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Intel fortran-80 manual Appendix C Hollerith Data Type, C.1 Hollerith As A Data Type

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APPENDIX C

APPENDIX C

HOLLERITH DATA TYPE

The Hollerith data type is a carryover from FORTRAN 66. Generally speaking, the character data type provides a superior processing capability, and Hollerith has been retained in FORTRAN-80 primarily for compatibility with the earlier standard.

C.1 Hollerith As A Data Type

Although Hollerith is a data type, a symbolic name cannot be of type Hollerith. Hollerith data (other than Hollerith constants) are identified under the guise of an integer, real, or logical type name. It cannot be identified as type character.

Integer, real, or logical items can be defined with a Hollerith value using either the DATA or READ statements. Totally associated items then become associated with that Hollerith value also. When such a definition occurs, the defined item loses its integer, real, or logical characteristic.

C.2 The Hollerith Constant

The format of a Hollerith constant is

where 'n' is a nonzero, unsigned, integer constant and 'h' is any character represen- table in the processor. Blanks are significant in the character string following the

'H.'

Hollerith constants can appear only in a DATA statement and in the argument list of a CALL statement.

C.2.1 Hollerith Constants In DATA Statements

AHollerith constant may appear in the 'elist' of a DATA statement; the correspon- ding entity in 'nlist' must have type integer, real, or logical.

Foran. entity ()~t~pein:t~8~r, real, or logi9al,t?e~umbe~?fcharacters'Il'in the COP

responding Holleritnconstantmust belesstllanoreql;1{l:l to'~~'~here'g!.. ~s.the

len~thofthe~t{)r3'~e~~it()f:the ~ntity;·If 'n; j~ less thal1~.p,'t~~el'tityis jniti~lized with the ~n'Hollepithch~rfl;ctersextended.ontherjghtwith 'g~ntljlank characters.

Each Hollerith constant initializes exactly one variable or array element.

C.2.2 Hollerith Constants In CALL Statements

An actual argument in a CALL statement can be a Hollerith constant, so long as the corresponding dummy argument has type integer, real, or logical. This is an excep- tion to the rule that actual and dummy arguments must agree in type.

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Intel fortran-80 manual Appendix C Hollerith Data Type, C.1 Hollerith As A Data Type, C.2 The Hollerith Constant

Contents

Copyright 1978 Intel Corporation FORTRAN-SOPROGRAMMING MANUALManual Order Number: 9800481 A PRINTED IN U.S.A./A151/1279/5K CP PREFACE Page FORTRAN CONCEPTS CONTENTSPREFACE GLOSSARY CHAPTER INTRODUCTION TO FORTRAN CHAPTERFORTRAN-80STATEMENT SUMMARY ILLUSTRATIONSCHAPTER PROGRAMMING GUIDELINES APPENDIX AGLOSSARY Record - A sequence of values or characters 1.1.1 Comment Lines CHAPTER INTRODUCTION TO FORTRAN1.1 An Introductory Example 1.1.5 Output Statements 1.1.2 Type Statement1.1.3 Input Statements 1.1.4 Value Assignment Statement1.2.2 Nonexecutable Statements 1.2 Summary Of FORTRAN·SO Statements1.1.6 Program Termination 1.2.1 Executable Statements1.2.3 Order of Statements FEN:• • • • PROGRAM name 2.1.2 The PROG RAM Statement2.1.3 Statements and Lines 2.2.1 Character Set 2.2 FORTRAN Statement Elements2.2.2 Constants and Variables FORTRAN-80 ARITHMETICOVERFLOW ERROR MURPHYSLAW#4567Q+#AF2CH PNAME AB HITS AVGwhere +64101 #140102.2.4 Expressions and Operators 2.2.4.3 Relational Expressions is evaluated as if it were written 10FLAG = FLAG + IF FLAG1 .EQV. FLAG2 RETURN 15/3 + 18/9 = 15/3 + 2 = 15/5 = 2.2.5 Scope of Symbols15/3 + 18/9 = 5 + 2 = CALL sub arg,arg 2.3 Notational ConventionsPage 3.1.2 INTEGER Type Statement CHAPTER DEFINING VARIABLES ARRAYS, AND MEMORY3.1Type Statements 3.1.1 REAL Type Statement•va,luernustueiA, Qp4 3.1.3 LOGICAL Type Statementv* len aryd* len 3.1.4 CHARACTER Type Statement3.1.5 IMPLICIT Statement CHARACTER * len, name ,name3.2 Array Definition 3.2.2 Kinds of Array Declarators 3.2.1 DIMENSION Statementary s ,s 3.2.3 Properties of Arrays3.2.4 Referencing Array Elements Declarator 3.3 Assignment StatementsDimension ElementRESULT 3.3.1 Arithmetic Assignment StatementTYPE OF TYPE OF expv = exp 3.3.2 Logical Assignment Statement3.3.3Character Assignment Statement 3.3.4 ASSIG N Statementr*c,r*c 3.3.5DATA StatementASSIGN stlTO name DATA ZEROS 110*0/1,J,K 110,20,301 &NAMES2 IOTTI 3.4.1 EQUIVALENCE Statement3.4 Memory Definition DATA I,J,K/10,20,301COMMON /eb! nlist ,/ eb! nlist 3.4.2COMMON Statement3.4.2.2 Named and Blank Common Blocks 3.4.3BLOCK DATA Subprograms3.4.2.1 Common Block Memory Sequence 3.4.4 BLOCK DATA Statement 4.1.2 Computed GO TO Statement CHAPTER 4 PROGRAM EXECUTION CONTROLS4.1 Transferring Program Oontrol 4.1.1 Unconditional GO TO Statement4.1.4Arithmetic IF Statement GO TO name n, stl ,stlIFexps1,s2,s3 4.1.3Assigned GO TO Statement4.1.6 IF, ELSE IF, and ELSE Blocks 4.1.5 Logical IF Statement4.1.8ELSE IF Statement 4.1.7 Block IF Statement4.1.10 END IF Statement 4.1.9 ELSE Statement4.2.2 DO Statement 4.2 Loop Control Statements4.2.1 Operation of a DO Loop 4.2.3CONTINUE Statement 4.3 Program Termination Statements4.3.3EN 0 Statement 4.3.1 PAUSE Statement4.3.2 STOP Statement A = 33 + SQRT8 CHAPTER FUNCTIONS AND SUBROUTINES5.1Intrinsic and Statement Functions 5.1.1Intrinsic Functionstunc dum ,dum ... = exp 5.1.2 INTRI NSIC Statement5.1.3 Statement Functions INTRINSIC tunc ,tunc156.8 5.1.3.1 Referencing Statement Functions5.1.3.2 Statement Function Limitations typ FUNCTION tunc dum ,dum 5.2 External Procedures5.2.1 FUNCTION Statement 5.2.1.1 Referencing External Functions5.2.1.2 FUNCTION Subprogram Limitations 5.2.2Subroutines5.2.4 RETU RN Statement ~RETURNCA.~END 5.2.3 SUBROUTINE StatementEXTERNAL proe ,proe 5.2.5SAVE Statement5.2.6EXTERNAL Statement SAVE lebl ,Iebl5.2.7 CALL Statement 5.3 Arguments And Common Blocks RevisitedFunctions And Subroutines 5.3.1 Common Blocks5.3.2 Dummy And Actual Arguments 5.3.3 Association Of Arguments5.3.3.3 Arrays As Dummy Arguments 5.3.3.4 Procedures As Dummy Arguments5.3.3.1 Agreement Of Argument Lengths 5.3.3.2 Variables As Dummy ArgumentsFX, Y, 5.3.3.5Argument Association LimitationsPage 6.1.2 File Properties CHAPTER INPUT/OUTPUT6.1Records, Files, And Units 6.1.1Record Properties6.1.2.4 External And Internal Files 6.1.2.1 File Existence6.1.2.2 File Name 6.1.2.3 File Position6.1.3 Unit Properties 6.1.2.5 File Access6.2.1.21/0 Status Specifier 6.2 File-HandlingStatements6.2.1 OPEN Statement 6.2.1.1 Unit Specifier6.2.1.5 File Status Specifier 6.2.1.3 Error Specifier6.2.1.4 File Name Specifier 6.2.1.8 Record Length Specifier 6.2.1.6 Access Method Specifier6.2.1.7 Formatting Specifier 6.2.1.9 Blank Specifier CLOSE close-list 6.2.2CLOSE Statement6.2.1.11 Opening A Connected Unit 6.2.2.1 Unit SpecifierREWI N Darg-list 6.2.3 BACKSPACE Statement6.2.4 REWI N D Statement 6.2.2.2 File Disposition SpecifierREWIND REWIND 3, IOSTAT= ERRFLG, ERR= 6.3 Data-Transfer 1/0 Statements6.2.5 ENDFILE Statement 6.3.1 READ Statement6.3.1.1 Control Information List Examples WRITE ctl-list out-list 6.3.2WRITE Statement6.3.1.2 Input List 6.3.1.3 Implied-DOList6.4.1 Unformatted Data Transfer 6.4Formatted And Unformatted Data Transfer6.3.3 PRINT Statement 6.4.2.2 Format Control 6.4.2 Formatted Data Transfer6.4.2.1 Printing Formatted Records stl FORMAT flist 6.4.3FORMAT Statement6.4.3.t Edit Descriptors 1 is Ff OY1 Y2 Edit DescriptorAbsolute value of exp Form of expa Z5editdesctiptor either a sjgu ora letter indicatingthebas¢Example DollytSigfjl$ijitrrrg· FS.26.4.4.1 List-Directed Input 6.4.4List·Directed Formatting6.4.4.2 List-DirectedOutput Page 7.1.2 Program Documentation 7.1.1 Problem DefinitionCHAPTER PROGRAMMING GUIDELINES 7.1 Program Development7.1.3 Refining The Problem Definition 7.1.4 Final Coding 7.2.3 Crossing Unit Lines 7.2 FORTRAN Coding7.2.1 Functions And Subroutines 7.2.2 GO TO StatementPI = 7.3 References7.2.5 Reminders X = 2217*r* *21972 A.2 Statement Summary APPENDIX A FORTRAN-80STATEMENT SUMMARYA.1 Statement Sequence ERR = stl FORTRAN-80Statement Summary ERR = stlDATA Statement Category: Nonexecutable ELSE IF Statement Category: Executable, Block IF EQUIVALENCE Statement FUNCTION Statement Category: Nonexecutable IMPLICIT Statement OPEN Statement fORTRAN-80Statement Summary REWIND Statement SUBROUTINE Statement Category: Executable B.1 Intrinsic Function Summary APPENDIX B INTRINSIC FUNCTIONSCATEGORY Intrinsic FunctionsFORTRAN-80 <ORMB.2 Notes On Intrinsic Functions Page C.2.1 Hollerith Constants In DATA Statements APPENDIX C HOLLERITH DATA TYPEC.1 Hollerith As A Data Type C.2 The Hollerith ConstantHollerith Data Type C.3 Hollerith Format SpecificationC.4 AEditing Of Hollerith Data 0.2Nonstandard Extensions To 1977 FORTRAN APPENDIX D EXTENSIONS TO ANSI FORTRAN0.1 Standard Extensions To 1977 Subset 0.4 Differences From 1966 FORTRAN 0.3 More Specific Semantics Than 1977 FORTRANMiscellaneous extensions Seven-dimensionalarrays Page APPENDIX E ASCII CODESPage Length APPENDIX F 8080/8085 PROCESSOR DEPENDENCIESF.1 Processor Limitations On Language F.2 Compiler ExtensionsF.2.4 Free-formLine Format F.2.3 Reentrant ProceduresF.2.1 Lowercase Letters F.2.2 Port Input/Output$0077 F.2.6 Default Data LengthsF.2.5 Interpretation of DO Statements F.2.7 Including Source FilesF.3 Unit Preconnection F.2.8 REel Specification For Sequential FilesF.2.9 Flexibility In Standard Restrictions INDEX Index FREEFORM Compiler Control, F-2 Index FORTRAN-SOPage NOTES NOTES inter SOFTWARE PROBLEM REPORTIntel Corporation Attn: Literature Department 111111BUSINESS REPLY CARD Postage will be paid by AddresseeFORTRAN·80PROGRAMMING MANUAL 9800481 A REQUEST FOR READERSCOMMENTSIntel Corporation Attn: Literature Department 111111BUSINESS REPLY CARD 0LIKE YOUR COMMENTSPage Printed in U.S.A inter