A.O.SMITH SERVICE HANDBOOK
Residential Gas and Electric Water Heaters
SERVICE HANDBOOK
TABLE OF CONTENTS
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Introduction
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Rev 1 adds Technical Bulletins Rev 2 corrects illustration errors
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Qualifications Tools Required
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GENERAL SECTION SERVICE GUIDELINES
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Formulas
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Centimeters = Inches X MM millimeters =Inches X Meters = Inches X
CONSTRUCTION
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INSTALLATION OF RESIDENTIAL GAS WATER HEATER
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Exhaust Vent to Outside of Building Union Union See Manual and
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RESIDENTAL GAS WATER HEATER SERVICE
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Construction See also “General” section of this manual
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AFTER HAVING CONFIRMED THAT THE WATER HEATER HAS BEEN INSTALLED
PER THE INSTALLATION MANUAL INSTRUCTIONS Normal Operation
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
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Temperature Two metal probes mounted onto the back of the control are immersed inside the tank water. One probe the shorter acts as a temperature high limit. If water gets excessively hot, a sensor within the probe opens, interrupts the small electrical current to the gas valve, and gas flow through the control is interrupted. If this safety sensor opens, the entire control must be replaced
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Setting
Approximate Temperature F
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Service
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
1,000
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Testing with
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
If …
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Electrical Testing
Thermocouple output test Procedures/Conditions
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Procedures
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
If …
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Condensation is a mild acid - it will corrode steel
If …
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Exhaust Venting Notes
“D” - Typically, same or larger diameter as Draft Hood outlet
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STANDARD RESIDENTIAL ELECTRIC WATER HEATERS INSTALLATION
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
SOME MODELS MAY HAVE SIDE OR REAR CONNECTIONS
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
STANDARD RESIDENTIAL ELECTRIC WATER HEATERS
information also applies to single element models
Construction
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STANDARD RESIDENTIAL ELECTRIC WATER HEATER SERVICE GUIDELINES
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
B A C
Voltage Notes
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Surface Mounted Thermostat s and High Limit s
Circuit
C-2 Circuit Single element Single thermostat Single High Limit
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
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C-2 CIRCUIT
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Normal Sequence of Operation
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A-6 CIRCUIT
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
A-6 Circuit
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WIRING DIAGRAM A-6 Circuit
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A-6 Circuit - Standard on dual
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
A-7 Circuit
Prior to
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Cold tank of water Single Electrical Service Single Phase A-7 Circuit
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Prior to
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WIRING DIAGRAM A-7 - Post
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
A-7 Circuit
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Cold tank of water Single Electrical Service Single Phase
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RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
CERTIFICATION AND APPROVALS
UL - UL-174 applies to Residential Electric Water Heaters
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Three Phase - Unbalanced Circuit
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
SIMULTANEOUS DUAL ELEMENTS
SERVICE
Testing C-2 type - single element, single controls type circuit
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Procedures
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Procedure
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Complaint
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Test between the two element terminals
If …
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Test around red wire then black wire to element
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Grounded Element Check - Amperage Method
A-6 Circuit Servicing
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Element Test OHMS Resistance Check Test Conditions
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Testing with the Multimeter
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Complaint
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Test between Thermostat 2 and High Limit 4 or T2 and L4
If …
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Test Conditions
If …
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Testing The A-7 Wiring Circuit A-7 Circuit
Two elements Two thermostats Two high limits Four wires
Supply wiring may be a See Pages 25 and
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Procedure
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
Element Test OHMS Resistance Check Test Conditions
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Power on
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Voltage Checks
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Complaint
Lack of Hot Water
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Test Condition
If …
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Conditions
If …
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Miscellaneous Residential Electric Water Heater Service Items
Replacement elements
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SERVICE HANDBOOK A.O. SMITH TECHNICAL BULLETINS
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
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WHY WATER HEATER TANKS LEAK
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
WHAT
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WHY WATER HEATER TANKS LEAK -Continued
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WATER CONDITIONS
TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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WATER HAMMER
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Why? When & How To Remove Water Scale from Tank Type Water
The Mag-Erad Method of Cleaning Gas Fired Water Heaters
TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE
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TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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DISCOLORED WATER
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TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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SMELLY WATER
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PROCEDURE
TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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BULLETIN
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TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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BULLETIN
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TECHNICAL BULLETIN
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THERMAL EXPANSION
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LEAKING TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
TECHNICAL BULLETIN
RESIDENTIAL GAS AND ELECTRIC WATER HEATER
For every technical problem there is a solution
Go to “Product Code” and select “Service and Training Materials”
For additional information, contact
A.O. Smith Technical Information Department