HP 35S Scientific 35s manuals
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HP 35S Scientific 35s Manual
382 pages 3.5 Mb
1 HP 35s scientific calculator3 ContentsComplex number display format (, , ·‚) SHOWing Full 12–DigitPrecision Fractions Calculator Memory Checking Available Memory Clearing All of Memory 4 RPN: The Automatic Memory StackReusing Numbers with LAST X Chain Calculations in RPN Mode Work from the Parentheses Out Order of Calculation More Exercises Storing Data into VariablesViewing a Variable 2Contents 5 4. Real–NumberFunctionsEntering Fractions Display Rules Setting the Maximum Denominator Choosing a Fraction Format Examples of Fraction Displays Fractions in Programs 6 6. Entering and Evaluating Equations4Contents Operator Precedence Equation Functions 7 Solving EquationsIntegrating Equations Operations with Complex Numbers 10.Vector ArithmeticVector operations Absolute value of the vector Dot product Angle between vectors Vectors in Equations Creating Vectors from Variables or Registers 8 11.Base Conversions and Arithmetic and LogicArithmetic in Bases 2, 8, and 16 The Representation of Numbers Negative Numbers Range of Numbers Windows for Long Binary Numbers Using base in program and equations 12.Statistical OperationsEntering Statistical Data Entering One–VariableData Entering Two–VariableData Correcting Errors in Data Entry Statistical Calculations Mean Sample Standard Deviation Population Standard Deviation Linear Regression Limitations on Precision of Data Summation Values and the Statistics Registers Summation Statistics Access to the Statistics Registers 6Contents 9 13.Simple ProgrammingClearing One or More Programs The Checksum Nonprogrammable Functions Programming with BASE Selecting a Base Mode in a Program Numbers Entered in Program Lines Polynomial Expressions and Horner's Method 10 14.Programming TechniquesBranching (GTO) Loops Conditional Loops (GTO) Indirectly Addressing Variables and Labels The Variables "I" and "J The Indirect Address, (I) and (J) Unnamed indirect variables 8Contents 11 15.Solving and Integrating Programs16.Statistics ProgramsCurve Fitting Normal and Inverse–NormalDistributions Grouped Standard Deviation 17.Miscellaneous Programs and Equations A. Support, Batteries, and ServiceA-1 Answers to Common Questions A-2 Changing the Batteries A-3 Testing Calculator Operation A-4 The Self–Test A-5 Warranty A-7 A-8 Regulatory information A-12 Federal Communications Commission Notice 12 B. User Memory and the StackB-1 C. ALG: Summary D. More about SolvingD-1 D-3 D-8 Round–OffError D-13 13 E. More about IntegrationE-1 E-2 Conditions That Prolong Calculation Time E-7 F. Messages G. Operation Index 15 Basic Operation17 Getting Started18 Shifted Keys19 Alpha KeysLeft-shiftedfunction Right-shifted Letter for alphabetic function key Cursor Keys 20 Backspacing and ClearingKeys for Clearing Key Description Backspace Equation–entrymode: If an equation is in the process of being entered or edited Program-entrymode: Clear or Cancel 1-4 Getting Started 21 Keys for Clearing (continued)The CLEAR menu ( ) indirect variables If you press (), a new menu is displayed so you can verify your decision before erasing everything in memory can verify your decision before erasing all your programs verify your decision before erasing all your equations whose addresses are greater than the address entered are erased. For example: CLVAR056 erases all indirect variables whose address is greater than 22 Using MenusHP 35s Menus Menu Chapter Name 1-6 Getting Started FLAGS x?y x?0 MEM MODE DISPLAY CLEAR Programming Instructions Functions to set, clear, and test flags. ≠ ≤ < > ≥ Comparison tests of the X–and Y–registers. ≠ ≤ < > ≥ Comparison tests of the X–registerand zero Other functions Angular modes and operation mode Functions to review the stack in ALG mode –X–, Y– Z–, T–registers 1, 3 4 1, 3, 6 To use a menu function: 1.Press a menu key to display a set of menu items 2.Press ÕÖ×Øto move the underline to the item you want to select 23 ÕÖ×Ø3.Press while the item is underlined 24 or 8 Exiting Menus1-8 Getting Started Pressing cancels any other menu or Pressing another menu key replaces the old menu with the new one Keys:Display: 25 RPN and ALG Modes9{ 26 9{ALG RPN mode Note 1-10 Getting Started 27 Undo key28 The Display and AnnunciatorsFirst Line Second LineThe display comprises two lines and annunciators Annunciators1-12 Getting Started 29 HP 35s AnnunciatorsAnnunciator Meaning EQN RAD or GRAD HEX OCT BIN HYP 30 HP 35s Annunciators (continued)the display of the entry in line 1 or line 2. Both of these annunciators may appear simultaneously, indicating that there are an entry. Entries in line 1 with missing and Ökeys to scroll through an entry and mode, use Õand Öto see the rest of the characters The Øand ×keys are active for stepping 1, 6 through an equation list, a catalog of programs in the program catalog The alphabetic keys are active Attention! Indicates a special condition or an error Battery power is low 1-14 Getting Started The minimum and maximum values that the calculator can handle are 31 Making Numbers NegativeThe key changes the sign of a number To key in a negative number, type the number, then press In ALG mode, you may press key before or after typing the number mantissa non Exponents of TenExponents in the Display Keys: Display: _ Shows number being entered Rounds number to fit the display format Keying in Powers of Ten Suppose you want to enter Planck’s constant: 6.6261⋅10-34 Keys: 32 z 1-16 Getting Started 33 Understanding Entry CursorRange of Numbers and OVERFLOW 34 Single Argument or Unary Operations1-18 Getting Started In RPN,RPN Program In ALG, Equation, ALG Program 35 Two Argument or Binary Operations36 Õ1-20 Getting Started In RPN, RPN Program x √ y XROOT(, ) INT⎟ IDIV(, ) Registers in the Stack) 37 839 8Periods and Commas in Numbers () () 40 8Select full floating point precision (ALL format) 8( 8 8()Return to the default format 8( Complex number display format (, , )Complex numbers can be displayed in a number of formats: , , and 1-24 Getting Started 41 68 8 ) or 8× ×Õ SHOWing Full 12–DigitPrecision 8 42 8Entering Fractions1-26 Getting Started 43 É The decimal point is interpreted in the normal way Add ¾ to 12 3/8 Switch back to the current display mode Refer to chapter 5, "Fractions," for more information about using fractions 44 Checking Available Memory45 Clearing All of Memory47 RPN: The AutomaticMemory Stack48 2-2 RPN: The Automatic Memory Stack49 The X and Y–Registersare in the DisplayClearing the X–Register Reviewing the Stackthe registers themselves maintain their positions, and only the X– and R (Roll Up) roll up 50 Exchanging the X– and Y–Registersin the StackPress 52 How ENTER Works4. Now enter and add two new numbers: 5+61 lost 2 lsot 1.Lifts the stack 2.Lifts the stack and replicates the X–register 3.Does not lift the stack 4.Drops the stack and replicates the T–register writes over You can use the replicating effect of to clear the stack quickly: press need Using a Number Twice in a Row 2-6 RPN: The Automatic Memory Stack Filling the stack with a constant Y 1.Fills the stack with the growth rate 2.Keys in the initial population 3.Calculates the population after 1 day 4.Calculates the population after 2 days 5.Calculates the population after 3 days 53 How to Clear the Stackwrites 1.Press 2.Press 3.Press () (Mainly used during program entry.) 4.Press () to clear the X-, Y-, Z-,and T-registersto zero 54 1.Lifts the stack3.Overwrites the X–register 4.Clears x by overwriting it with zero 5.Overwrites x (replaces the zero.) Pressing returns this value into the X–register This ability to retrieve the "last x" has two main uses: 1.Correcting errors 2.Reusing a number in a calculation 2-8 RPN: The Automatic Memory Stack 55 Correcting Mistakes with LASTWrongMistake: Correction: Calculation: 56 ÙReusing Numbers with LASTCalculate 96.704 + 52.3947 2-10 RPN: The Automatic Memory Stack 57 Enters first numberIntermediate result Final result To Rigel Centaurus: 4.3 yr ⋅ (9.5 ⋅ 1015 m/yr) To Sirius: 8.7 yr ⋅ (9.5 ⋅ 1015 m/yr) 58 Work from the Parentheses OutKeys:Display:Description: 2-12 RPN: The Automatic Memory Stack 59 Calculate 2 ⎟ (3 + 10):Calculates (3 + 10) first correct: 2 ⎟ Calculate 4 ⎟ [14 + (7 ⋅ 3) – 2] : Calculates (7 ⋅ 3) Calculates denominator division Calculates 4 ⎟ 33, the answer Description: First adds (3+4) Then adds (5+6) 60 ExercisesOrder of Calculation2-14 RPN: The Automatic Memory Stack 62 More Exercises2-16 RPN: The Automatic Memory Stack 65 Storing Data into Variables66 Enter the expression, then proceed as in the previous exampledifferent To store a copy of a displayed number (X–register)to a direct variable: Press letter–key To recall a copy of a number from a direct variable to the display: Press letter–key Example: Storing Numbers Store Avogadro's number (approximately 6.0221 ⋅ 1023 ) in A 3-2 Storing Data into Variables _ Avogadro's number. 67 A “” prompts for variable Clears the number in the display The A..Z annunciator Turns on Copies Avogadro's number from A the display G Pressing simply activates A…Z mode; no command is pasted into line G We now proceed to switch to RPN mode and recall the value of G 68 The VAR catalog3-4 Storing Data into Variables Clear all direct variables 69 CStore 3 in C, 4 in D, and 5 in E D Eu() Note the annunciators indicating that the Øand ×keys are active Scroll down to the next direct as its value is zero. The next variable is C as shown Suppose now that you wish to copy the value of C to the stack 70 Storage Arithmetic3-6 Storing Data into Variables 71 ARecall Arithmetic A 72 DD E F3-8 Storing Data into Variables 73 A75 Real–NumberFunctions76 To Calculate:Press: 4-2 Real–NumberFunctions Result: 77 Entering π78 Setting the Angular ModeTrigonometric Functions4-4 Real–NumberFunctions 80 4-6 Real–NumberFunctions82 CONST MenuItems Value 4-8 Real–NumberFunctions The HP 35s supports four types of conversions. You can convert between: rectangular and polar formats for complex numbers degrees, radians, and gradients for angle measures decimal and hexagesimal formats for time (and degree angles) various supported units (cm/in, kg/lb, etc) 84 Rectangular/Polar Conversions4-10 Real–NumberFunctions 85 30o8 86 864-12 Real–NumberFunctions 87 Time ConversionsTo convert between decimal format and hours minutes, and seconds: 1.Enter the number you wish to convert 2.Press to convert to hours/degrees, minutes, and seconds or press 5to convert back to decimal format Example: Converting Time Formats 1/7 hour as a decimal fraction Equals 8 minutes and 34.29 seconds Restores FIX 4 format Angle Conversions 88 Unit ConversionsTo Convert: To: Displayed Results: 4-14 Real–NumberFunctions 89 Factorialfactorial *(the right–shifted key) Gamma ProbabilityCombinations Permutations arrangements are Seed Random number generator 90 Example: Combinations of PeopleTwenty–fourpeople grouped six at a time Total number of combinations possible probability for that event Fourteen women grouped six at a time 4-16 Real–NumberFunctions 91 x2 + y 93 Fractions94 Display Rules5-2 Fractions Entered Value Internal Value Displayed Fraction 95 Accuracy IndicatorsYou can set the maximum denominator that's used You can select one of three fraction formats The next few topics show how to change the fraction display 96 Setting the Maximum DenominatorThe /c value defines only the maximum denominator used in Fraction–displaymode 5-4 Fractions 98 Choosing a Fraction FormatMost precise fractions Factors of denominator Fixed denominator. Fractions always use the /c value as the denominator Flag 7 toggles fraction-displaymode on or off; clear=off and set=on 5-6 Fractions 99 To Get This Fraction Format:Change These Flags: 100 Examples of Fraction DisplaysHow 2.77 Is Displayed /c Most Precise Factors of Denominator Fixed Denominator Fraction Number Entered and Fraction Displayed Format Most precise Factors of denominator Fixed denominator 5-8 Fractions Sets Flag Sets up fraction format for 1/ – inch increments. (Flags 8 and should be the same as for the previous example.) Stores the distance in D 101 D7/ inches Rounds the width to this value Width of six sections DThe cumulative round off error Clears flag See chapter 6 for information about working with equations 102 5-10 Fractions 103 Entering and Evaluating Equations104 D 6-2 Entering and Evaluating Equations 105 equation listOperation Enters and leaves Equation mode Evaluates the displayed equation. If the equation is an assignment equality expression replacing "=" with "–"if an "=" is present variable you specify. (See chapter 8.) the left of the cursor Öor Õ the cursor and not deleting any content Öor Õ Scroll the current equation display screen ×or Ø Steps up or down through the equation list ×or Ø Jumps to the top or bottom of the equation list value) and length (bytes of memory) : Recovers the most recently deleted element or equation Leaves Equation mode You can also use equations in programs — this is discussed in chapter equation list To enter an equation: 106 Variables in Equations) and 6-4 Entering and Evaluating Equations 107 Numbers in EquationsFunctions in Equations 108 Parentheses in Equations 6-6 Entering and Evaluating Equations 109 To display equations:To view a long equation: 14 characters long, only 14 characters are shown. The indicates more characters to the right 3.Press Öor Õto scroll the long equations in line 2 by a screen To select an equation: Example: Viewing an Equation View the last equation you entered Ö Displays the current equation in the equation list Activates cursor to the left of the equation Activates cursor to the right of the 110 To edit an equation you're typing:3.Press (or ) to save the equation in the equation list To edit a saved equation: Display the desired equation, press Using menus while editing an equation: 1.When editing an equation, selecting a setting menu (such as 9 8, or ), will end the equation edit status 2.When editing an equation, selecting an insert or view menu (such as 3.The menus , ,are disabled in equation mode 6-8 Entering and Evaluating Equations 111 EqualitiesAssignments 112 Expressions6-10 Entering and Evaluating Equations Type of Equation Result for Result for Equality: g(x) = f(x) Example: x2 + y2 = r2 Assignment: y = f(x) y – f(x) Example: A = 0.5 ⋅ b x h Expression: f(x) Example: x3 + x3 + Also stores the result in the left–handvariable, A for example To evaluate an equation: Display the desired equation. (See "Displaying and Selecting Equations" above.) 3.For each prompt, enter the desired value: If the displayed value is good, press To halt a calculation, press or . The message is shown in line 113 Using ENTER for Evaluationtyping ends assignment If the equation is an equality or expression, the entire equation is evaluated — just as it is for . The result is returned to the X–register Example: Evaluating an Equation with ENTER ( ×as required) Displays the desired equation liters (but doesn't change 114 Using XEQ for Evaluation6-12 Entering and Evaluating Equations 115 Responding to Equation PromptsTo display digits hidden by the prompt, press Equations follow certain conventions that determine how they're evaluated: How operators interact What functions are valid in equations How equations are checked for syntax errors 116 Operator Precedence6-14 Entering and Evaluating Equations 117 OrderExample Equations 118 Equation Functions6-16 Entering and Evaluating Equations RPN Operation Equation function 119 sin120 cos(π /n)sin(π/n) 121 ÕSyntax Errors 123 Solving Equations135 Integrating EquationsI = ∫ab f (x) dx136 To integrate an equation:lower Display the equation: Press Select the variable of integration: Press variable uses far more memory than any other operation in the calculator. If executing causes a message, refer to appendix B To integrate the same equation with different information: 8-2 Integrating Equations 137 1 πJ0 (x) = π ∫0 cos(x sin t)dt X 138 sin139 sinxX X 140 Specifying Accuracyprecision accuracy no more than in the integrand's values Interpreting Accuracy 143 Operations with Complex Numbers151 Vector Arithmetic152 33 Õ 310-2 Vector Arithmetic Calculate [3,4]x5 153 9() 3 Calculate [-2,4]÷2 9() 3 Õ 3 Enters [3,4] Enters 5 as a scalar Enters [-2,4] Performs division Absolute value of the vector as A = A12 + A2 2 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + An 21.Press 2.Enter a vector 3.Press For example: Absolute value of vector [5,12]: 3 .The answer is 13. In RPN mode: 9()3 3 3 154 Dot product3 3 155 Angle between vectorsThe angle between two vectors, A and B, can be found as θ θ ACOS(A B/ AB )Find the angle between two vectors: A=[1,0],B=[0,1] 3 3 3 3 Õ3 Find the angle between two vectors: A=[3,4],B=[0,5] Enters vector B [0,1] for dot product of A and B Finds the magnitude of vector A [1,0] Finds the magnitude of vector B [0,1] The angle between two vectors is Sets Degrees mode 3 3 3 156 3 vector [0,5] Multiplies two vectors Divides two values 10-6 Vector Arithmetic 157 Program lines:hand either (I) or (J) For example, to construct the vector [ C, REGZ, (J) ] in RPN mode, press d 158 3, then hC <Õ hA159 Base Conversions and Arithmetic and Logic160 an octal number. To enter an octal number, type thenumber followed by “” binary number. To enter a binary number, type the number followed by “” Examples: Converting the Base of a Number The following keystrokes do various base conversions Convert 125.9910 to hexadecimal, octal, and binary numbers Converts the decimal number to base Base Use the key to type "F 11-2 Base Conversions and Arithmetic and Logic 161 Õ 164 Negative Numbers11-6 Base Conversions and Arithmetic and Logic 165 Range of NumbersRange of Numbers for Base Conversions Base Positive Integer Negative Integer of Largest Magnitude 166 Windows for Long Binary NumbersUsing base in program and equations11-8 Base Conversions and Arithmetic and Logic 167 Statistical Operations168 Entering One–VariableDataEntering Two–VariableData Correcting Errors in Data Entry12-2 Statistical Operations 169 To correct statistical data:Reenter the incorrect data, but instead of pressing 2.Enter the correct value(s) using Initial x, y Corrected x, y 20 400 40 Clears existing statistical data Enters the first new data pair Reenters the last data pair Deletes the first data pair Statistics Menus 170 s,σMean12-4 Statistical Operations ÕÕ( ) Four data pairs accumulated Calculates the mean price weighted for the quantity purchased 172 Sample Standard DeviationPress () for the standard deviation of x–values Press Õ() for the standard deviation of y–values Example: Sample Standard Deviation Clears the statistics registers Enters the first time Enters the remaining data; six data points entered Calculates the standard deviation time. 12-6 Statistical Operations 173 Population Standard DeviationÕÕÕ Linear RegressionL.R. (Linear Regression) Menu Menu Key 174 ˆ Õ ˆ12-8 Statistical Operations 175 (70, y)r m b 176 Õ( ˆ )Enters hypothetical x–value The predicted yield in tons per hectare Normalizing Close, Large Numbers Effect of Deleted Data 12-10 Statistical Operations 177 Summation StatisticsPressing gives you access to the contents of the statistics registers: () to recall the number of accumulated data sets Press Õ() to recall the sum of the x–values Press ÕÕ() to recall the sum of the y–values Press ÕÕÕ(), ÕÕÕÕ(), and ÕÕÕÕ ÕÕÕÕÕExample: Viewing the Statistics Registers Stores the second data pair (3,4) Displays VAR catalog and views n register views Σxy register 178 Access to the Statistics RegistersStatistics Registers Register Number 12-12 Statistical Operations 179 7 7 181 Programming183 Simple Programming184 13-2 Simple ProgrammingKeys:Display: (In ALG mode) 185 X Selecting a Mode 186 Program Boundaries (LBL and RTN)return Notice that the line numbers acquire an to match their label Program Labels routines letter–key Programs can not have more than 999 lines Program Returns Using RPN, ALG and Equations in ProgramsYou can calculate in programs the same ways you calculate on the keyboard: 13-4 Simple Programming Strengths of RPN Operations 187 Data Input and Output189 Clear functions and backspace key190 Function Names in ProgramsA 191 ER R 192 Executing a Program (XEQ)Press label to execute the program labeled with that letter: If necessary, enter the data before executing the program A E A Enters the radius, then starts program A. The resulting area is displayed 13-10 Simple Programming 193 Testing a Program194 Value of π25π In a program, you can get data in these ways: From variables that already have values stored In a program, you can display information in these ways: 13-12 Simple Programming 195 Using INPUT for Entering DataVariable where "R" is the variable's name "?" is the prompt for information, and 0.0000 is the current value stored in the variable The area–of–a–circleprogram with an INPUT instruction looks like this: RPN mode ALG modeπ π To use the INPUT function in a program: 1.Decide which data values you will need, and assign them names 196 To respond to a prompt:13-14 Simple Programming 197 Using VIEW for Displaying Datadisplay only Pressing copies this number to the X–register Pressing (or ) erases the VIEW display and shows the X–register Pressing clears the contents of the displayed variable Press to continue the program 198 Using Equations to Display Messages ÇR ÇH 199 R HV R 4R H V OL A RE A V S 200 Displaying Information without Stopping201 Programming a Stop or Pause (STOP, PSE)Interrupting a Running Program Error Stops202 To delete a program line:Select the relevant program or routine and press 3.Key in the new instruction, if any. This replaces the one you deleted 4.Exit program entry ( or ) To insert a program line: Locate and display the program line that is Key in the new instruction; it is inserted To edit operand, expression or equation in a program line: 1.Locate or display the program line that you want to edit Õ key actives the cursor to the left of the program line Ökey actives the cursor to the end of the program line 13-20 Simple Programming An e 203 Viewing Program MemoryPress to move the program pointer to Press label nnn to move to a specific line 204 Memory UsageThe Catalog of Programs (MEM)Execute a labeled program. (Press or while the label is displayed.) Display a labeled program. (Press while the label is displayed.) Delete specific programs. (Press while the label is displayed.) See the checksum associated with a given program segment. (Press .) 13-22 Simple Programming 205 Clearing One or More ProgramsThe Checksum67 bytes The following functions of the HP 35s are not programmable: label line number Ø, ×,Ö, Õ 206 Ø, ×207 Selecting a Base Mode in a ProgramNumbers Entered in Program LinesDecimal mode set: 208 Ax4 + Bx3 + Cx2 + Dx + EWrite a program using RPN operations for 5x4 + 2x3, then evaluate it for x 13-26 Simple Programming 209 A XA 211 Programming TechniquesA subroutine can itself call other subroutines The flow diagrams in this chapter use this notation: line number marked 1 ("from 1") marked 1 ("to 1") to this line Starts here Calls subroutine E Returns here Starts subroutine Change sign of the number Returns to routine D 212 Nested Subroutines215 A Programmed GTO InstructionUsing GTO from the Keyboard 217 Tests of Comparison (x?y, x?0)219 FlagsMeanings of Flags overflow automatically 220 FlagFraction–ControlFlags Clear 14-10 Programming Techniques 221 Flag 10 controls program execution of equations:1.Program execution halts 2.The program pointer moves to the next program line it doesn't affect automatic prompting during keyboard execution Flag 11 is automatically cleared after evaluation, SOLVE, or 222 Annunciators for Set FlagsUsing Flags Pressing displays the FLAGS menu: FLAGS Menu n Set flag. Sets flag n n Clear flag. Clears flag n n Is flag set? Tests the status of flag n 14-12 Programming Techniques 224 Use above program to see how to use flagsS value value Executes label S; prompts for X value Stores 1 in X; prompts Y value Stores 1 in X ;displays X value after flag test Displays Y value after flag test You can try other three cases. Remember to press () and () to clear flag 1 and 0 after you try them Example: Controlling the Fraction Display Messages in this program are listed as MESSAGE and are entered as equations: 1.Set Equation–entrymode by pressing (the EQN annunciator turns on) letter 14-14 Programming Techniques 225 Begins the fraction programClears three fraction flags Displays messages Selects decimal base Prompts for a number Prompts for denominator (2 – 4095) number Sets /c value and sets flag Sets flag Goes to beginning of program Use the above program to see the different forms of fraction display: 226 FExecutes label F; prompts for a fractional number (V) Stores 2.53 in V; prompts for denominator (D) little below shows the fraction Stops the program and clears flag looping 14-16 Programming Techniques 227 Conditional Loops (GTO)228 Loops with Counters (DSE, ISG)When you want to execute a loop a specific number of times, use the ) or For a count–downloop, use variable For a count–uploop, use variable These functions accomplish the same thing as a FOR–NEXTloop in BASIC: variable = initial–value final–value increment variable A DSE instruction is like a FOR–NEXTloop with a negative increment loop–control number The Loop–ControlNumber ±ccccccc.fffii ±ccccccc changes fff 14-18 Programming Techniques 229 cccccccfffii ccccccc — fff fff ccccccc + If current value If current value ≤ final value final value, exit continue loop loop 230 The Variables "I" and "J14-20 Programming Techniques STO INPUT DSE RCL VIEW ISG STO +,–, ⋅ ,⎟ ∫ FN d x RCL +,–, ⋅ ,⎟ SOLVE 231 The Indirect Address, (I) and (J)I to J 232 If I/J contains:Then (I)/(J) will address: variable A or label A variable Z or label Z error: (J) INPUT ) or 14-22 Programming Techniques STO(I)/(J) INPUT(I)/(J) RCL(I)/(J) VIEW(I)/(J) STO +, –,⋅ ,⎟, (I)/(J) DSE(I)/(J) RCL +, –,⋅ ,⎟, (I)/(J) ISG(I)/(J) X<>(I)/(J) X )/(J) FN=(I)/(J) FN ∫ FN d(I)/(J) FN d You can not solve or integrate for unnamed variables or statistic registers 233 Program Control with (I)/(J)Equations with (I)/(J) Unnamed indirect variables234 “12345” into addressstorage range is now “0-150” still “0-150” Display “INVALID (I)”, because address “170” is undefined 3.There is a maximum of 800 variables 14-24 Programming Techniques 235 Solving and Integrating Programs236 Begin the program with aunknown separate every 3.Enter the instructions to evaluate the function Example: Program Using ALG P x V= N x R x T P= Pressure (atmospheres or N/m2). V = Volume (liters) (0.0821 liter–atm/mole–Kor 8.314 J/mole–K) T = Temperature (kelvins; K = °C + 273.1) 15-2 Solving and Integrating Programs 237 G238 HP V N R T15-4 Solving and Integrating Programs 239 LP L Selects variable P; prompts for Retains 2 in V; prompts for N Retains .005 in N; prompts for R Retains .0821 in R; prompts for T Calculates new T Stores 287.1 in T; solves for new P 240 15-6 Solving and Integrating Programs241 Program Lines: (In RPN mode)Checksum and length: 62A0 11 Checksum and length: D45B 18 Setup for Index for Branches to main routine Setup for Y Index for Y Main routine Stores index in Defines program to solve Solves for appropriate variable Displays solution Ends program Calculates f (x,y). Include INPUT or equation prompting as required To integrate a programmed function: 242 15-8 Solving and Integrating Programs243 Si(t) = ∫ t)dx 244 ∫ MdD Q(D) 15-10 Solving and Integrating Programs 245 Recalls lower limit of integrationRecalls upper limit of integration. (X = D.) Specifies the function Integrates the normal function using the dummy variable D 247 Statistics Programs248 y = BeMxy = B + Mx y = BxM y = B + MIn 250 16-4 Statistics Programs252 Checksum and length: 889CCalculates xˆ = e(Y – B) ⎟ M Checksum and length: 0DBE Calculates yˆ= BeMX Branches to M005 Checksum and length: 9327 Calculates xˆ = (ln (Y ⎟ B)) ⎟ M Goes to N005 Checksum and length: 7219 This subroutine calculates yˆ for the power model Calculates Y= B (XM) Goes to K005 Checksum and length: 11B3 16-6 Statistics Programs 254 Flags Used:Program instructions: 1.Key in the program routines; press when done 2.Press and select the type of curve you wish to fit by pressing: Sfor a straight line; Lfor a logarithmic curve; Efor an exponential curve; or Pfor a power curve 3.Key in x–valueand press 4.Key in y–valueand press undo 6.After all data are keyed in, press Rto see the correlation coefficient, R 7.Press to see the regression coefficient B 8.Press to see the regression coefficient M 9.Press to see the value prompt for the xˆ, yˆ–estimationroutine 12.For more estimations, go to step 10 or 16-8 Statistics Programs 255 S 257 LE P–139.0088 "Upper tail" area 258 Q(x) = 0.5 − σ 12π ∫xx e−((x −x )⎟σ )2 ⎟2dx16-12 Statistics Programs 260 16-14 Statistics Programs5.To calculate X given Q(X), skip to step 9 of these instructions 6.To calculate Q(X) given X, D 9.To calculate X given Q(X), press I After the prompt, key in the value of DDummy variable of integration MPopulation mean, default value zero QProbability corresponding to the upper–tailarea SPopulation standard deviation, default value of π to the inverse XInput value that defines the left side of the upper–tailarea 262 S 16-16 Statistics Programs 263 D 264 S Starts the initialization routine Stores 55 for the mean Enters 90 for X and calculates Q(X) I Starts the inverse routine Stores 0.1 (10 percent) in Q(X) and calculates Resumes the inverse routine 16-18 Statistics Programs 266 16-20 Statistics ProgramsGroup 268 U 16-22 Statistics Programs 269 G 271 Miscellaneous Programs and Equations287 Support, Batteries, and ServiceA-2 Support, Batteries, and Service 288 A-2The calculator is powered by two 3-voltlithium coin batteries, CR2032 To install batteries: Have two fresh 用 BK+B 3.Turn the calculator over and slide off the battery cover Support, Batteries, and Service A-3 289 A-3A-4 Support, Batteries, and Service 290 A-4Reset Hole If these steps fail to restore calculator operation, it requires service Do the 3.Contact the Calculator Support Department listed on page A–8 1.Hold down the key, then press at the same time 3.Press the keys in the following sequence: Support, Batteries, and Service A-5 291 A-5A-6 Support, Batteries, and Service 292 A-6HP 35s Scientific Calculator; Warranty period: 12 months HP warrants to you, the Support, Batteries, and Service A-7 293 A-7Country : Telephone numbers Australia 1300-551-664or A-8 Support, Batteries, and Service 294 A-8Support, Batteries, and Service A-9 295 A-9A-10 Support, Batteries, and Service 296 A-10Support, Batteries, and Service A-11 297 A-11•Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna •Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver •Consult the dealer or an experienced radio or television technician for help Modifications P. O. Box 692000, Mail Stop 530113 Houston, TX For questions regarding this FCC declaration, write to Hewlett-PackardCompany P. O. Box 692000, Mail Stop A-12 Support, Batteries, and Service 298 A-12Houston, TX 77269-2000or call HP at Canadian Notice Avis Canadien European Union Regulatory Notice This product complies with the following EU Directives: •Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC •EMC Directive 2004/108/EC Hewlett-PackardGmbH, HQ-TRE,Herrenberger Strasse 140, 71034 Boeblingen, Germany Support, Batteries, and Service A-13 299 A-13Japanese Notice VCCI Perchlorate Material - special handling may apply A-14 Support, Batteries, and Service 300 A-14301 User Memory and the StackTo see the memory requirements of specific equations in the equation list: If necessary, scroll through the equation list (press To see the total memory requirements of specific programs: 1.Press () to display the first label in the program list Scroll through the program list (press Optional: Press To see the memory requirements of an equation in a program: 1.Display the program line containing the equation 2.Press to see the checksum and length. For example The calculator can reset itself if it is dropped or if power is interrupted B-2 User Memory and the Stack 302 B-21.Press and hold down the key 2.Press and hold down ¥ User Memory and the Stack B-3 303 B-3Category CLEAR ALL MEMORY CLEAR (Default) B-4 User Memory and the Stack 304 B-4305 Disabling OperationsNeutral OperationsUser Memory and the Stack B-5 B-5ˆ ˆ B-6 User Memory and the Stack 306 B-6User Memory and the Stack B-7 307 B-7308 B-8309 ALG: Summary323 More about Solvingf (x) Function Whose Roots Can Be Found D-2 More about Solving 324 D-2If it finds an estimate for which f(x) equals zero. (See figure a, below.) Example: An Equation With One Root Find the root of the equation: –2x3 + 4x2 – 6x + 8 Enter the equation as an expression: More about Solving D-3 325 D-3Select Equation mode Enters the equation 326 XX XNow, solve the equation to find the root: X _ XInitial guesses for the root Final two estimates are the same to four decimal places f(x) is very small, so the approximation is a good root Example: An Equation with Two Roots Find the two roots of the parabolic equation: x2 + x – 6 D-4 More about Solving D-4 327 XX X D-5Special Case: A Discontinuity and a Pole 328 XÕD-6 329 X _ − 1 X4 Õ D-7 330 X _ D-8Case Where No Root Is Found 331 D-9332 X X D-10 333 X4 X ÕÕD-11 334 X D-12 335 X _ D-13 336 D-14337 More about Integrationwhose E-2 More about Integration 338 E-2For example, consider the approximation of 339 ∫0∞ xe−xdx340 E-4341 E-5E-6 More about Integration 342 E-6Rerun the previous integration problem with this new limit of integration: 343 New upper limit X ∫ Integral. (The calculation takes a minute or two.) Uncertainty of approximation E-8 More about Integration 344 E-8346 E-10347 MessagesF-2 Messages 348 F-2349 F-3SOLVE (include EQN and PGM mode)cannot find the not found, point of interest, left unequal to right. A SOLVE operation executed in a program does not to skip the next program line (the line following the instruction variable) result is too large for the calculator to handle. The on page .) This condition sets flag 6. If flag 5 is set overflow has the added effect of halting a running you press a key Indicates the "top" of program memory. The memory the last line in program memory (label) while a SOLVE operation was running a SOLVE operation was running while a SOLVE operation was running root. This might take a while Attempted to calculate the square root of a negative F-4 Messages 350 F-4Statistics error: Attempted to do a statistics calculation with n Attempted to calculate sx sy, xˆ , yˆ , m, r, or b with n Attempted to calculate r, xˆ or xw with x–dataonly (all y–valuesequal to zero) Attempted to calculate xˆ , yˆ , r, m, or b with all x– values equal clears the error message and allows you to correct the error –34,359,738,368 ≤ n ≤34,359,738,367 ∫FN each uses a level, they can also generate this error Self–TestMessages: The self–testand the keyboard test passed n calculator requires service Messages F-5 351 F-5352 F-6353 Operation Index354 ÖorÕØ G-2 355 ÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕÕ ∑(xi − x)2 ⎟ n ÕÕÕ(σ) ∑(yi − y)2 ⎟ n G-3 356 ÕÕÕÕ()G-4BIN CF n CLΣ CLx () Indicates a binary number Displays the base–conversionmenu () Selects Binary (base 2) mode Denominator Converts ° F to ° C () n Clears flag n (n = 0 through 11) Clears all stored data, equations, and programs Clears all programs (calculator in Program mode) Clears x (the X–register)to zero 11–21 11–1 1–1 1–29 13–19 5–4 4–141 14–12 1–5 13–23 12–1 3–6 2–3 2–7 Operation Index G-5 357 G-5358 G-6359 G-7360 7/AG-8 361 G-9362 ÕÕÕ()G-10 363 ∑(xi − x)(yi − y)G-12 Operation Index 364 G-12365 G-13∑(xi − x)2 ⎟ (n − 1) ∑(yi − y)2 ⎟ (n − 1) G-14 Operation Index 366 G-14367 ÕÕÕ(≤) ÕÕÕ(>) ÕÕÕÕ(≥) G-15 368 Õ ≤ÕÕÕ(>) ÕÕÕÕ(≥) ÕÕÕÕÕ(=) 8 Õ G-16 369 G-17370 G-18371 Index372 Index-2373 Index-3374 memory in 13-16multiple roots 7-9no root 7-8numbers innumeric value of 6-10, 6-11, 7-1, 7-7 15-1, 15-8roots scrolling 6-7, 13-7, 13-16solving 7-1, D-1 stack usage storing variable value 6-12syntax 6-14 TVM equation 17-1types of variables in 6-3, 7-1with (I)/(J) error messages F-1errors clearing 1-4correcting 2-8, F-1 C-5 ∫FN. See integration not programmable 5-10toggles display mode 5-1, A-2toggles flag FIX format 1-21 See also display format flags annunciators setting 14-12testing 14-9, 14-12unassigned flow diagrams 14-2FN in programs 15-6, 15-10integrating programs 15-8solving programs fractional-partfunction 4-17 Fraction-displaymode affects rounding 5-8affects VIEW 13-15setting 5-1, A-2 fractions accuracy indicator 5-2, 5-3and equations and programs 5-10, 13-15, 14-9denominators 1-26, 5-4, 14-10 14-14displaying 5-2, 5-4, A-2flags formats not statistics registers 5-2reducing 5-2, 5-6rounding 5-8 round-off setting format 5-6, 14-10, 14-14typing functions in equations 6-5, 6-16list of G-1 names in display 13-8nonprogrammable 13-24 real-number single argument 1-18, 2-9two argument 1-19, 2-9 future balance (finance) Index-4 375 finds PRGM TOP 13-6, 13-21,14finds program labels 13-10,13- 22 finds program lines 13-22, 14-5gamma function go to. See GTO grads (angle units) 4-4, A-2Grandma Hinkle 12-7Greatest integer grouped standard deviation 16-18GTO 14-4 guesses (for SOLVE) 7-2, 7-7, 7-8,7- 12 help about calculator A-1 HEX annunciator 11-1hex numbers. See numbers arithmetic 11-4converting to 11-2range of 11-7typing hexadecimal numbers. See hex numbers i 3-9 (i) 14-20, 14-21 imaginary part (complex numbers) 9-1, C-8 indirect addressing 14-20, 14-21,14 integer-partfunction 4-17integration accuracy 8-2, 8-6, E-1 in programs limits of 8-2, 15-8, C-8, E-7memory usage 8-2purpose restrictions 15-11results on stack 8-2, 8-6stopping 8-2, 15-8subintervals E-7 j 3-9, 14-20 (j) keys alpha 1-3letters 1-3shifted logarithmic curve fitting Index-5 376 logarithmic functions 4-1, 9-3, C-5logicloop counter 14-18, 14-23looping 14-16, 14-17Łukasiewicz program catalog 1-28, 13-22reviews memory 1-28variable catalog mantissa mass conversions 4-14math stack operation 2-5, 9-2maximum of function D-8mean menu means (statistics) calculating 12-4normal distribution memory amount available clearing 1-5, 1-29, A-1, A-4, B-1, B-3 clearing equations clearing programs 1-28, 13-6,13 clearing statistics registers 12-2clearing variables full A-1 maintained while off 1-1programs 13-21, B-2size 1-28, B-1 stack usage B-1 MEMORY CLEAR A-4, B-3, F-3MEMORY FULL B-1, F-3menu keys menus example of using 1-8general operation 1-6leaving 1-4 list of messages clearing displaying 13-16, 13-18in equations 13-16responding to 1-27, F-1summary of F-1 minimum of function D-8 MODES menu angular mode money (finance) 17-1multiplication, dividision numbers, octal numbers, variables bases 10-1 changing sign of 1-15, 9-3clearing 1-4, 1-5, 1-17complex display format 1-21, 11-6E in 1-15, A-1 Index-6 377 periods and commas in 1-23, A-1precision D-13prime Ä1-1 one-variablestatistics 12-2overflow flags 14-9, F-4 result of calculation 1-17, 11-5setting response 14-9, F-4testing occurrence in arithmetic in equations 6-5, 6-6, 6-15pause. See PSE population standard deviations 12-7power annunciator 1-1, A-3 calculations PRGM TOP 13-4, 13-7, 13-21, F-4prime number generator 17-7probability normal distribution 16-11program catalog 1-28, 13-22program labels branching to 14-2, 14-4, 14-16checksums clearing 13-6duplicate 13-6entering 13-4, 13-6executing indirect addressing 14-20, 14-21 moving to 13-22purpose 13-4typing name 1-3viewing 13-21, B-4 Program-entrymode 1-4, 13-6programs. See program labels ALG operations 13-4base mode branching 14-2, 14-4, 14-6,14 12, 14-17 data input 13-5, 13-13, 13-14data output 13-5, 13-14 Index-7 378 Index-8379 rolling the stack 2-3, C-7root functions 4-3roots. See SOLVEchecking 7-7, D-3in programs 15-6multiple none found 7-8, D-8of equations 7-1of programs rounding fractions 5-8, 13-18numbers round-offfractions 5-8integration 8-6SOLVE D-13statistics 12-10trig functions routines calling nesting 14-2, 15-11parts of programs origins 2-1running programs 14-14 binary numbers 11-8equations 6-7, 13-7 shift keys sign (of numbers) 1-15, 9-3, 11-6sign conventions (finance) 17-1Sign value how it works 7-7, D-1in programs initial guesses 7-2, 7-7, 7-8, 7-12 minimum or maximum D-8multiple roots no restrictions no root found 7-8, 15-6, D-8pole D-6 results on stack 7-2, 7-7, D-3resuming round-off D-13stopping 7-2, 7-8using stack. See stack lift affected by prompts 6-14, 13-14complex numbers reviewing 2-3, C-7rolling 2-3, C-7 separate from variables Index-9 380 Index-10381 angle between two vectorsIndex-11
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