Apple NMB-003 manual Connecting to an Ethernet network, About RAID Storage, How RAID Works

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minstalling the Apple Fibre Channel PCI Card in a host system and connecting it to the Xserve RAID system using fibre channel cables

mconnecting to an Ethernet network

You use the RAID Admin software to configure RAID storage on your system. Use the Xserve RAID CD, supplied with the system, to install RAID Admin on any computer or server that you want to use for remote administration of the system. See the document “Using RAID Admin and Disk Utility” on the CD that came with your system for details.

About RAID Storage

RAID, or Redundant Array of Independent Disks, is a data-storage technology that spreads data across multiple drives. This technology provides several benefits over a single large hard disk, including

mdata redundancy for protection and availability

mhigher performance as a result of reading or writing on several drives simultaneously

mscalability for expansion of storage

These benefits are especially useful in a server environment where downtime is very expensive, drive performance is critical to server performance, and the opportunity to increase storage capacity quickly and easily is essential.

How RAID Works

In a RAID system, either a hardware controller or software manages the reading and writing of data. The Xserve RAID system uses two hardware controllers, which each manage up to seven drive modules. By segmenting and writing or reading data on multiple drives simultaneously, the RAID controller achieves fast and highly efficient storage and access.

The controller can also duplicate all information stored for maximum data protection. Another protection method, parity, provides the ability to rebuild data. Parity protects stored information without requiring data duplication. When data is protected by duplication or parity, it is still available if a drive fails. Duplicated data is simply retrieved from the second storage site; parity-protected data is reconstructed using the parity formula. You can remove and replace a failed disk (known as “hot swapping”), and the controller then rebuilds the data using the information on the remaining drives.

The way the controller stores and retrieves data on the Xserve RAID system is determined by the RAID level and storage method you choose. See “Data Storage Methods” on page 59 and “RAID Levels” on page 60 for more information about these choices.

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Contents User’s Guide Apple Computer, Inc Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reservedContents Using the Xserve RAID System Installing the SystemConnecting Xserve RAID to a Host System and a Network Installing or Replacing ComponentsData Storage Methods Installing Xserve RAID Hardware and SoftwareConnecting a 14-Drive System to a Host Computer or Switch RAID OverviewGlossary Appendix a Specifications Appendix B Safety, Maintenance, and ErgonomicsAbout This Guide Page Introducing Xserve RAID Unpacking the System Introducing Xserve RAID Your System at a Glance-Front Panel Indicates temperature status green is OK, red is failure Your System at a Glance-Back Panel RAIDRedundant, hot-swappable cooling module cools the system Your System at a Glance-Mounting Hardware Use this bar to fasten extenders C and D for a deep rack Page Precautions for Handling the System Preparing to Install Xserve RAID in a RackGuidelines for Installation Use your leg muscles to liftLift with a smooth motion don’t jerk the load up or down Choosing the System’s Location in the RackElectrical Power Rack StabilityOperating Environment SecurityMounting Xserve RAID in a Rack Getting Ready to Install the System Determine the Position for the System in the Rack Prepare the System for Installation Installing the SystemFollow the instructions in Unpacking the System on Two mounting screws for attaching the system to the rack Assemble the Brackets and ExtendersTighten the screws and then remove the template Repeat this procedure for the second bracket and extender Six short screws for assembling two brackets and extenders Secure each bolt with a washer Adjust the mounting Mounting Xserve RAID in a Rack Mount the System in the Rack Secure the System in the Rack or Cabinet Moving the Xserve RAID System System and a Network Connecting Xserve RAID to a Host System or Switch Installing the Host Bus Adapter Card in the Host SystemAbout Fibre Channel Connections and Cables Connecting the System to Xserve or a Power Mac G4 Connecting Xserve RAID to a Switch or Hub Removing Cables From the Xserve RAID and Host Systems Connecting to a Network Connecting Power to the System Plug one of the system’s power cords into the UPS Connecting an Uninterruptible Power SupplyFollow these steps to connect a UPS unit to the system Using the Xserve RAID System Starting Up the SystemUsing Status Lights and Other Indicators Turning Off the SystemLight manually check If the System Has a Problem Follow these steps to install or replace a drive module Installing or Replacing an Apple Drive ModuleAbout Replacing Components Security lock Replacing a Power Supply Follow these steps to replace a power supplyReplacing a Cooling Module Installing or Replacing Components Replacing a RAID Controller Module Installing or Replacing a Battery Module Obtaining Additional Replacement Components Installing Xserve RAID Hardware and Software Setting Up the Xserve RAID SystemInstalling the system in a rack or cabinet RAID OverviewScalability for expansion of storage Connecting to an Ethernet networkAbout RAID Storage How RAID WorksData Storage Methods RAID 0+1 requires a minimum of four drives RAID LevelsRAID 5 requires a minimum of three drives RAID 3 requires a minimum of three drivesHardware and Software RAID What’s Next? Tools for Configuring the Xserve RAID System Planning RAID Storage For the Xserve RAID SystemRAID Controllers and Drive Modules Drive modules Controllers RAID RAID 0+1 Xserve RAID SchemesSystem With Four Drive Modules RAID 1 Schemes RAID 3 or RAID 0+1 and RAID 10 Schemes RAID System With Seven Drive ModulesDisk Mirror Mirror Mirror Hot spare RAID 3 or 5 Hot spare RAID 3 or Disk System With 14 Drive Modules RAID 0+1 Disk Hot spare RAID 1 and RAID 3 or Disk Mirrors RAID1 Hot spare RAID RAID 30 and 50 Schemes Storage Capacities for Xserve RAID Schemes Xserve RAID Hardware Connections Connecting a Four-Drive System to a Host Computer or Switch Connecting a 14-Drive System to a Host Computer or SwitchGlossary Common RAID TermsPage Fibre Channel PCI Card Specifications RAID Controller SpecificationsSpecifications Ethernet Specifications Apple Drive Module SpecificationsDimensions and Operating Environment UPS Interface SpecificationsPin D connector Cooling Module Specifications Power Supply SpecificationsBattery Module Optional Information Safety, Maintenance, and Ergonomics Important Safety InformationCleaning Your Equipment Power SupplyHandling Your System Safety, Maintenance, and Ergonomics Page Complies with European Directive 89/336/EEC