Yamaha DX200 Harmonics

119

FM Tone Generation

Appendix

Most sounds are made up of multiple tones that are different than the pitch (frequency). Within these multi-

ple tones, the one that determines the pitch of the entire sound is called the fundamental tone (fundamental

frequency). All the tones besides the fundamental tone are called harmonics or overtones.

When all the harmonics that are related to a particular fundamental tone are arranged in order, it is called a

harmonic series. Each tone in the harmonic series is given a name in order, with the fundamental tone being

one, followed by the second harmonic, third harmonic and so on.

The frequency of each harmonic in the harmonic series is a natural number multiple of the frequency of the

fundamental tone. Overtones that have frequencies that are not natural number multiples of the fundamental

are called unharmonic overtones.

Generally, the more harmonics the tone has, the brighter the sound. On the other hand, if the amount of har-

monics is reduced, the tone will sound darker. Furthermore, the voice will change a lot according to the type

and volume of the harmonics. For example, if there are a lot of high pitched harmonics in the tone, it will

have a brilliant, crisp sound. On the other hand, a tone with a large amount of lower harmonics will have a

rather “fat,” warm sound.

Harmonics

Harmonics

Level

Waveform

Time

Natural Harmonic Series

(when C1 is the fundamental tone)

Eighth Harmonic

Seventh Harmonic

Sixth Harmonic

Fifth Harmonic

Fourth Harmonic

Third Harmonic

Second Harmonic

Fundamental

Fourth Harmonic

Third Harmonic

Second Harmonic

Fundamental

Harmonics

Level

Fundamental Wave

Second Harmonic

Third Harmonic

Frequency

Harmonic

Fundamental and

Harmonics (graph)

Contents

Main SPECIAL MESSAGE SECTION WARNING: PLEASE KEEP THIS MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS SUBJECT TO CHANGE: NOTICE: FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.) ADVARSEL! VARNING VAROITUS NEDERLAND / THE NETHERLANDS PRECAUTIONS PLEASE READ CAREFULLY BEFORE PROCEEDING * Please keep these precautions in a safe place for future reference. WARNING CAUTION Congratulations and thank you for purchasing the Yamaha DX200 Desktop Control Synthesizer! Packing List Contents Pattern Basics ........................15 Song Playback......................... 19 The Keyboard......................... 20 Scene Basics.......................... 22 Contents Appendix Master Class 1 Onstage........96 Real World Tips .......................92 How to Use This Manual Page Panel Controls Main Keyboard Control Voice Quick Start Guide Parameter Structure Pattern Select Setup Song 1 User Pattern 128 Song 10 Page This is NOT an owners manual! Chapter 1 Pattern Basics 1 2 3 4 5 1 Tap the [TAP] button three or four times at the desired speed. 6 7 Chapter 2 Song Playback 8 Chapter 3 The Keyboard 9 1 Press [KEYBOARD]. 2 Play the keyboard. 10 1 While the [KEYBOARD] button is lit, press [OCT >>]. 11 1 With the [KEYBOARD] button lit, press [RHYTHM TRACK]. 2 Play the keyboard. 12 2 Use the [DATA] knob to change the value. Scene Basics 13 14 Chapter 5 Effects 15 16 1 Select the Effect type. 2 Adjust the Effect depth. Page 17 1 Press the DIST [SWITCH] button. (The lamp turns on.) 2 Adjust the balance with the [DATA] knob. Chapter 6 Filter (VCF) Cutoff and Resonance 19 Chapter 6 Filter (VCF) VCF Type FEG Depth Chapter 7 Nuts and Bolts 21 Chapter 7 Nuts and Bolts 3 Press the [EXIT] button to return to normal operation. 22 3 Press the [EXIT] button to return to normal operation. 2 Turn the knob or press the button of the parameter whose value or set- ting youd like to see. Chapter 7 Nuts and Bolts 23 Select a different Pattern. Press the [EXIT] button. Turn off the power. 24 Chapter 8 Pattern Playback 25 26 27 28 29 3 Do the same with the Rhythm Tracks as well. 30 1 Select a Pattern and start it. 2 Lets try changing the Pan position rst. 3 Now, work with the Volume. 31 Chapter 9 LFO Modulation 32 Chapter 9 LFO Modulation 33 3 Press [KEYBOARD] to use the keyboard, and hold down one of the keys. 34 Chapter 9 LFO Modulation 35 1 Press [DETAIL] until UA<E (Wave) appears briey in the display. 2 Use the [DATA] knob to set the Wave to trGL (Triangle). Page Chapter 10 EG Basics 36 Chapter 10 EG Basics 5 Next, play with the [DECAY] knob and hear how that affects the sound. 6 Now, on to the [RELEASE] knob. Chapter 10 EG Basics EG Select FEG and AEG EG Controls 37 38 39 Chapter 11 Advanced Sound Shaping Controls 40 41 42 Modulator Select Harmonic 43 3 Now, tweak the [FM DEPTH] knob. 44 45 46 3 Turn the [NOISE LEVEL] knob up to a respectable level, such as 2:00 or 3:00 (around 90 - 110). 4 Press the NOISE OSC [TYPE] button repeatedly to select different noise types. 47 1 Call up a Pattern and press [KEYBOARD]. 2 Press [KEY ASGN], repeatedly if necessary, to set this to Poly (PoLY). 3 Press [KEY ASGN] again to call up Mono (mono). 48 them 3 While holding down [STORE], press SCENE button [1]. Scene 1 has just been stored. Now lets go on to Scene 2. 4 Do the same operation for Scene 2 repeating Steps 1 - 3 above with SCENE button [2] this time. Free EG 49 Chapter 12 Free EG 3 Start the Pattern, and make your moves. 4 To stop recording, press the Start/Stop button. Free EG Type and Trigger Chapter 12 Free EG 50 Chapter 13 Pattern Power Tips 51 52 53 54 55 1 While the Pattern is stopped, simultaneously hold down [SHIFT] and press [13] (MOVE/PITCH). 2 If you want, select the particular track (Synth or Rhythm) you want to transpose. 3 Set the pitch change of the tracks by using the [DATA] knob. 4 Transpose the Pattern. 56 1 First, select the source Pattern the one that has the Sequence you like. 2 Simultaneously hold down [SHIFT] and press [12] (COPY SEQ/VOICE). 3 Next, select the destination Pattern. 4 Copy the Sequence. Pattern Recording 57 58 1 Simultaneously hold down [SHIFT] and press [16] (UTILITY SETUP). 2 Use the DATA knob to change the setting. 59 7 Start recording. 8 Delete your mistakes or unwanted notes. 9 Stop recording. 10 Finally, save your precious work to the DX200s internal memory with the Store function. 60 1 Select a Pattern and clear it. 2 Make the Beat setting for the new Pattern: 16, 12, or 8. 3 Here, youll be recording the Synth part, so select the Synth track. Page Page 15 Set the knobs as shown. The Basics Rhythm Track 1 18 Turn on the Steps you want to record. 19 Select the Instrument Select parameter. 20 Enter a bass drum sound for all the steps. Rhythm Tracks Page Fine Tuning Your Tracks Pitch, Gate Time, and Velocity 24 Last and cer tainly not least save your work. 61 1 Simultaneously hold down [SHIFT] and press [16] (UTILITY SETUP). 2 If Memory Protect is set to on, use the DATA knob to change it to off (oFF). Page Chapter 15 Song Recording 62 63 1 Call up the Song mode and clear a Song. 2 Call up the Song Edit mode. 3 Select the measure to which you want to record. 4 Press the Start/Stop button. 7 To end the Song, record the End mark. 10 Last and most impor tant dont forget to store your new Song. 64 1 Enter the Song Edit mode. 2 Select the desired measure. 3 Play back the Pattern. 4 Call up the BPM setting. 65 Page 66 Taking Patterns out of your Song Delete Pattern 1 First, select the measure that contains the Pattern you want to delete. 2 Call up the Delete Pattern function. 3 Delete the Pattern. 68 Chapter 16 Speed Tips for Power Users 69 and bounds! Chapter 16 Speed Tips for Power Users 70 71 3 Hold down [SHIFT] and turn the knob corresponding to the rst step in the group. Chapter 17 Real World Tips Adjusting the pitch with the [DATA] knob Adjusting the Gate Time with the [DATA] knob 74 1 Select and play a Pattern. 2 Call up Transpose. 3 Now, play the pitch changes from the keyboard. 75 76 77 78 79 Chapter 18 Master Class 1 Onstage 80 4 Start song or sequence playback on the other device. 81 2 Change the channel with the [DATA] knob. 82 83 1 Connect the DX200 and the AN200 as shown. 2 Set the Clock on the DX200 to Internal. 3 Set the Clock on the AN200 to External. 84 85 86 Page Chapter 19 Master Class 2 Advanced Music Production 87 88 89 1 Connect the DX200 and the external sequencer as shown. 2 Set up the sequencer appropriately for receiving the control data and for playing the DX200. 3 While listening to the playback, tweak the knobs of the DX200. 4 Stop the song and play it back to hear your recorded changes. 90 91 2 Use the [DATA] knob to make the desired setting: On, Out, In, or Off. Saving Patterns and Songs to a MIDI data ler 5 Execute the Bulk Send operation. 4 Go back to the connected device and start recording. 2 Call up the Bulk Send setting on the DX200. 93 1 Set up the DX200 and the recording device. 2 Make sure the DX200 is set to Pattern mode. 3 Start the Bulk Send (or other appropriate) operation on the connected device. Function Index A B C D Function Index O P R S About the Included CD-ROM For Windows Me/98/95 Users Installing Softwares Acrobat Reader 4.0 XGworks lite About the Included CD-ROM For Macintosh Users Acrobat Reader 4.0 Open Music System (OMS) 2.3.8 Installing Softwares Specications Error Messages is incorrect. Err1 Specications Display indication Message Comment Err2 time, causing the unit to stop processing data. Err3 Troubleshooting FM Tone Generation Before actually editing the DX200 voices, let's get an idea of how the FM tone generator works. Operators (1) Horizontal Combination (2) Vertical Combination Combinations of Two Operators A B Carrier and Modulator Harmonics Algorithms Feedback (1) Operator Output Level (2) Operator Output Frequency Voice Editing Essentials (3) Feedback Level (4) EG (Envelope Generator) Chart of Algorithms Modulator groups Modulator Select = 1 Modulator Select = 2 Modulator Select = 3 MIDI Data Format 1. Channel messages 2. System exclusive messages Page 3. Realtime Messages 4. System Common Messages Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Rhythm Track Instrument List Pattern List Preset Bank 2 (Bank MSB=63, LSB=1, Pgm#1-64) Preset Bank 1 (Bank MSB=63, LSB=0, Pgm#65-128) Preset Bank 1 (Bank MSB=63, LSB=0, Pgm#1-64) Pattern List User Bank (Bank MSB=63, LSB=2, Pgm#65-128) User Bank (Bank MSB=63, LSB=2, Pgm#1-64) Preset Bank 2 (Bank MSB=63, LSB=1, Pgm#65-128) SOFTWARE LICENSING AGREEMENT SOFTWARE-LIZENZVEREINBARUNG CONTRAT DE LICENCE DE LOGICIEL CANADA U.S.A. MEXICO BRAZIL NORTH AMERICA CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA EUROPE AFRICA MIDDLE EAST ASIA OCEANIA