Intel 80C188EB, 80L188EC, 80L186EB, 80L186EC, 80C186EB Restrictions, Embedded Controller Monitor ECM

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INTEL 186 EB/EC EVALUATION BOARD USER’S MANUAL

4.2RESTRICTIONS

Two words of the user stack are reserved for use by the iRISM-186 software. Other memory and/or registers in the target memory are used by the iRISM-186 software. The exact amount and location of this memory is implementation-dependent.

An asynchronous serial port capable of operation at 9600 baud must be available in the target system. The RISM described in this document uses the 80x186 EB/EC internal serial port.

The TRAP instruction is reserved.

Breakpoints and program stepping will not operate if the user’s code is in Flash or other nonchangeable memory.

4.3EMBEDDED CONTROLLER MONITOR (ECM)

An ECM (Embedded Controller Monitor) is installed in your target system to provide basic debug capability. Capabilities include loading object files into system RAM, examining and modifying variables, executing code, and stepping through code. A personal computer acts as the host for program translation and emulates a video display during user interaction with the ECM. The ECM developed for the 80x186 family makes the assumption that the user interface is a personal computer; no provision is made for interface to a CRT terminal. By making this assumption, it is possible to reduce the size and complexity of the code that must be installed in the target system. The term coined for this target-resident code is Reduced Instruction Set Monitor (RISM).

The RISM consists of about 2200 bytes of 80x186 code that provides primitive operations. Software running in the host uses the RISM commands to provide a complete user interface to the target system. The advantage of this approach is that the ECM can be readily adapted to different target systems and requires only a small part of the available target memory space. The disadvantage is that the user interface must be provided by a personal computer.

RISM is structured as a short section of initialization code and an interrupt service routine (ISR). The ISR processes interrupts from the host system. The RISM ISR consists of a short prologue and a case-jump to one of 20 to 25 command executors. These executors are simple and short; the flow though the entire ISR (including the prologue) is 15-20 instructions. The serial commu- nication occurs at 9600 baud, which limits the frequency of these interrupts to 1 KHz. In the worst case, the board will be slowed by the execution of a fairly short RISM ISR every millisecond while executing user code. It is possible to operate the board so that no real time is lost to the iECM-86 unless the user is actively interrogating the target. See “Initiating and Terminating iECM-86” on page 4-3 and the description of the RISM REPORT_STATUS code (Code 14H) on page 6-5 for details.

4-2

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Contents Intel 186 EB/EC Evaluation Board User’s Manual Copyright Intel Corporation Contents Contents Chapter Introduction to the Software Rism Commands Irism VariablesRism Structure TrapisrFigures About This Manual Page Content Overview Chapter About this ManualNotation Conventions ItalicsRelated Documents Document Name Intel Order #World Wide Web FaxBack ServiceElectronic Support Systems Technical Support Customer Support Telephone NumbersPage Getting Started Page Getting Started Intel 186 EC Evaluation Board Layout System Requirements WHAT’S in Your KITIntel 186 EB/EC Evaluation Board USER’S Manual ECM86 Page Hardware Overview Page Jumper Summary LA19/WRT ProtMicroprocessor PackagingMemory Configuration SramF000FFFF LCD I/OPhysical Memory Map Flash Program Memory Jumper Assembly for Flash Downloading Sram Static Memory Programmable LogicPower Supply E1 JumperSerial Interface InitP2 Serial Channel CTSPin to 9-Pin Adaptor EC Peripheral Expansion Connector JP2 40 pin Expansion InterfaceEB Peripheral Expansion Connector JP2 24 pin CPU Bus Expansion EB and EC LCD Interface LCD Interface DemoPage Introduction to Software Page Software Features Introduction to the SoftwareRestrictions Embedded Controller Monitor ECMUser Interface COM2, -COM1 DiagPOLL, -SIGNAL Reset SYSTEM, RES SYSTEM, RESET, RES6 DOS QuitRelated Information Reserved FunctionsReserved Memory Reserved I/OIECM-86 Commands Page Entering Commands File Operations Loading and Saving Object CodeOther File Operations Include filenameList filename LOG filenameBreakpoints Resetting the TargetProgram Control BR bpnumber BR bpnumber = codeaddrProgram Execution GO ForeverGO from codeaddr Till codeaddr GO from codeaddr Till codeaddr or codeaddrGO Till codeaddr or codeaddr Program SteppingStep Sstep Displaying and Modifying Program Variables Supported Data TypesByte byteaddress to byteaddress Byte CommandsByte byteaddress = bytevalue Word Commands Byte byteaddress to byteaddress = bytevalueWord wordaddress = wordvalue Word wordaddress to wordaddressDword Commands Word wordaddress to wordaddress = wordvalueDword dwordaddress Dword dwordaddress = dwordvalueStack Commands Dword dwordaddress to dwordaddress = dwordvalueStack stackaddress Stack stackaddress to stackaddressString Commands Port CommandsString byteaddress Port portaddress = bytevalueWport wportaddress Wport CommandsPort portaddress to portaddress = bytevalue Wport wportaddress = wordvalue Wport wportaddress to wportaddressWport wportaddress to wportaddress = wordvalue Processor VariablesPC =codeaddress IRISM-186 Commands Page IRISM Variables Other VariablesRism Commands Rism StructureReceiving Data from the Host Sending Data to the HostSetdataflag Code 00H Transmit Code 02HReadbyte Code 04H Readword Code 05HWritedouble Code 09H Loadaddress Code 0AHReadpc Code 10H Writepc Code 11HTrapisr Reportstatus Code 14HMonitorescape Code 15H Readbport Code 16HWritewport Code 19H Step Code 1AHReadreg Code 1BH Writereg Code 1CHStart Up Commands / or \ Page Parts List Page PIN PWR Conn CN2PMLX PIN Header JUMP3PIN Header JUMP4 Reset PIN SIP SKT SIP14JP1 30 Header HDR2X30XU9 SOP44Intel SO20W20 Header HDR2X20 PNP Transistor SOT23 SMT PNP MMBT2907ALT1 Intel # PA28F400BVTable A-2 EC Board Manual Parts List Sheet 3 Index Index-2

80L188EB, 80C188EC, 80C188EB, 80L186EB, 80C186EB specifications

The Intel 80L188EC, 80C186EC, 80L186EC, 80C186EB, and 80L186EB microprocessors represent a significant evolution in Intel's 16-bit architecture, serving various applications in embedded systems and computing during the late 1980s and early 1990s. These microprocessors are designed to offer a blend of performance, efficiency, and versatility, making them suitable for a range of environments, including industrial control, telecommunications, and personal computing.

The Intel 80L188EC is a member of the 186 family, notable for its low-power consumption and integrated support for a range of peripheral devices. It operates at clock speeds of up to 10 MHz and features a 16-bit architecture, providing a balance of processing power and energy efficiency. The 80C186EC, on the other hand, is a more advanced version, offering enhanced performance metrics with faster clock speeds and improved processing capabilities, making it ideal for applications that require more computational power.

The 80L186EC shares similarities with the 80L188EC but is enhanced further for various low-power applications, especially where battery life is crucial. With a maximum clock speed of 16 MHz, it excels in scenarios demanding energy-efficient processing without sacrificing performance.

In contrast, the 80C186EB and 80L186EB are optimized versions that bring additional features to the table. The 80C186EB operates at higher clock speeds, coupled with an extended instruction set, enabling it to handle more complex tasks and run sophisticated software. These enhancements allow it to serve well in environments that require reliable performance under load, such as data acquisition systems or advanced control systems.

The 80L186EB is tailored for specific low-power scenarios, integrating Intel's sophisticated low-power technologies without compromising on speed. Utilizing advanced process technologies, these chips benefit from reduced heat output and extended operating life, a significant advantage in embedded applications.

Overall, these microprocessors showcase Intel's commitment to innovation in 16-bit processing, marked by their varying capabilities and power profiles tailored to meet the demands of diverse applications, from industrial systems to consumer electronics. Their legacy continues to influence subsequent generations of microprocessor designs, emphasizing performance, energy efficiency, and versatile applications in computing technology. As such, the Intel 80C186 and 80L188 families play a crucial role in understanding the evolution of microprocessor technology.
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