FR328S ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up Reference Manual v2

Subnet Addressing

By looking at the addressing structures, you can see that even with a Class C address, there are a large number of hosts per network. Such a structure is an inefficient use of addresses if each end of a routed link requires a different network number. It is unlikely that the smaller office LANs would have that many devices. You can resolve this problem by using a technique known as subnet addressing.

Subnet addressing allows us to split one IP network address into smaller multiple physical networks known as subnetworks. Some of the node numbers are used as a subnet number instead. A Class B address gives us 16 bits of node numbers translating to 64,000 nodes. Most organizations do not use 64,000 nodes, so there are free bits that can be reassigned. Subnet addressing makes use of those bits that are free, as shown below.

Class B

Network

Subnet

Node

Figure 8-3: Example of Subnetting a Class B Address

A Class B address can be effectively translated into multiple Class C addresses. For example, the IP address of 172.16.0.0 is assigned, but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum, allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address. The IP address of 172.16.97.235 would be interpreted as IP network address 172.16, subnet number 97, and node number 235. In addition to extending the number of addresses available, subnet addressing provides other benefits. Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different subnets for other geographical locations in the network or for other departments in the organization.

Although the preceding example uses the entire third octet for a subnet address, note that you are not restricted to octet boundaries in subnetting. To create more network numbers, you need only shift some bits from the host address to the network address. For instance, to partition a Class C network number (192.68.135.0) into two, you shift one bit from the host address to the network address. The new netmask (or subnet mask) is 255.255.255.128. The first subnet has network number 192.68.135.0 with hosts 192.68.135.1 to 129.68.135.126, and the second subnet has network number 192.68.135.128 with hosts 192.68.135.129 to 192.68.135.254.

Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics

B-5

M-10207-01, Reference Manual v2

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NETGEAR FR328S manual Subnet Addressing, Example of Subnetting a Class B Address
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FR328S specifications

The NETGEAR FR328S is a versatile, high-performance router designed to meet the demands of small to medium-sized networks. This device is particularly well-suited for business environments that require reliable connectivity and robust security features. One of the standout characteristics of the FR328S is its ability to deliver advanced networking capabilities while maintaining ease of use.

At the heart of the FR328S is its high-speed performance, which supports both wired and wireless connections. Equipped with multiple Ethernet ports, the router allows users to connect various devices, ensuring seamless data transfer and reliable connections. This model supports up to 28 simultaneous devices, making it ideal for collaborative environments and ensuring that multiple users can access the network without interruption.

The FR328S features robust security protocols that protect sensitive data from unauthorized access. It supports VPN pass-through, which allows remote users to securely connect to the network. Additionally, the router includes advanced firewall capabilities and supports various security standards such as WPA2, ensuring that users can communicate in a secure online environment.

Another significant feature of the FR328S is its ability to provide Quality of Service (QoS). This technology prioritizes bandwidth for critical applications, such as video conferencing and VoIP, ensuring optimal performance even under high network traffic. The intuitive user interface makes it easy to set up and manage QoS settings, allowing administrators to optimize the network according to their specific needs.

The NETGEAR FR328S also supports dynamic routing protocols, such as RIP v1, v2, and static routing, providing flexibility in network configuration and scalability. Its ability to integrate seamlessly with various network devices ensures that it can adapt to changing network environments.

In summary, the NETGEAR FR328S is a powerful networking solution that combines high-speed performance, robust security features, and advanced QoS capabilities. Its user-friendly design makes it a practical choice for small to medium-sized businesses looking for reliability and efficiency in their networking infrastructure. With its comprehensive feature set, the FR328S is well-equipped to handle the challenges of modern networking needs.
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