6.Enhanced neighbor discovery mechanism: The IPv6 neighbor discovery protocol is a group of Internet control message protocol version 6 (ICMPv6) messages that manages the information exchange between neighbor nodes on the same link. The group of ICMPv6 messages takes the place of Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) message, Internet Control Message Protocol version 4 (ICMPv4) router discovery message, and ICMPv4 redirection message to provide a series of other functions.
Introduction to IPv6 address
1.IPv6 address format
An IPv6 address is represented as a series of
To simplify the representation of IPv6 addresses, zeros in IPv6 addresses can be handled as follows:
Leading zeros in each group can be removed. For example, the
Two colons (::) may be used to compress successive hexadecimal fields of zeros at the beginning, middle, or end of an IPv6 address. For example, the
Note:
Two colons (::) can be used only once in an IPv6 address, usually to represent the longest successive hexadecimal fields of zeros. If two colons are used more than once, the device is unable to determine how many zeros
An IPv6 address consists of two parts: address prefix and interface ID. The address prefix and the interface ID are respectively equivalent to the network ID and the host ID in an IPv4 address.
An IPv6 address prefix is represented in "IPv6 address/prefix length" format, where "IPv6 address" is an IPv6 address in any of the
2.IPv6 address classification
IPv6 addresses fall into three types: unicast address, multicast address, and anycast address.
Unicast address: An identifier for a single interface, on a single node. A packet that is sent to a unicast address is delivered to the interface identified by that address.
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