Cypress CY7B991, CY7B992 manual Block Diagram Description

CY7B991

CY7B992

Block Diagram Description

Phase Frequency Detector and Filter

The Phase Frequency Detector and Filter blocks accept inputs from the reference frequency (REF) input and the feedback (FB) input and generate correction information to control the frequency of the Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). These blocks, along with the VCO, form a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) that tracks the incoming REF signal.

VCO and Time Unit Generator

The VCO accepts analog control inputs from the PLL filter block. It generates a frequency used by the time unit generator to create discrete time units that are selected in the skew select matrix. The operational range of the VCO is determined by the FS control pin. The time unit (tU) is determined by the operating frequency of the device and the level of the FS pin as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Frequency Range Select and tU Calculation[1]

		fNOM (MHz)		tU =	1		Approximate
FS	[2, 3]				-----------------------		Frequency(MHz)At
		Min	Max		fNOM	⋅ N
				where N =			Which tU = 1.0 ns
LOW		15	30		44		22.7
MID		25	50		26		38.5
HIGH		40	80		16		62.5

Skew Select Matrix

The skew select matrix contains four independent sections. Each section has two low skew, high fanout drivers (xQ0, xQ1), and two corresponding three level function select (xF0, xF1) inputs. Table 2 shows the nine possible output functions for each section as determined by the function select inputs. All times are measured with respect to the REF input assuming that the output connected to the FB input has 0tU selected.

Table 2. Programmable Skew Configurations[1]

Function Selects		Output Functions
1F1, 2F1,	1F0, 2F0,	1Q0,1Q1,	3Q0, 3Q1	4Q0, 4Q1
3F1, 4F1	3F0, 4F0	2Q0, 2Q1
LOW	LOW	–4tU	Divide by 2	Divide by 2
LOW	MID	–3tU	–6tU	–6tU
LOW	HIGH	–2tU	–4tU	–4tU
MID	LOW	–1tU	–2tU	–2tU
MID	MID	0tU	0tU	0tU
MID	HIGH	+1tU	+2tU	+2tU
HIGH	LOW	+2tU	+4tU	+4tU
HIGH	MID	+3tU	+6tU	+6tU
HIGH	HIGH	+4tU	Divide by 4	Inverted

Notes

1.For all tri-state inputs, HIGH indicates a connection to VCC, LOW indicates a connection to GND, and MID indicates an open connection. Internal termination circuitry holds an unconnected input to VCC/2.

2.The level is set on FS is determined by the “normal” operating frequency (fNOM) of the VCO and Time Unit Generator (see Logic Block Diagram). Nominal frequency (fNOM) always appears at 1Q0 and the other outputs when they are operated in their undivided modes (see Table 2). The frequency appearing at the REF and FB inputs are fNOM when the output connected to FB is undivided. The frequency of the REF and FB inputs are fNOM/2 or fNOM/4 when the part is configured for a frequency multiplication by using a divided output as the FB input.

3.When the FS pin is selected HIGH, the REF input must not transition upon power up until VCC has reached 4.3V.

Document Number: 38-07138 Rev. *B Page 3 of 19

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