ATTO Technology FC 3321, FC 3322, FC 3342 Fibre Channel is a key technology for storage, Glossary

2 Fibre Channel is a key technology for storage

Fibre Channel is a serial communications technology designed to transfer large amounts of data among a variety of hardware systems over long distances. It is a key technology for applications that require shared, high bandwidth access to storage.

Fibre Channel provides a logical, point-to-point, serial channel for the transfer of data between a buffer at a source device and a buffer at a destination device. It moves buffer contents from one port to another, without regard to the format or meaning of the data so different upper level protocols are able to run over Fibre Channel hardware.

The Fibre Channel architecture is structured as a hierarchical set of protocol layers. Defined within these layers are rules for signal interfaces, serial encoding and decoding, error control, frame format and communications protocols.

ATTO ExpressPCI Fibre Channel host adapters carry SCSI protocol over Fibre Channel.

Glossary

Some terms used in the Fibre Channel industry are defined below. More information is available through the ATTO Technology website (www.attotech.com), the Fibre Channel Industry Association (www.fibrechannel.com), Cern (www.cern.ch), the Storage Area Networking Industry Association (www.snia.org), and the Fibre Channel Consortium (www.iol.unh.edu/consortiums, click on FC).

Term	Definition
ANSI	American National Standards Institute
arbitrate	process of selecting one L_Port from a collection of ports which ask for use of the arbitrated loop
	at the same time
arbitrated loop	a loop topology (FC-AL) in which two or more ports are interconnected, but only two ports can
	communicate at one time; low-cost solution which may or may not use hubs and switches
auto negotiation	hardware senses and automatically responds depending on configuration
BER	Bit Error Rate: a measure of transmission accuracy; the ratio of bits received in error to bits sent
bit	Smallest unit of data a computer can process: a single binary digit with a value of either 0 or 1
bus	a collection of unbroken signal lines used to transmit information from one part of a computer
	system to another; taps on the lines connect devices to the bus
Byte	an ordered set of 8 bits
channel	a point-to-point link which transports data from one point to another
CPU	Central Processing Unit: the portion of the computer that actually performs computations
CRC	Cyclic Redundancy Check: an error-correcting code which calculates a numeric value for received
	and transmitted data; if no error has occurred during transmission, the CRC for both received and
	transmitted data should be the same
destination	a value in the frame header of each frame which identifies the port in the node where the frame is
address	being sent
device driver	a program that allows a microprocessor to direct the operation of a peripheral device
DMA	Direct Memory Access: a way to move data from a storage device directly to RAM without using
	the CPU’s resources
DMA bus master	Allows a peripheral to control the flow of data to and from system memory by block as opposed to
	allowing the processor to control the data by bytes (PIO or programmed I/O)

5 ATTO Technology ExpressPCI FC 3321, 3322 and 3342 Installation and Operation Manual