Linksys RT31P2 Networking Basics, An Introduction to Local Area Networks, Use of IP Addresses

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Chapter 2: Networking Basics

An Introduction to Local Area Networks

Simply put, a router is a network device that connects two networks together.

The Router connects your local area network (LAN), or the group of PCs in your home or office, to the Internet. The Router processes and regulates the data that travels between these two networks.

The Router’s Network Address Translation (NAT) technology protects your network of PCs so users on the Internet cannot “see” your PCs. This is how your LAN remains private. The Router protects your network by inspecting the first packet coming in through the Internet port before delivery to the final destination on one of the Ethernet ports. The Router inspects Internet port services like the web server, ftp server, or other Internet applications, and, if allowed, it will forward the packet to the appropriate PC on the LAN side.

Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports

nat (network address translation): NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a different IP address for the Internet.

The Use of IP Addresses

IP stands for Internet Protocol. Every device in an IP-based network, including PCs, print servers, and routers, requires an IP address to identify its location, or address, on the network. This applies to both the Internet and LAN connections.

There are two ways of assigning IP addresses to your network devices.

A static IP address is a fixed IP address that you assign manually to a PC or other device on the network. Since a static IP address remains valid until you disable it, static IP addressing ensures that the device assigned it will always have that same IP address until you change it. Static IP addresses are commonly used with network devices such as server PCs or print servers.

static ip address: a fixed address assigned to a computer or device that is connected to a network.

Chapter 2: Networking Basics

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An Introduction to Local Area Networks

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Contents Broadband Router Word definition How to Use this GuideCopyright and Trademarks Table of Contents Common Problems and Solutions Frequently Asked Questions Appendix a TroubleshootingFront Panel Back Panel16 Security Tab VPN Passthrough Welcome IntroductionWhat’s in this Guide? Introduction What’s in this Guide? Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports Use of IP Addresses Networking BasicsAn Introduction to Local Area Networks Networking Basics Back Panel Getting to Know the RouterFront Panel Proceed to Connecting the Router Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports Overview Connecting the RouterConnect a PC Connection InstructionsSetup Configuring the RouterApplications & Gaming SecurityVoice Status How to Access the Web-based UtilityAdministration Obtain an IP automatically Setup Tab Basic SetupInternet Setup Internet Connection TypePPPoE Static IPPPPoE RAS for SingTelPptp Heart Beat Signal Heart Beat SignalPacket a unit of data sent over a network Network SetupOptional Settings Router IPNetwork Address Server Settings Dhcp Time Setting Setup Tab DdnsTZO.com DynDNS.orgMAC Clone Setup Tab MAC Address CloneAdvanced Routing Setup Tab Advanced Routing13 Routing Table Entry List Filter MAC Address Security Tab FilterFilter IP Address Range Filter Port Range15 Filtered MAC Address Block WAN RequestsVPN Passthrough Security Tab VPN PassthroughPort Range Voice TabApplications & Gaming Tab Port Range Forwarding Port Range ForwardingTriggered Range Applications & Gaming Tab Port TriggeringPort Triggering Forwarded Range Applications & Gaming Tab UPnP ForwardingUPnP Forwarding Configuring the Router Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports DMZ Applications & Gaming Tab DMZApplication-based QoS Applications & Gaming Tab QoSSpecific Port# fields Port-based QoSVoice QoS Remote Router Access Administration Tab ManagementRouter Password Local Router AccessUPnP Backup and RestoreLog Administration Tab LogFirmware the programming code that runs a networking device Administration Tab Factory DefaultsAdministration Tab Firmware Upgrade Line2 Status Status Tab VoiceInformation Line1 Status31 Status Tab Router Status Tab RouterLocal Network Status Tab Local NetworkCommon Problems and Solutions Appendix a TroubleshootingNeed to set a static IP address on a PC For Windows 98 and MillenniumFor Windows XP For WindowsWant to test my Internet connection For Windows XP Configuring the Router for details Am not able to access the Router’s Web-based Utility Setup Need to set up a server behind my Router TCP Application Start and End Protocol IP Address EnabledCan’t get the Internet game, server, or application to work Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports For Netscape 4.7 or higher To start over, I need to set the Router to factory defaultMy DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higherBroadband Router with 2 Phone Ports Need to use port triggering Can I make calls while I’m browsing the Internet? Frequently Asked QuestionsHow do I make a phone call? Can I make calls if my Internet connection is down?Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk? Where is the Router installed on the network?Is IPSec Passthrough supported by the Router? How can I block corrupted FTP downloads? Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment? If all else fails in the installation, what can I do?What is DMZ Hosting? How can I check whether I have static or Dhcp IP addresses? Is the Router cross-platform compatible?How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded? Which modems are compatible with the Router?Windows 98 or Me Instructions Figure B-1 IP Configuration ScreenFor the Router’s Web-based Utility Windows 2000 or XP InstructionsNetwork Neighborhood/My Network Places Appendix C Windows HelpShared Resources Appendix C Windows Help Appendix D Glossary Appendix D Glossary Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports Packet a unit of data sent over a network Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports Broadband Router with 2 Phone Ports Two Standard Phone Ports, One Power Port Appendix E SpecificationsAppendix E Specifications Limited Warranty Appendix F Warranty InformationAppendix F Warranty Information FCC Statement Appendix G Regulatory InformationAppendix G Regulatory Information Appendix H Contact Information Appendix H Contact Information