Axis Communications AXIS 221 user manual Glossary of Terms

61Glossary of Terms

ActiveX - A software component, also refered to as a control, that integrates into and extends the Microsoft(R) Internet Explorer(TM) web browser. ActiveX controls are typicaly downloaded and installed dynamicaly by the browser from a web page.

AMC - AXIS Media Control. The control required for viewing video images in Internet Explorer. Installs automatically on first use.

API - Application Programming Interface. The Axis API can be used for integrating Axis products into other applications.

ARP - Address Resolution Protocol. A protocol used to associate an IP address to a hardware MAC address. A request is broadcast on the local network to find out what the MAC address is for the IP address.

ARTPEC - Axis Real Time Picture Encoder - used for video image compression.

CCD - Charge Coupled Device. CCD is one of the two main types of image sensors used in digital cameras. When a picture is taken, the CCD is struck by light coming through the camera’s lens. Each of the thousands or millions of tiny pixels that make up the CCD convert this light into electrons.

CGI - Common Gateway Interface. A set of rules (or a program) that allows a Web Server to communicate with other programs.

Client/Server - Describes the network relationship between two computer programs in which one, the client, makes a service request from another - the server.

DC-Iris - This special type of iris is electrically controlled by the Axis camera, to automatically regulate the amount of light allowed to enter.

DNS - The Domain Name System (DNS) locates and translates Internet domain names into IP (Internet Protocol) addresses.

Ethernet - A widely used networking standard.

ETRAX - A family of microprocessors developed by Axis.

Firewall - A virtual barrier between a LAN (Local Area Network) and other networks, e.g. the Internet.

FTP - File Transfer Protocol. Used for the simple transfer of files to and from an FTP-server.

Full-duplex- Transmission of data, e.g. audio, in two directions simultaneously. In an audio system this would describe e.g. a telephone system. Half-duplex also provides bi-directional communication, but only in one direction at a time, as in a walkie-talkie system. See also Simplex.

HTML - Hypertext Mark-up Language. Used widely for authoring documents viewed in web browsers.

HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol. The set of rules for exchanging files (text, images, sound, video, and other files) on the World Wide Web.

HTTPS - Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Socket Layer. A web protocol that provides encryption for page requests from users and for the pages returned by the web server.

Intranet - A private network limited to an organization or corporation. Usually closed to external traffic.

IP - Internet-Protocol. See TCP/IP.

IP address - A unique number used by a network device, to allow it to be identified and found on the network. The 32-bit IP address is made up of four groups (or quads) of decimal digits separated by periods. An example of an IP address is: 192.168.0.1

ISMA - Internet Streaming Media Alliance.

JPEG - A standard image format, used widely for photographs. Also known as JPG.

LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that typically share common resources within a limited geographical area.

Linux - A popular, free, open source, UNIX like operating system, developed in cooperation by various individuals and organizations.

Lux - A standard unit for the measurement of light, where 1 Lux equals the light emitted from a single candle at a distance of one meter.

Mbit/s - Megabits per second. A unit for measuring speeds in networks. A LAN might run at 10 or 100 Mbit/s.

MPEG-4- A video compression standard that makes good use of bandwidth, and which can provide high-quality video streams at less than 1 Mbit/s.

Multicast - A bandwidth-conserving technology that reduces bandwidth usage by simultaneously delivering a single stream of information to multiple network recipients.

NTSC - National Television Standards Committee. NTSC is the standard format used for televisions in most of North and Central America, and Japan.

NWAY - A network protocol that automatically negotiates the highest possible common transmission speed between two devices.

PAL - Phase Altering Line. PAL is the standard format used for televisions in most of the world (other than the US, Canada, and Japan).

PEM - Privacy Enhanced Mail. An early standard for securing electronic mail. The PEM-format is often used for representing an HTTPS certificate or certificate request.