Honeywell ST 3000 10.4 Calibrating Range with SFC

6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 User’s Manual 189

10.4 Calibrating Range with SFC

Background The ST 3000 Smart Transmitter has two-point calibration. This means

when you calibrate two points in the calibration range all the points in

that range adjust to that calibration.

Procedure The procedure in Table 58 shows the steps for calibrating a differential

pressure (DP) type transmitter to a range of 0 to 200 inH2O for example

purposes. This procedure assumes that the transmitter is removed from

the process and located in a controlled environment.

ATTENTION You must have a precision pressure source with an accuracy of 0.04% or

better to do a range calibration. Note that we factory calibrate ST 3000

Smart Transmitters with inches of water ranges using inches of water

pressure referenced to a temperature of 39.2 °F (4°C).

Table 58 Calibrating Measurement Range With SFC

Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description

1 Connect power supply and SFC to

signal terminals on transmitter’s terminal

block. Connect a calibration-standard

pressure source to high pressure side of

DP type transmitter.

See Figure 52 for typical SFC,

power supply, and pressure source

hookup for calibration.

2 Turn on power supply and allow

transmitter to stabilize its operation for

approximately 30 minutes.

3 Turn on SFC.

4 DE READ

A

ID

TA ON.G

?TRIPS SECURED?

Does not apply for bench calibration.

5 NON-VOL

ENTER

(Yes)

TA ON.G

SFC WORKING.. .

LIN AG NO.DP T

PT3Ø11

Acknowledge prompt and establish

communications with sample

transmitter PT 3011 to be calibrated.

6 Adjust pressure source to apply

pressure equal to LRV (0%)

7 E

LRV

0%

PTLRV 3Ø111

ØØØ

.

ØØ "H2O_39F

Present LRV setting. If displayed

value does not match applied

pressure, key in matching LRV

value or adjust pressure

accordingly.

8 RESET

K

COR-

RECT

PTLRV

L

3Ø1 1

T

1

RRRECO VC?

Prompt asks if LRV is to be

calibrated to applied reference

pressure. If it is to be calibrated, go

to next Step. If it isn’t, press [CLR]

key and try again.

Continued on next page

Contents

Main ST 3000 Smart Transmitter Release 300 and Smart Field Communicator Model STS103 Users Manual Copyright, Notices, and Trademarks About This Publication References Symbol Definitions Page Page Page Page Figures Page Tables Acronyms Technical Assistance Page Section 1 Overview - First Time Users Only 1.1 Introduction 1.2 ST 3000 Smart Transmitters Page Page Page Table 1 ST 3000 Pressure Transmitter Family. Table 1 ST 3000 Pressure Transmitter Family, continued. 1.3 Smart Field Communicator Page 1.3 Smart Field Communicator, Table 2 SFC Model Differences, continued 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 11 1.4 Transmitter/SFC Order Order components Figure 5 shows the components that would be shipped and received for Ordered Shipped Received 1.4 Transmitter/SFC Order, 1.5 Local Smart Meter Options the available Local Smart Meter and/or Zero and Span Adjust options as shown in Table 3. Table 3 Local Smart Meter Available Options 1.5 Local Smart Meter Options, Continued Section 2 Quick Start Reference 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Getting ST 3000 Transmitter On-Line Quickly Section 3 Preinstallation Considerations 3.1 Introduction 3.2 CE Conformity (Europe) Notice 3.3 Considerations for ST 3000 Transmitter 3.3 Considerations for ST 3000 Transmitter, 3.3 Considerations for ST 3000 Transmitter, 3.4 Considerations for SFC 3.4 Considerations for SFC, 3.5 Considerations for Local Smart Meter Option Section 4 Installation 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Mounting ST 3000 Transmitter Page Table 9 Mounting ST 3000 Transmitter to a Bracket, continued Table 9 Mounting ST 3000 Transmitter to a Bracket, continued ATTENTION Page 4.2 Mounting ST 3000 Transmitter Page Page Page Page Page Remote seal mounting, continued Table 11 Mounting Remote Diaphragm Seal Transmitter, continued Step Action 3 If Transmitter Model Then Connect Remote Number is Seal on 4 4.3 Piping ST 3000 Transmitter Page Process connections Table 13 describes typical process connections for a given type of transmitter. Table 13 Process Connections Transmitter Type Process Connection Page Page 4.4 Wiring ST 3000 Transmitter Page Page Page Page - Section 5 Getting Started 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Establishing Communications Starting communications Once you connect the SFC to the transmitter or loop wiring, you are Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 OR Table 17 Starting Communications with Transmitter, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 5 OR OR 6 Starting communications, Table 17 Starting Communications with Transmitter, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 7 5.3 Making Initial Checks Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description OR 2 3 Page 5.3 Making Initial Checks, 18 8 % - 0 K 5.4 Changing Mode of Operation Procedure If you need to change your transmitters mode of operation, use the Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description OR OR 5.4 Changing Mode of Operation, Keystroke summary Figure 22 shows keystroke summary for changing mode of operation for quick reference. Figure 22 Keystroke Summary for Changing Mode of Operation. ^ Section 6 Configuration 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Overview Page Page Page What to configure, Table 20 Summary of Pressure Transmitter Configuration Parameters, continued Configuration Data Setting or Selection Mode of Output Signal Indication Message Format ATTENTION What to configure, Table 20 Summary of Pressure Transmitter Configuration Parameters, continued Configuration Data Setting or Selection Failsafe Mode decisions associated with configuring an ST 3000 pressure transmitter. Figure 25 Flowchart ST 3000 Pressure Transmitter Configuration. NO YES A B 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 67 continued Figure 25 Flowchart ST 3000 Pressure Transmitter Configuration, continued. Figure 25 Flowchart ST 3000 Pressure Transmitter Configuration, continued. C NO YES B 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 69 continued End Figure 25 Flowchart ST 3000 Pressure Transmitter Configuration, Continued. Page 6.3 Entering a Tag Number want to record the configuration data for your transmitter. Procedure The procedure in Table 21 shows how to enter a sample tag number of PT 3011 into the transmitters configuration database. Table 21 Entering Tag Number Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 6.3 Entering a Tag Number, Procedure, continued Table 21 Entering Tag Number, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 5 Keystroke summary Figure 26 shows keystroke summary for entering tag number for quick 6.4 Selecting Output Form Background You can select the transmitters output to represent a straight linear Procedure The procedure in Table 22 shows how to select the desired output conformity. ATTENTION If the transmitter is equipped with a local smart meter, you must Page 6.4 Selecting Output Form, 6.5 Adjusting Damping Time 6.5 Adjusting Damping Time, 6.6 Selecting Unit of Measurement Background You can choose to have the pressure measurements displayed in one of THEN sequentially press the preprogrammed engineering units in the SFC. Procedure Table 24 lists the pre-programmed units and shows how to select them. 6.6 Selecting Unit of Measurement, THEN sequentially press Procedure, continued Table 24 Pre-Programmed Engineering Units for Selection, continued IF you want URV, LRV, etc. displayed in 6.7 Setting Range Values Using SFC Procedure 1, Table 25 Keying in LRV and URV, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 5 Keystroke 1 summary Figure 30 shows keystroke summary for keying in LRV and URV for pressures. Table 26 Setting LRV and URV to Applied Pressures 7 3 Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 Procedure 2, Table 26 Setting LRV and URV to Applied Pressures, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description Keystroke 2 summary Figure 31 shows keystroke summary for setting LRV and URV to 6.8 Setting Range Values Using Local Adjustments Procedure, continued Step Action 3 Procedure, continued Step Action 4 5 If reading Then . Procedure, continued Table 27 Setting Range Values Using Local Zero and Span Step Action 6 . ATTENTION . ATTENTION Procedure, continued Step Action 7 8 If reading Then Procedure, continued Table 27 Setting Range Values Using Local Zero and Span Step Action 9 . Procedure, continued Table 27 Setting Range Values Using Local Zero and Span Adjustments, continued Step Action 10 11 12 13 14 6.9 Selecting Output Signal Mode (DE Mode Only) 6.9 Selecting Output Signal Mode (DE Mode Only), Procedure , continued Table 28 Selecting Mode of Output Signal Indication, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 4 Page 6.10 Selecting Message Format (DE Mode Only) Background You can select one of these broadcast formats for the digital signal transmission as described in Table 20. 4-Byte type 6-Byte type Procedure The procedure in Table 29 outlines the steps for selecting a 6-Byte type format for example purposes only. Table 29 Selecting Message Format 6.10 Selecting Message Format (DE Mode Only), Procedure , continued Table 29 Selecting Message Format, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description Keystroke summary Figure 34 shows keystroke summary for selecting the message format for 6.11 Configuring Smart Meter Using SFC Page Page Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 5 6 If EU is Then Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 7 8 9 10 +_ Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 11 12 13 14 Keystroke summary Figure 35 shows the keystroke summary for configuring the Local Smart Meter Not Supported Cu st om , GP M, or GPH unit only Hi Limit Lo Limit 6.12 Configuring Smart Meter Using Pushbuttons 18.808 Decrease pushbutton - K Increase pushbutton Page Table 32 Smart Meter Engineering Units Code explosionproof. Selecting Engineering Units, Table 33 Selecting Engineering Units EU Selecting Engineering Units, Table 33 Selecting Engineering Units, continued Step Action Meter Display 3 EU 4 . Selecting Engineering Units, U Table 33 Selecting Engineering Units, continued L Step Action Meter Display 5 . Page Setting Lower Display Values, Table 35 Setting Lower Display Values for Smart Meter Display Step Action Meter Display 1 0. 00 2 19 .99 Setting Lower Display Values, 19 . 99 4 Setting Lower Display Values, Table 35 Setting Lower Display Values for Smart Meter Display, continued Step Action Meter Display 5 000. 000. Setting Lower Display Values, Table 35 Setting Lower Display Values for Smart Meter Display, continued Step Action Meter Display 10 11 000. 13 14 000. 19 .99 Setting Upper Display Values, Table 36 Setting Upper Display Value for Smart Meter Display, continued Step Action Meter Display 3 19 990 4 Setting Upper Display Values, Step Action Meter Display 5 6 7 Setting Upper Display Values, Table 36 Setting Upper Display Value for Smart Meter Display, continued Step Action Meter Display 8 9 Table 36 Setting Upper Display Value for Smart Meter Display, continued Step Action Meter Display 11 12 13 Setting Upper Display Values, Step Action Meter Display 14 Button Pushing Summary Figure 36 shows button pushing summary for the smart meter display to End A 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 121 Button Pushing Summary Figure 37 shows button pushing summary for the smart meter display to A 6.13 Disconnecting SFC Section 7 Startup 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Startup Tasks 7.3 Running Analog Output Check Background You can put the transmitter into a constant-current source mode to is in the constant-current source mode. Procedure The procedure in Table 38 outlines the steps for using a transmitter in its Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 7.3 Running Analog Output Check, Procedure, continued Table 38 Using Transmitter in Constant-Current Source Mode, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 7 7.3 Running Analog Output Check, SFC Figure 38 Typical SFC and Meter Connections for Constant-Current Source Mode. 7.4 Flow Measurement with DP Transmitter 7.4 Flow Measurement with DP Transmitter, Procedure, continued Table 39 Starting Up DP Transmitter for Flow Measurement With SFC, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 3 6 7.4 Flow Measurement with DP Transmitter, Procedure, continued Table 39 Starting Up DP Transmitter for Flow Measurement With SFC, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 10 11 12 7.5 Pressure Measurement with DP Transmitter Procedure The procedure in Table 40outlines the steps for starting up a differential Table 40 Starting Up DP Transmitter for Pressure Measurement With SFC Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 7.5 Pressure Measurement with DP Transmitter, Procedure, continued Table 40 Starting Up DP Transmitter for Pressure Measurement With SFC, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 7.6 Liquid Level Measurement - Vented Tank 7.6 Liquid Level Measurement - Vented Tank, Procedure, continued Table 41 Starting Up DP Transmitter for Liquid Level Measurement in Vented Tank Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 7.6 Liquid Level Measurement - Vented Tank, Procedure, continued Table 38 Starting Up DP Transmitter for Liquid Level Measurement in Vented Tank, Continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 9 ATTENTION 7.7 Liquid Level Measurement - Pressurized Tank Procedure, continued Table 42 Starting Up DP Transmitter for Liquid Level Measurement in Pressurized Tank Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 8 If you Then 9 10 11 12 Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 14 ATTENTION 15 7.8 Pressure or Liquid Level Measurement with GP Transmitter Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 3 6 Procedure, continued Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 10 11 12 7.9 Pressure or Liquid Level Measurement with Flush Mount Transmitter 7.10 Pressure Measurement with AP Transmitter 7.10 Pressure Measurement with AP Transmitter, Procedure, Table 44 Starting Up AP Transmitter for Pressure Measurement With SFC, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 5 7.11 Liquid Level Measurement with DP Transmitter with Remote Seals Procedure, continued Table 45 Starting Up DP Transmitter with Remote Seals for Liquid Level Measurement with SFC Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 4 If you Then 5 Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 8 If you Then 9 Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 10 11 12 Section 8 Operation 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Accessing Operation Data 8.2 Accessing Operation Data, Procedure, continued Table 46 Summary of Keystrokes for Operation Data Access, continued IF you want to view THEN use these keystrokes 8.2 Accessing Operation Data, Procedure, continued Table 46 Summary of Keystrokes for Operation Data Access, continued IF you want to view THEN use these keystrokes 8.3 Changing Default Failsafe Direction 8.3 Changing Default Failsafe Direction, Procedure, continued Table 47 Cutting Failsafe Direction Jumper Step Action 1 2 3 4 5 8.4 Writing Data in Scratch Pad Area Background You can enter or edit a message in the scratch pad area of memory consisting of two groups of 16 characters each through the SFC. Procedure The procedure in Table 48 outlines the steps for editing a sample Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 8.4 Writing Data in Scratch Pad Area, Procedure, continued Table 48 Writing Data in Scratch Pad Area, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 7 8 8.5 Saving and Restoring a Database Procedure The procedure in Table 49 outlines the steps for saving a database from one transmitter and restoring it in another. Table 49 Saving and Restoring a Database Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 4 5 6 Procedure, continued Table 49 Saving and Restoring a Database, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 11 12 Table 49 Saving and Restoring a Database, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 19 20 21 22 18 8 8.6 Monitoring Local Smart Meter Display - 0 K Table 50 Description of Display Indicators Shown in Figure 51, continued Display Indicator What It Means When Lit other combinations of status messages are possible. Typical operation indications, continued --- 20 . . K Table 52 Possible Smart Meter Error Codes. If error indication is . . . Then, it means Page Page Section 9 Maintenance 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Preventive Maintenance 9.3 Inspecting and Cleaning Barrier Diaphragms Table 53 Inspecting and Cleaning Barrier Diaphragms, continued Table 53 Inspecting and Cleaning Barrier Diaphragms, continued Torque ratings Table 54 lists process head bolt torque ratings for given transmitter type. Table 54 Process Head Bolt Torque Ratings 9.4 Replacing PWA Table 55 Replacing PWA. 9.4 Replacing PWA, Table 55 Replacing PWA, continued 9.4 Replacing PWA, Table 55 Replacing PWA, continued 9.5 Replacing Meter Body Page Procedure, continued Step Action 8 Typical Series 100 DP Transmitter Meter Body 9 Page Page Section 10 Calibration 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Overview 10.3 Calibrating Analog Output Signal Background You can calibrate the transmitters analog output circuit at its 0 and Procedure The procedure in Table 57 shows the steps for calibrating the output Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 4 Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 7 8 If reading is Then 9 Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 12 13 14 15 Procedure, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 17 18 19 20 10.4 Calibrating Range with SFC Background The ST 3000 Smart Transmitter has two-point calibration. This means Procedure The procedure in Table 58 shows the steps for calibrating a differential Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 10.4 Calibrating Range with SFC, Procedure, continued Table 58 Calibrating Measurement Range With SFC, continued Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 9 10 10.4 Calibrating Range with SFC, Figure 52 Typical Calibration Hookup. 10.5 Resetting Calibration 10.5 Resetting Calibration, Procedure The procedure in Table 59 shows how to reset calibration data in a transmitter with an SFC. Table 59 Resetting Calibration Data With SFC Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 4 Page Section 11 Troubleshooting 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Overview 11.3 Clearing the # Symbol From SFC Display 11.3 Clearing the # Symbol From SFC Display, Procedure, continued Table 60 Clearing the # Symbol from the SFC Display, continued If Message is. . . Then, Possible Cause is. . . And, Suggested Corrective Action is. . . 11.4 Diagnostic Messages Summary The diagnostic messages can be grouped into one of these five Non-critical failures Table 61 summarizes the non-critical SFC status message displays. All Message Description 11.4 Diagnostic Messages, Critical failures Table 62 summarizes the critical SFC status message displays. A critical Message Description Characterization PROM failure. 11.4 Diagnostic Messages, Table 63 Summary of Diagnostic Messages for Communication Errors, continued entry errors. Table 64 Summary of Diagnostic Messages for Invalid Key Entry Errors Table 65 Summary of Interrupt Messages For SFC Display 11.5 Running Status Check Procedure The procedure in Table 66 shows how to run a status check using the SFC. Table 66 Running a Status Check With SFC Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 4 11.6 Interpreting Messages Interpretation table Most of the diagnostic messages that can be displayed on the SFC are Message Possible Cause What to Do Page 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 205 continued Page 11.7 Checking SFC Display and Keyboard Procedure The procedure in Table 68 shows how to run an SFC display and keyboard test. Table 68 Running SFC Display and Keyboard Test Step Press Key Read Display or Action Description 1 2 3 Page Page 210 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 6/08 Figure 53 Major ST 3000 Smart Transmitter Parts Reference. ST 3000 Release 300 Electronic Housing Assembly See Fi g ur es 55 and 56 Met er B o die s 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 211 Figure 54 ST 3000 Transmitter Mounting Bracket Parts Reference. Table 69 Major ST 3000 Smart Transmitter Parts Reference. Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit Page 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 213 Table 70 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figures 55 and 56 Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit 214 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 6/08 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 215 Table 71 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 57. Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit 216 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 6/08 Table 71 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 57, continued Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit Optional Flange Adapter Kits (two heads) - Not Shown Process Head Kits (one head with PTFE head gasket) 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 217 Table 71 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 57, continued Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit Process Head Kits (one head w ith Viton head gasket) Figure 58 Series 900 DP Meter Body for Models Models STD924 & STD930 A, B, E, F, and J K1 K2 K3 K3 K2 K1 1 Table 72 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 58 Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit Figure 59 Series 100 GP and AP Meter Bodies and Series 900 AP Meter Body Table 73 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 59 Table 73 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 59, continued Table 74 Replacement GP and AP Process Head Part Numbers for Narrow Profile Meter Body 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 221 Figure 60 Series 900 Dual-Head GP Meter Bodies. 1 K1 K2 K3 K2 K1 Table 75 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 60 Figure 61 Series 100 and Series 900 LGP Meter Body. Table 76 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 61 Page Figure 63 Series 100 and Series 900 Flange Mounted Meter Body. 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 225 Table 78 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 63 Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit Optional Flange Adapter - Not Shown Figure 64 High Temperature Meter Body. Table 79 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 64 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 227 12.1 Replacement Parts, Table 79 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 64, continued Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit Figure 65 SFC Smart Field Communicator and Accessories. 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 229 Table 80 Parts Identification for Callouts in Figure 65. Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Unit Key No. Part Number Description Quantity Per Kit Table 81 Summary of Recommended Spare Parts Page Section 13 Reference Drawings 13.1 Wiring Diagrams Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Appendix A Table III Options in Model Number A.1 Table III Options Reference A.1 Table III Options Reference, Continued A.1 Table III Options Reference, Continued Page Appendix B Freeze Protection of Transmitters B.1 Possible Solutions/Methods Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page 246 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 6/08 Steam heating, continued See Figure B-8 and B-9 for typical piping installations. Table B-1 C 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 247 Steam heating, continued Page Page Page 6/08 ST 3000 Release 300 and SFC Model STS103 Users Manual 251 Appendix C Configuration Record Sheet ST 3000 Smart Transmitter Configuration Record Sheet Page Appendix D Hazardous Locations Reference D.1 North American Classification of Hazardous Locations Page Page The Apparatus Parameters are defined as follows. Page Table D-2 CSA Entity Parameters D.2 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Classification of Hazardous Locations in given locations. Page Table D-4 Standards Australia (LOSC) Certification Table D-5 Zone 2 (Europe) Declaration of Conformity D.3 Enclosure Ratings D.3 Enclosure Ratings, Continued Page Index A B C D M N O P R S T U V W