit SRAMs Case 4: 16-Bit-Wide Memory With 8-Bit Data-Type Size Table 1010. Strobe-Byte Enable Behavior for 16-Bit-Wide Memory with 8-Bit Data-Type Size Figure 1015. Functional Diagram for 8-Bit Data-Type Size and 16-Bit External-Memory Width the pins listed in Table 1011. Table 1011. Example of 8-Bit Data-Type Size and 16-Bit-Wide External Memory Case 5: 16-Bit-Wide Memory With 16-Bit Data-Type Size Figure 1016. Functional Diagram for 16-Bit Data-Type Size and 16-Bit External-Memory the pins listed in Table 1012. Table 1012. Example of 16-Bit-Wide Memory With 16-Bit Data-Type Size Case 6: 16-Bit-Wide Memory with 32-Bit Data-Type Size the pins listed in Table 1013. Figure 1017. Functional Diagram for 32-Bit Data-Type Size and 16-Bit External-Memory Table 1013. Example of 16-Bit-Wide Memory With 32-Bit Data-Type Size 10.8 8-Bit-Wide Memory Interface Figure 1018. External Memory Interface for 8-Bit SRAMs Case 7: 8-Bit-Wide Memory With 8-Bit Data-Type Size Figure 1019. Functional Diagram for 8-Bit Data-Type Size and 8-Bit External-Memory Table 1014. Example of 8-Bit-Wide Memory With 8-Bit Data-Type Size Case 8: 8-Bit Wide Memory With 16-Bit Data-Type Size Figure 1020. Functional Diagram for 16-Bit Data-Type Size and 8-Bit External-Memory Table 1015. Example of 8-Bit-Wide Memory With 16-Bit Data-Type Size Case 9: 8-Bit-Wide Memory With 32-Bit Data-Type Size Figure 1021. Functional Diagram for 32-Bit Data-Type Size and 8-Bit External-Memory Table 1016. Example of 32-Bit Data-Type Size and 8-Bit-Wide Memory 10.9 External Ready Timing Improvement Figure 1022. RDY Timing for Memory Read 10.10 Bus Timing TMS320C32 Data Sheet 10.10.1 STRB0 and STRB1 Bus Cycles 10-40 Figure 1023. Read-Read-Write Sequence for STRBx Active Figure 1024. Write-Write-Read Sequence for STRBx Active Figure 1025. One Wait-State Read Sequence for STRBx Active Figure 1026. One Wait-State Write Sequence for STRBx Active 10.10.2 IOSTRB Bus Cycles Figure 1027. Zero Wait-State Read and Write Sequence for IOSTRB Active 10-44 Figure 1028. One Wait-State Read Sequence for IOSTRB Active Figure 1029. One Wait-State Write Sequence for IOSTRB Active 10-45 Figure 1030. STRBx Read and IOSTRB Write Figure 1031. STRBx Read and IOSTRB Read 10-46 Figure 1032. STRBx Write and IOSTRB Write Figure 1033. STRBx Write and IOSTRB Read Figure 1034. IOSTRB Write and STRBx Write 10-48 Figure 1035. IOSTRB Write and STRBx Read Figure 1036. IOSTRB Read and STRBx Write 10-49 Figure 1037. IOSTRB Read and STRBx Read Figure 1038 through Figure 1040 illustrate the transitions between reads and writes. 10-50 Figure 1038. IOSTRB Write and Read Figure 1039. IOSTRB Write and Write 10-51 Figure 1040. IOSTRB Read and Read 10.10.3 Inactive Bus States Figure 1041. Inactive Bus States Following IOSTRB Bus Cycle Figure 1042. Inactive Bus States Following STRBx Bus Cycle Page 11.1 TMS320C31 Boot Loader 11.1.1 TMS320C31 Boot-Loader Description Serial Ports 11.1.2 TMS320C31 Boot-Loader Mode Selection 11-3 Table 111. Boot-Loader Mode Selection Figure 111.TMS320C31 Boot-Loader Mode-Selection Flowchart 11.1.3 TMS320C31 Boot-Loading Sequence 11-5 Figure 112.Boot-Loader Memory-Load Flowchart 11-6 Figure 113.Boot-Loader Serial-Port Load-Mode Flowchart 11.1.4 TMS320C31 Boot Data Stream Structure Table 112. Source Data Stream Structure j 11.1.4.1 Examples of External TMS320C31 Memory Loads Table 113. Byte-Wide Configured Memory Table 114. 16-Bit-Wide Configured Memory Table 115. 32-Bit-Wide Configured Memory 11.1.4.2 Serial-Port Loading 11.1.5 Interrupt and Trap-Vector Mapping Table 116. TMS320C31 Interrupt and Trap Memory Maps 11.1.6 TMS320C31 Boot-Loader Precautions 11.2 TMS320C32 Boot Loader 11.2.1 TMS320C32 Boot-Loader Description 11.2.2 TMS320C32 Boot-Loader Mode Selection Table 117. Boot-Loader Mode Selection 11.2.3 TMS320C32 Boot-Loading Sequence Page 11-17 Figure 114.TMS320C32 Boot-Loader Mode-Selection Flowchart Figure 115.Boot-Loader Serial-Port Load Flowchart Figure 116.Boot-Loader Memory-Load Flowchart Figure 117.Handshake Data-Transfer Operation 11.2.4 TMS320C32 Boot Data Stream Structure Table 118. Source Data Stream Structure x Table 118. Source Data Stream Structure (Continued) 11.2.5 Boot-Loader Hardware Interface Figure 118. External Memory Interface for Source Data Stream Memory Boot Load 11.2.6 TMS320C32 Boot-Loader Precautions Page Peripherals Chapter 12 12.1 Timers Figure 121. Timer Block Diagram 12.1.1 Timer Pins 12.1.2 Timer Control Registers Figure 122. Memory-Mapped Timer Locations 12.1.3 Timer Global-Control Register Figure 123. Timer Global-Control Register Table 121. Timer Global-Control Register Bits Summary Timer Operation Modes Table 121. Timer Global-Control Register Bits Summary (Continued) Timer Operation Modes 12.1.4 Timer-Period and Counter Registers 12.1.5 Timer Pulse Generation Figure 124. Timer Timing f(pulse mode) f(timer clock) / ( f(timer clock) / period register f(clock mode) period register) Example 121. Timer Output Generation Examples 12.1.6 Timer Operation Modes 12.1.6.1 CLKSRC = 1 and FUNC = 0 Figure 125. Timer Configuration with CLKSRC = 1 and FUNC = 0 12.1.6.2 CLKSRC = 1 and FUNC = 1 Figure 126. Timer Configuration with CLKSRC = 1 and FUNC = 1 12.1.6.3 CLKSRC = 0 and FUNC = 0 Figure 127. Timer Configuration with CLKSRC = 0 and FUNC = 0 12.1.6.4 CLKSRC = 0 and FUNC = 1 Figure 128. Timer Configuration with CLKSRC = 0 and FUNC = 1 12.1.7 Using TCLKx as General-Purpose I/O Pins Figure 129. TCLK as an Input (I/O = 0) Figure 1210. TCLK as an Output (I/O = 1) 12.1.8 Timer Interrupts 12.1.9 Timer Initialization/Reconfiguration Example 122. Maximum Frequency Timer Clock Setup 12.2 Serial Ports 12-16 Figure 1211. Serial Port Block Diagram Figure 1212. Memory-Mapped Locations for the Serial Ports 12.2.1 Serial-Port Global-Control Register Figure 1213. Serial-Port Global-Control Register Table 122. Serial-Port Global-Control Register Bits Summary Page Page Page 12.2.2 FSX/DX/CLKX Port-Control Register Figure 1214. FSX/DX/CLKX Port-Control Register Table 123. FSX/DX/CLKX Port-Control Register Bits Summary Table 123. FSX/DX/CLKX Port-Control Register Bits Summary (Continued) 12.2.3 FSR/DR/CLKR Port-Control Register Figure 1215. FSR/DR/CLKR Port-Control Register Table 124. FSR/DR/CLKR Port-Control Register Bits Summary 12.2.4 Receive/Transmit Timer-Control Register Figure 1216. Receive/Transmit Timer-Control Register Table 125. Receive/Transmit Timer-Control Register Register Bits Summary Page Table 125. Receive/Transmit Timer-Control Register Register Bits Summary (Continued) 12.2.5 Receive/Transmit Timer-Counter Register It is also set to 0 at reset. Figure 1217. Receive/Transmit Timer-Counter Register 12.2.6 Receive/Transmit Timer-Period Register cleared to 0 at reset Figure 1218. Receive/Transmit Timer-Period Register 12.2.7 Data-Transmit Register Figure 1219. Transmit Buffer Shift Operation Figure 1220. Receive Buffer Shift Operation 12.2.9 Serial-Port Operation Configurations 12-30 Figure 1221. Serial-Port Clocking in I/O Mode Figure 1222. Serial-Port Clocking in Serial-Port Mode 12.2.10 Serial-Port Timing Page 12.2.10.1 Continuous Transmit and Receive Modes 12.2.10.2 Handshake Mode Figure 1223. Data Word Format in Handshake Mode Figure 1224. Single 0 Sent as an Acknowledge Bit Figure 1225. Direct Connection Using Handshake Mode 12.2.11 Serial-Port Interrupt Sources 12.2.12 Serial-Port Functional Operation 12.2.12.1 Fixed Data-Rate Timing Operation Figure 1226. Fixed Burst Mode Figure 1227. Fixed Standard Mode With Back-to-Back Frame Sync Figure 1228. Fixed Continuous Mode Without Frame Sync Figure 1229. Exiting Fixed Continuous Mode Without Frame Sync, FSX Internal 12.2.12.2 Variable Data-Rate Timing Operation Figure 1230. Variable Burst Mode Serial-Port Functional Operation Figure 1231. Variable Standard Mode With Back-to-Back Frame Syncs N Figure 1232. Variable Continuous Mode Without Frame Sync 12.2.13 Serial-Port Initialization/Reconfiguration 12.2.14 TMS320C3x Serial-Port Interface Examples 12.2.14.1 Handshake Mode Example Example 123. Serial-Port Register Setup #1 Timers Example 124. Serial-Port Register Setup #1 Example 125. Serial-Port Register Setup #2 12.2.14.2 CPU Transfer With Serial Port Transmit Polling Method Example 126. CPU Transfer With Serial Port Transmit Polling Method 12.2.14.3 DMA Transfer With Serial Port Interrupt 12.2.14.4 Serial Analog Interface Chips Interface Example Figure 1233. TMS320C3x Zero-Glue-Logic Interface to TLC320C4x Example 12.2.14.5 Serial Analog-to-Digital (A/D) and Digital-to-Analog (D/A) Interface Example Example 127. TMS320C3x Zero-Glue-Logic Interface to Burr Brown A/D and D/A Page 12.3 DMA Controller 12.3.1 DMA Functional Description 12.3.1.1 TMS320C30 and TMS320C31 DMA Controller 12.3.1.2 TMS320C32 Two-Channel DMA Controller 12.3.2 DMA Basic Operation and Figure 1234. DMA Basic Operation 12.3.3 DMA Registers Figure 1235. Memory-Mapped Locations for DMA Channels 12-53 12.3.3.1 DMA Global-Control Register Figure 1236. TMS320C30 and TMS320C31 DMA Global-Control Register Figure 1237. TMS320C32 DMA0 Global-Control Register Figure 1238. TMS320C32 DMA1 Global-Control Register Table 126. DMA Global-Control Register Bits Summary Page Table 126. DMA Global-Control Register Bits Summary (Continued) 12.3.3.2 Destination-Address and Source-Address Registers Figure 1239. DMA Controller Address Generation 12.3.3.3 Transfer-Counter Register Figure 1240. Transfer-Counter Operation 12.3.4 CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable Register 12-60 Figure 1241. TMS320C30 and TMS320C31 CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable Register xx EDINT ETINT1 ETINT0 ERINT1 EXINT1 Notes: 1) R = read, W = write 2) xx = reserved bit, read as 0 Figure 1242. TMS320C32 CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable Register Notes: 1) R = read, W = write 2) xx = reserved bit, read as 0 Table 127. CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable Register Bits Table 127. CPU/DMA Interrupt-Enable Register Bits (Continued) 12.3.5 TMS320C32 DMA Internal Priority Schemes 12.3.5.1 Fixed Priority Scheme 12.3.5.2 Rotating Priority Scheme 12.3.6 CPU and DMA Controller Arbitration Clocking Memory Access, Table 128.TMS320C32 DMA PRI Bits and CPU/DMA Arbitration Rules 12.3.7 DMA and Interrupts Interrupt Vector Table and Prioritization 12.3.7.1 Interrupts and Synchronization of DMA Channels Figure 1243. Mechanism for No DMA Synchronization Figure 1244. Mechanism for DMA Source Synchronization Figure 1245. Mechanism for DMA Destination Synchronization Figure 1246. Mechanism for DMA Source and Destination Synchronization 12.3.8 DMA Memory Transfer Timing 12.3.8.1 Single DMA Memory Transfer Timing T 12-69 Figure 1247. DMA Timing When Destination is On Chip C 12-70 Figure 1248. DMA Timing When Destination is an STRB, STRB0, STRB1, MSTRB Bus 12-71 Figure 1248. DMA Timing When Destination is an STRB, STRB0, STRB1, MSTRB Bus (Continued) Write followed by read incurs in one extra half-cycle. 12-72 Figure 1249. DMA Timing When Destination is an IOSTRB Bus Write followed by read incurs in one extra cycle. 12.3.9 DMA Initialization/Reconfiguration 12.3.10 Hints for DMA Programming 12.3.11 DMA Programming Examples .text .bss .data .text Example 128. Array Initialization With DMA 12-76 Example 129. DMA Transfer With Serial-Port Receive Interrupt Example 1210. DMA Transfer With Serial-Port Transmit Interrupt Example 1210. DMA Transfer With Serial-Port Transmit Interrupt (Continued) Page Assembly Language Instructions Chapter 13 Optional Assembler Syntax 13.1 Instruction Set 13.1.1 Load and Store Instructions Table 131. Load and Store Instructions Instruction Set 13.1.2 2-Operand Instructions Table 132. 2-Operand Instructions 13.1.3 3-Operand Instructions Table 133. 3-Operand Instructions 13.1.4 Program-Control Instructions Table 134. Program-Control Instructions 13.1.5 Low-Power Control Instructions Table 135. Low-Power Control Instructions 13.1.6 Interlocked-Operations Instructions Table 136. Interlocked-Operations Instructions 13.1.7 Parallel-Operations Instructions Table 137. Parallel Instructions Instruction Set Table 137. Parallel Instructions (Continued) (a) Parallel arithmetic with store instructions (Continued) Table 137. Parallel Instructions (Continued) 13.1.8 Illegal Instructions 13.2 Instruction Set Summary Table 138. Instruction Set Summary Page Page Page Instruction Set Summary Instruction Set Summary Page 13.3 Parallel Instruction Set Summary Table 139. Parallel Instruction Set Summary Page Table 139. Parallel Instruction Set Summary (Continued) 13.4 Group Addressing Mode Instruction Encoding 13.4.1 Figure 131 shows the encoding for the general addressing modes. The notation mod indicates the modification field that goes with the AR field. Refer to Table 1310 on page 13-22 for further information. Figure 131. Encoding for General Addressing Modes Table 1310. Indirect Addressing Table 1310. Indirect Addressing (Continued) 13.4.2 3-Operand Addressing Modes operation 3 modm modn Figure 132. Encoding for 3-Operand Addressing Modes 13.4.3 Parallel Addressing Modes Figure 133. Encoding for Parallel Addressing Modes Figure 134. Encoding for Extended Parallel Addressing Instructions 13.4.4 Conditional-Branch Addressing Modes Figure 135. Encoding for Conditional-Branch Addressing Modes (c) CALL (b) B (a) DB 13.5 Condition Codes and Flags Table 1311. Output Value Formats Individual Instruction Descriptions, Figure 136. Status Register Condition Codes and Flags Table 1312. Condition Codes and Flags (a) Unconditional compares (b) Unsigned compares C AND Z (c) Signed compares Table 1312. Condition Codes and Flags (Continued) (d) Compare to zero N AND (e) Compare to condition flags 13.6 Individual Instructions Software Applications TMS320C3x General- Purpose Applications Users Guide 13.6.1 Symbols and Abbreviations Table 1313. Instruction Symbols 13.6.2 Optional Assembler Syntax is equivalent to label assembles to next source line is not legal. or Individual Instructions Use the syntax in Table 1314 to designate CPU registers in operands. Note the alternate notation R Table 1314. CPU Register Syntax Page Page Page Page ABSF Page ABSF||STF Page ABSI Page ABSI||STI ADDC Page ADDC3 Add Integer With Carry, 3-Operand See Section 8.5.2, 13-50 Page ADDF Add Floating-Point Values 13-52 Example ADDF *AR4++(IR1),R5 Page ADDF3 Add Floating Point, 3-Operand See Section 8.5.2, 13-54 Page ADDF3||STF ADDI ADDI3 Add Integer, 3-Operand ADDl3 13-59 Assembly Language Instructions Example 1 ADDI3 R4,R7,R5 See Section 8.5.2, ADDI3||STI ADDl3||STI AND Page AND3 Bitwise-Logical AND, 3-Operand See Section 8.5.2, 13-64 Page AND3||STI Page ANDN Bitwise-Logical AND With Complement 13-68 Example ANDN @980Ch,R2 Page ANDN3 Bitwise-Logical ANDN, 3-Operand See Section 8.5.2, 13-70 Page ASH Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Bcond Page BcondD BR src Pipeline Con- flicts BRD CALL CALLcond Call Subroutine Conditionally CALLcond 13-87 Assembly Language Instructions Example CALLNZ R5 CMPF Compare Floating-Point Value CMPF 13-89 Assembly Language Instructions Example CMPF *+AR4,R6 Page CMPF3 CMPI src, dst dst src dst Page CMPI3 Page DBcond Page DBcondD Page FIX Floating-Point-to-Integer Conversion 13-100 Example FIX R1,R2 Page FIX||STI Page FLOAT Integer-to-Floating-Point Conversion 13-104 Example FLOAT *++AR2(2),R5 Page FLOAT||STF Page IACK Interrupt Acknowledge 13-108 Example IACK *AR5 IDLE Page IDLE2 LDE Load Floating-Point Exponent LDE 13-113 Assembly Language Instructions Example LDE R0,R5 LDF Page LDFcond Load Floating-Point Value Conditionally 13-116 Example LDFZ R3,R5 Page LDFI Load Floating-Point Value, Interlocked 13-118 Example LDFI *+AR2,R7 Page LDF||LDF Page LDF||STF Page LDI Load Integer 13-124 Example LDI *AR1(IR0),R5 Page LDIcond Page LDII Load Integer, Interlocked 13-128 Example LDII @985Fh,R3 Page LDI||LDI Page LDI||STI LDM LDP src, src LOPOWER H1/16 Page LSH Page Page Page Page Page Parallel LSH3 and STI 13-143 Assembly Language Instructions Example 1 LSH3 R2,*++AR3(1),R0 ||STI R4,*AR5 Page MAXSPEED H1/16 H1 MPYF Page MPYF3 Multiply Floating-Point Value, 3-Operand See Section 8.5.2, 13-148 Page Page Page Page Page MPYF3||STF Page Page Page Page Page MPYI Multiply Integer 13-160 Example MPYI R1,R5 Page MPYI3 Multiply Integer, 3-Operand See Section 8.5.2, 13-162 Page Page srcA srcD src1 src4 Note: Cycle Count MPYl3||ADDl3 Page MPYI3||STI Page Page srcA srcB srcD srcC src4, src1 + src2 Note: Cycle Count srcA srcD src1, src4 + src2 Page NEGB src dst , src dst NEGF Negate Floating-Point Value NEGF 13-175 Assembly Language Instructions Example NEGF *++AR3(2),R1 Page NEGF||STF NEGI Page NEGI||STI NOP NORM Normalize NORM 13-183 Assembly Language Instructions Example NORM R1,R2 NOT Bitwise-Logical Complement NOT 13-185 Assembly Language Instructions Example NOT @982Ch,R4 Page NOT||STI OR Bitwise-Logical OR OR 13-189 Assembly Language Instructions Example OR *++AR1(IR1),R2 Page OR3 Page OR3||STI POP POPF PUSH PUSHF RETIcond Return From Interrupt Conditionally RETIcond 13-199 Assembly Language Instructions Example RETINZ RETScond Return From Subroutine Conditionally RETScond 13-201 Assembly Language Instructions Example RETSGE Page RND ROL Page ROLC Example 2 ROLC R3 ROR RORC Page RPTB Page RPTS SIGI STF STFI Page Page STF||STF STI STII Page STI||STI SUBB Page SUBB3 SUBC Subtract Integer Conditionally SUBC 13-227 Assembly Language Instructions Example 1 SUBC @98C5h,R1 Example 2 SUBC 3000,R0 (3000 = 0BB8h) SUBF Subtract Floating-Point Value SUBF 13-229 Assembly Language Instructions Example SUBF *AR0(IR0),R5 SUBF3 Subtract Floating-Point Value, 3-Operand SUBF3 13-231 Assembly Language Instructions Example 1 SUBF3 *AR0(IR0),*AR1,R4 See subsection 8.5.2, SUBF3||STF Parallel SUBF3 and STF SUBF3||STF 13-233 Assembly Language Instructions Example SUBF3 R1,*AR4(IR1),R0 || STF R7,*+AR5(IR0) See subsection 8.5.2, SUBI Page SUBI3 Subtract Integer, 3-Operand See subsection 8.5.2, 13-236 Page SUBI3||STI Parallel SUBI3 and STI See subsection 8.5.2, 13-238 SUBRB SUBRF SUBRI SWI Page TRAPcond Trap Conditionally 13-244 Example TRAPZ 16 Page TSTB Test Bit Fields 13-246 Example TSTB *AR4(1),R5 Page TSTB3 Test Bit Fields, 3-Operand See subsection 8.5.2, 13-248 XOR XOR3 Bitwise-Exclusive OR, 3-Operand XOR3 13-251 Assembly Language Instructions Example 1 XOR3 *AR3++(IR0),R7,R4 See subsection 8.5.2, Page XOR3||STI Instruction Opcodes Table A1. TMS320C3x Instruction Opcodes Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page C.1 Boot-Loader Source Code Description Boot-Loader Source Code Description C-3 TMS320C32 Boot Loader Source Code Figure C1. Boot-Loader Flow Chart C.2 Boot-Loader Source Code Listing Page Page Page Page Page Page Appendix A Appendix D Glossary Auxiliary-register arithmetic unit. Arithmetic logic unit. A Auxiliary-register arithmetic unit. C See also LD0LD31 Central processing unit D program address generation logic. E F First-in, first-out buffer. H I Interrupt acknowledge signal Least significant bit. interrupt-trap table pointer Interrupt service routine M CPU cycle Nonmaskable interrupt Most significant bit. Millions of floating point operations per second O P See read/write pin Program counte R S T W X See also A0A23 See also D0D31 Z Index A Page B C D E F G H I algorithm 4-21 TMS320C32 2-16 L M N O P definition D-6 memory-mapped registers peripherals on Page Q R S T expansion bus I/O cycles 9-219-36 primary bus cycles 9-159-20 compared 1-5 U V W X Z