Contents
Introduction
AlliedWare OS
Enabling query solicitation on multiple switches in a looped topology
Why convergence takes so long without query solicitation
Querier timer values
Snooper timer values
Products and software versions this note applies to
z one AT-8948 switch, with Software Version
For most examples in this How To Note, we used
z two Rapier 24i switches, with Software Version
IGMP feature
Queriers and Snoopers
IGMP overview
Messages
Choosing group addresses
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Avoid x.0.0.y, x.0.1.y, x.128.0.y, and x.128.1.y
Example
IGMP snooping
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
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process
Explanation of IGMP snooping
igmpsnooping on the Snooper
Using Show command output to investigate IGMP state
Next, look at the output of the command show ip igmp on the Querier
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This output now shows two entries, one for each of the following
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When a client leaves a group
Multiple potential IGMP queriers
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Example
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
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Explanation of Multiple potential IGMP queriers
When there are no group members
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When a client joins a group
Refresh time 228 secs
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IGMP proxy
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Example
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
Switch 3 is an IGMP Proxy
When there are no group members
Explanation of IGMP proxy
When a client joins a group
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Refresh time 243 secs
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When a client leaves a group
How query solicitation works
Query solicitation rapid recovery from topology changes
TC and sends
Initial state
Query Solicit QS
QS and sends
Example
Why convergence takes so long without query solicitation
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
Explanation from the perspective of switch 2, the snooper
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When link comes up again
shows this entry
Explanation from the perspective of switch 1, the querier
again forwarding the multicast stream out the port
Speeding up IGMP convergence in a non-looped topology
Enabling query solicitation on multiple switches in a looped topology
Switch 2 sends QS
from switch
to switch
Switch 1 sends GQ
Example
IGMP filtering controlling multicast distribution
types command
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
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Received
Explanation of IGMP filtering controlling multicast distribution
Passed
Dropped
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Example
IGMP throttling limiting the number of streams for each subscriber
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
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X Configure switch
Consider switch 2 after a client on port 2 has joined six groups from
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Note that the group list is sorted by refresh time, not group address
X Modify switch 2 Configuration
When we deny groups instead of replacing them
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Static IGMP
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Example
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
z enable IGMP z enable the interface as an IGMP interface
Switch 2 is an IGMP Snooper
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X Configure switch
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Explanation of Static IGMP
X Modify switch 3 Configuration
When we add a static entry on another switch
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port=5,26 counter
X Modify switch 3 Configuration
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MulticastPkts
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36350
MulticastPkts
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When a static entry’s port goes down
How clients leave groups queries and timers
Querier timer values
Overview of leave process
Snooper timer values
Consequences for high-loss and high-lag networks
Comparing the Querier and Snooper timers
Example
IGMP fast leave
set igmpsnooping fastleave=onoff interface=vlanx
set igmpsnooping vlan=vlanx fastleave=onoff
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
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Explanation of IGMP fast leave
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When fast leave is disabled
It is safe to ignore the group entry on switch
When you enable fast leave on switch
Similarly, we can easily disable Fast Leave on all interfaces
When you set fast leave on all interfaces
Multiple host mode for fast leave
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Timer and counter relationships
Configurable IGMP timers and counters
z Timer and counter relationships on page z Software versions on page
z Initial configuration on page z Default values on page
Software versions
Initial configuration
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
Configurable IGMP timers and counters Initial configuration
Default values
Last Member Query Count and Last Member Query Interval
What these counters do
How to change these counters
Potential problems with changing these counters
Last Member Query Interval
1/10secs
Last Member Query Count
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How to change this counter
Potential problems with changing this counter
Robustness Variable
What this counter does
What this timer does
Default Query Interval
Potential problems with changing this timer
How to change this timer
What this timer does
Query Response Interval
Potential problems with changing this timer
How to change this timer
Synchronisation of timers
Default Timeout Interval
What this timer does
Potential problems with changing this timer
Defaults First, the following output shows the default settings
Increase Default Query Interval
The Default Timeout Interval = 2*125 + 100/10 = 260 seconds
Next, change the Default Query Interval to 130 seconds
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Increase Query Response Interval
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Override Default Timeout Interval
Default Timeout Interval =
Default Timeout Interval = 2 * 200 + 10 = 410 seconds
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Timer
Example of bad choices for timer values
Default Timeout Interval
set ip igmp timeout=126
Problem 1 Last Member Query Interval too short
Problem 2 Query Response Interval short
Problem 3 Default Timeout Interval too short
not recommend this
For more information, see Synchronisation of timers on page
Stopping snoopers from snooping non-IGMP messages
Example
OSPF
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
X Configure switch
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X Configure the router
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Ports 25
Ports
Disabling All Groups entry for a port
Preventing an All Groups entry for a port
3. Reset port 24’s packet counters
2. Check the group entry timeout values
Enabling All Groups entry again
1. Permit port 24 to be an All Groups port again
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5. Check the group entry timeout values again
6. Enable IGMP debugging
8. Check the group entry timeout values again
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z the ports internal timer hits zero and is refreshed
z the streams group entry times out and is refreshed, or
It is most likely that the group entry will time out first
Controlling which addresses create All Groups entries
This option
packets from
Configuring switch
set igmpsnooping routermode=ip
delete igmpsnooping routeraddress=224.0.0.5
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Configuring switches 1 and
Adding other router addresses
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To return to the default list, change the router mode to default
Returning to the default list
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Using the other routermode options
Statically specifying that a port is a router port
2. Check the current IGMP snooping entries
Example
3. Statically add port 6 as a router port attached to VLAN
4. Stop port 6 from being a static router port
To remove the static configuration, simply delete it
IGMP debugging
X A client joins a group
Example
X A client leaves a group
X A port entry times out
X Snooped ports change
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X A report is filtered out
X A port in the All Groups list is unplugged
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X Output for show ip igmp changes
Appendix STP state
Switch
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Switch
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