Appendix

Recording Methods

Disc-at-Once (DAO)

This method is used to write all data onto a disc in one operation. This method writes multiple pieces of data successively without placing a space between them, starting with the innermost track of the disc. Once data is recorded by this method, no data can be added to the same disc even if there is enough space left on it. This method is very useful for making a backup copy of an entire CD.

Example: Ordinary CD-ROM

0

 

 

 

Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One track

 

 

No data can

 

be added even if

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One session

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

there is free space left on the disc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lead-in

Lead-out

Example: Audio CD

0

 

Audio

 

Audio

 

 

Audio

 

Audio

 

 

Audio

 

 

Audio

 

Audio

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

data

 

 

data

 

 

data

 

 

data

 

 

data

 

 

data

 

 

data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Track 1

 

Track 2

 

Track 3

 

Track 4

 

Track 5

 

Track 6

 

Track 7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

No data can be added even

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

if there is free space left on

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

One session

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

the disc.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lead-in

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lead-out

Lead-in and lead-out

These refer to signals written on a disc to indicate the start and end points of a session, respectively.

These signals are not included in the data, but are written in the same session as session management information. In other words, a session is made up of a lead-in, data, and a lead-out.

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