Manuals / Nikon / Photography / Digital Camera

Nikon D90 user manual Small aperture f/36

Models: D90

1 300

Page 99

AShutter Speed and Aperture

The same exposure can be achieved with different combinations of shutter speed and aperture. Fast shutter speeds and larger apertures freeze moving objects and soften background details, while slow shutter speeds and small apertures blur moving objects and bring out background details.

Shutter speed

Aperture

Control panel

Fast shutter speed (1/1,600 s)

Slow shutter speed (1 s)

Small aperture (f/36)

Large aperture (f/3)

(Remember, the larger the f-number, the smaller the aperture.)

Page 99

Image 99

Nikon D90 user manual Small aperture f/36

Contents

Digital Camera Where to Find It Package Contents Trademark Information Symbols and ConventionsIii Question Key phrase How do I set the clock for daylight saving time? How do I reset file numbering to 1?Photo info, highlights How do I set the clock? World timeCan I take photos at a reduced size for e-mail? Is there an easy way to take snapshots? Auto modeVii Table of Contents Focus Point Selection Fine-Tuning White Balance Choosing a Color TemperatureMore on Photography All Modes A, and M ModesMore on Playback 127 Connections 145Menu Guide 159 166 C2 Auto Meter-off Delay 179164 165Xii 202209 Technical Notes 227Xiii Xiv For Your SafetyCD-ROMs AObserve proper precautions when handling batteriesAObserve proper precautions when handling the quick charger AUse appropriate cablesXvi Reproduced Symbol for Separate Collection in European CountriesXvii Comply with copyright noticesBefore Taking Important Pictures Use Only Nikon Brand Electronic AccessoriesXviii Disposing of Data Storage DevicesOverview Getting to Know the Camera Camera MenusFirst Steps Use Only Nikon Brand Accessories Servicing the Camera and AccessoriesOverview Camera Body Getting to Know the Camera151 DC-IN connector for optional EH-5a orUSB connector 239Live view button Memory card access lamp Information display/quick settingsQual image quality/size button AE-L/AF-L buttonAuto Modes Mode DialSelect these modes for full control over camera settings A, and M ModesLarge-Capacity Memory Cards Control PanelLCD Illuminator Viewfinder Viewfinder DisplayControl Panel and Viewfinder Shooting Information Display Operations are performed for about 10 secondsSee Also Long exposure noise reduction Shooting modeFlash control mode for Bracketing indicator167 Command Dials Image Quality and SizeSet image quality pg Exposure Autofocus ModeRelease Mode ISO SensitivitySet exposure compensation Choose a shutter speed exposure mode S or M ppChoose an aperture exposure mode a or M pp Choose a metering method pgWhite Balance Flash SettingsAttach the strap as shown below Attaching the AN-DC1 Camera StrapBM-10 Monitor Cover DK-21 Viewfinder Eyepiece CupFollowing menus are available Camera MenusSelect a menu Using Camera MenusDisplay the menus Highlight the icon for the current menuHighlight an option Position the cursor in the selected menuHighlight a menu item Display optionsHelp Plug the charger Charge the BatteryInsert the battery First StepsOpen the battery-chamber cover Insert the BatteryRemoving the Battery Remove the battery when charging is completeBattery and Charger Incompatible BatteriesEN-EL3e Rechargeable Li-ion Batteries Attach a Lens Remove the rear lens cap and the camera body capAttach the lens Vibration Reduction Detaching the LensVibration Reduction VR CPU Lenses with Aperture RingsTurn daylight saving time on or off Basic SetupSelect a language Choose a time zoneChoose a date format Exit to shooting modeSetup Menu Clock BatterySlide the card slot cover out q and open the card slot w Inserting Memory CardsOpen the card slot cover Insert the memory cardFormatting Memory Cards Formatting Memory CardsPress the Qbuttons Press the Qbuttons againNo Memory Card Write Protect SwitchRemoving Memory Cards Memory CardsAdjust Viewfinder Focus Framing pictures in the viewfinderEyepiece Correction Lenses Framing Pictures in the Monitor Live View Basic Playback Default settings, seePoint-and-Shoot Photography i and j Modes Creative Photography Scene ModesDescription Check the battery levelCheck the battery level in the viewfinder or control panel Turn the Camera OnCheck the number of exposures remaining Auto Meter OffCamera Off Display Select autofocus Check Camera SettingsSelect i or j mode Choose Shooting and Focus ModesFrame the photograph Using a Zoom LensFrame the Photograph Ready the cameraFlash may pop up and the AF-assist illuminator may light Check the indicators in the viewfinderFocus Press the shutter-release button halfwayTurning the Camera Off Turn the camera off when shooting is completeAuto Flash off Mode ShootBuilt-in Flash To take photographs in scene modes Rotate the mode dial to select a scene modeCreative Photography Scene Modes Take photographsFocus Point NClose UpFraming Pictures in the Monitor Live View Press the a buttonPress the a button to frame pictures in the monitor Check the view in the monitor Choose an autofocus modeAutofocus, the camera sets focus and exposure Choose the focus pointFocus For the face in the double yellow border whileTake the picture Exit live view modeManual focus Focus using the lens focusing ring Press the a button to exit live view modeUsing Autofocus in Live View Face-Priority AFShooting Information Display Photograph will be displayed in the monitor Basic PlaybackPress the K button View additional picturesPress the O button. a confirmation dialog will be displayed Deleting Unwanted PhotographsDisplay the photograph Delete the photograph0Icon Recording and Viewing Movies Live ViewStart recording End recordingRecording Movies Description Viewing MoviesFocus Release ModeUsing the Built-in Flash ISO Sensitivity Two-Button ResetAutofocus mode Description FocusAutofocus Lens hood Getting Good Results with AutofocusExample Subject is half in h the shade AF-Assist IlluminatorSet the focus selector lock to J Points for Custom Setting a1 AF-area mode pgFocus Point Selection Choose single- or dynamic-area AFFocus Lock Lock focusRecompose the photograph and shoot Use the AE-L/AF-Lbutton to lock focus in continuous mode Continuous Mode pgManual Focus Selector and the lens focus-mode switch to MSwitch to M Using Manual Focus with AF LensesFocal Plane Position Electronic RangefinderImage Quality and Size Image Quality and Size Large file sizeFile Names Jpeg image Image QualityOption QualityImage size Size pixels Image SizeMemory Buffer Release ModeMode Description CL mode shooting speed pgBuffer Size Continuous ModeSelect !or 9mode Frame a photograph, focus, and shootCover the Viewfinder Self-Timer Mode $Mount the camera on a tripod Select $modeBulb Start the timerSelect or #mode Using an Optional Remote Control #Before Using the Remote Control Delayed remoteTake the photograph Cover the viewfinderUsing the Built-in Flash Using the Built-in Flash i, k, n, and oModesUsing the Built-in Flash P, S, A, and M Modes Rear-Curtain Sync Flash ModeSlow is displayed after main M button is released Lowering the Built-in Flash HI 0.3-HI ISO SensitivityTwo-Button Reset Camera settings listed below can be restored to defaultDefault Settings Page 113 100109 110Lens Aperture Rings Shutter Speed and ApertureSmall aperture f/36 Flexible Program Mode P Programmed AutoChoose a shutter speed Mode S Shutter-Priority AutoMode a Aperture-Priority Auto Choose an apertureDepth of Field Choose aperture and shutter speed Mode M ManualElectronic Analog Exposure Display Custom Setting b1 set to 1/3 step Optimal exposurePressed a second time Long Time-Exposures M Mode OnlyShooting ends automatically after thirty minutes Open the shutterClose the shutter Take your finger off the shutter-release buttonMethod Description ExposureMetering To choose a metering method, pressRecompose the photograph Select center-weighted or spot meteringAutoexposure Lock P, S, and a Modes Only Lock exposureMode Setting Adjusting Shutter Speed and ApertureExposure Compensation Optional Flash Units Flash CompensationExposure and Flash Bracketing Choose the number of shotsSelect an exposure increment Exposure increment+1 EV Exposure Bracketing Exposure and Flash BracketingResuming Exposure or Flash Bracketing White Balance IFluorescent Fine tune white balance Fine-Tuning White BalanceWhite Balance Menu Select a white balance optionWB Button Press JMired Choosing a Color Temperature Color TemperatureChoose Color Temperature White Balance Menu White balance is copied from photo on memory card pg Preset Manual100 Copy from existing PhotographLight a reference object Measuring a Value for Preset White BalanceSet white balance to LPreset manual Select direct measurement mode102 Select preset d-0Measure white balance Check the resultsPreset d-0 103104 Select a destination Copying White Balance from d-0 to Presets d-1-d-4Select LPreset manual Copy d-0 to the selected presetCopy white balance Copying White Balance from a Photograph d-1-d-4 OnlyChoose Select image Highlight a source imageSelect Set Selecting a White Balance PresetSelect a preset To set white balance to a preset value107 Entering a CommentSelect Edit comment Edit the commentNikon Picture Controls Versus Custom Picture Controls Using Picture ControlsPicture Controls 108Select a Picture Control Selecting Nikon Picture ControlsChoosing a Picture Control Select Set Picture ControlModifications to Original Picture Controls Adjust settingsModifying Existing Picture Controls 110111 Picture Control SettingsToning Monochrome Only Previous Settings112 Filter Effects Monochrome OnlyEdit the selected Picture Control Creating Custom Picture ControlsSelect Manage Picture Control Select Save/editName the Picture Control 114Custom Picture Controls Select Copy to camera Sharing Custom Picture ControlsCopying Custom Picture Controls to the Camera Select Load/save116 Saving Custom Picture Controls to the Memory CardSelect Copy to card Choose a destinationManaging Custom Picture Controls Renaming Custom Picture ControlsDeleting Custom Picture Controls from the Camera Highlight Delete from card and press Deleting Custom Picture Controls from the Memory CardSelect Delete from card 118Choose an option Active D-LightingSelect matrix metering Select Active D-LightingFor more information 120Active D-Lighting Versus D-Lighting ADL BracketingCreating a Multiple Exposure Multiple ExposureHighlight one of the following options and press J Set gainSelect Done 122Other Settings Interrupting Multiple Exposures123 GP-1 GPS Unit 124GPS Data Coordinated Universal Time UTC Setup Menu Options125 Always be recorded126 127 Image Review Full-Frame Playback128 Rotate TallProtect status 139 File name Photo InformationFile Information 129130 RGB HistogramHighlights Shooting Data Page 1131 Shooting Data Page 2 Shooting Data132 133 GPS DataOverview Data 134162 135 Thumbnail Playback136 Calendar PlaybackUse Description 137138 Taking a Closer Look Playback Zoom139 Protecting Photographs from DeletionSelect an image Press the L buttonDisplay the image or highlight it in the thumbnail list Deleting Individual PhotographsPress the O button 140Transitions PictmotionChoosing Pictures Choosing Background MusicPause show see below Return to shooting modeViewing the Pictmotion Show 142Choose how long each picture will be displayed Slide Shows143 Start slide show144 145 147149 Connect the supplied audio video cable as shown Viewing Photographs on TVStandard Definition Devices Turn the camera offHdmi pg High-Definition DevicesConnect the Hdmi cable as shown 147Supplied Software Connecting to a ComputerBefore Connecting the Camera Supported Operating SystemsTurn the camera on Transfer photographs Connecting the CameraTurn the computer on Connect the USB cablePrinting Photographs 150Printing Via Direct USB Connection Turn the camera on Connecting the PrinterPrinting Pictures One at a Time Turn the camera off Connect the USB cablePress J to display PictBridge printing options Adjust printing optionsDisplay printing options 152153 Printing Multiple PicturesStart printing Display the PictBridge menu154 Select pictures or choose a dateSelecting Photographs for Printing 155To previous menu MenuCreating Index Prints Select Index print156 Select imprint options Creating a Dpof Print Order Print SetChoose Select/set Select picturesPrint Set Dpof 158159 DThe Playback Menu Managing Images Selecting Multiple PicturesThumbnail Selection Select the highlighted date Date SelectionPress J to complete the operation Highlight a date162 DeletePlayback Folder Hide ImagePictmotion Display ModeImage Review Rotate TallSlide Show Print Set Dpof164 CThe Shooting Menu Shooting Options 166 ISO Sensitivity SettingsISO Sensitivity Auto Control P, S, and a Modes Only Active D-LightingXAdobe RGB Color SpaceLong Exp. NR Long Exposure Noise Reduction 167Low High ISO NR168 Option Description HighFolder names can be up to five characters long. To Active FolderNaming and Renaming Folders 169Sound Movie settingMultiple Exposure QualityACustom Settings Fine-Tuning Camera Settings Custom Settings are used to customize camera171 Exit without changing Custom Settings Reset Custom SettingsFollowing Custom Settings are available Restore defaults for the current Custom Settings pg173 A1 AF-area Mode174 See page 54 for more information on focus settingsA2 Center Focus Point A3 Built-in AF-assist IlluminatorA4 AF Point Illumination A5 Focus Point Wrap-Around175 A6 AE-L/AF-L for MB-D80 A7 Live View Autofocus176 177 Metering/ExposureB1 EV Steps for Exposure Cntrl B2 Easy Exposure CompensationB3 Center-Weighted Area B4 Fine Tune Optimal Exposure178 C1 Shutter-Release Button AE-L Timers/AE LockC2 Auto Meter-off Delay C3 Self-TimerD1 Beep C4 Monitor off DelayShooting/Display C5 Remote on Duration181 D3 ISO Display and AdjustmentD2 Viewfinder Grid Display D4 Viewfinder Warning Display182 D6 CL Mode Shooting SpeedD5 Screen Tips D7 File Number SequenceD11 Flash Warning D10 Exposure Delay ModeD8 Shooting Info Display D9 LCD Illumination184 D12 MB-D80 Battery Type185 Bracketing/FlashE1 Flash Shutter Speed E2 Flash Cntrl for Built-in Flash186 Flash Control ModeOutput ManualRepeating Flash 187Mode Commander ModeAdjust settings for the built-in flash 188Set the remote flash units to the selected channel Adjust settings for group aAdjust settings for group B Select the channel Press J Compose the shotRaise the built-in flash Frame the photograph, focus, and shoot190 Select white balance bracketing E3 Modeling FlashE4 Auto Bracketing Set White Balance Bracketing192 Select a white balance incrementSelect ADL bracketing Canceling BracketingEnable bracketing ADL Bracketing194 E5 Auto FP E6 Bracketing Order195 196 F1 DSwitchF2 OK Button Shooting Mode Controls197 F3 Assign FUNC. Button198 FV LockAssign FV lock to the Fn button Lock flash level199 Using FV Lock with the Built-in FlashUsing FV Lock with Optional Flash Units Release FV lockOption Description AE/AF lock Again to cancel FV lockF4 Assign AE-L/AF-L Button 200201 F5 Customize Command DialsF7 Reverse Indicators F6 No Memory Card?202 BThe Setup Menu Camera SetupFormat Memory Card LCD Brightness203 Clean Image SensorLock Mirror up for Cleaning Video ModeDaylight World TimeLanguage 204Automatically during image review pg Image CommentAuto Image Rotation 205Choose a start option Frame a featureless white object in the viewfinderDImage Sensor Cleaning Image Dust off Ref PhotoAcquire dust off reference data 207Image Dust Off Reference Data 208 Battery InfoEye-Fi Upload Firmware Version209 NThe Retouch Menu Creating Retouched CopiesCreating Retouched Copies in Full-Frame Playback Creating Retouched Copies211 Creating Retouched Copies from the Retouch MenuSelect an item in the retouch menu Display retouch options212 Cancel zoomLighting Red-Eye CorrectionPossible sizes Trim213 Trim Image Quality and Size214 MonochromeFilter Effects 215Intensify reds Red intensifier , greens Green intensifier 216 Color BalanceSmall Picture Select Choose sizeChoose the desired size 217Viewing Small Pictures Highlight a photograph Image OverlaySelect Image overlay Display NEF RAW imagesSave the overlay Select the second photographHighlight the Preview column Preview the overlaySelect a photograph Adjust NEF RAW processing settingsNEF RAW Processing Select NEF RAW processing221 Quick RetouchStraighten Copy the photographDistortion Control Fisheye222 Compare the copy with the original Side-by-Side ComparisonMaking a Side-by-Side Comparison Select Side-by-side comparisonSelect Choose tab MRecent Settings/OMy MenuMRecent Settings Viewing Recent Settings Choose Tab Choosing a Custom MenuOMy Menu Creating a Custom Menu Adding Options to My MenuDeleting Options from My Menu Position the item Reordering Options in My MenuDelete the selected items Select Rank items227 Lens f-number Compatible Lenses228 Calculating Picture AngleCompatible CPU Lenses1 229AF-S/AF-I Teleconverter Non-CPU Lenses1 230Compatible Non-CPU Lenses AF-S DX 12-24mm f/4G ED AF 24-85mm f/2.8-4D 231Red-Eye Reduction AF-Assist IlluminationLens Zoom position Min. range 232Optional Flash Units Speedlights Nikon Creative Lighting System CLS233 234 Principal features of these flash units are listed belowUse Only Nikon Flash Accessories CLS-Compatible Flash UnitsZoom 235236 Other Flash Units400 23717-105 mm 24-34 mm238 Accessory ShoeAS-15 Accessory Shoe Adapter Flash Contacts239 Other Accessories240 Altitude, and UTC time with pictures pg Connect to accessory terminal to record latitude, longitudeRemote Controls 241Approved Memory Cards 242SanDisk 243 CleaningCaring for the Camera StorageLow-Pass Filter Clean NowDisplay the Clean image sensor menu Select Clean now245 Clean at Startup/ShutdownSelect Clean at startup/shutdown Select an optionManual Cleaning Use a Reliable Power Source 247Foreign Matter on the Low-Pass Filter Caring for the Camera and Battery Cautions Lens contacts Keep the lens contacts clean248 249 Display TroubleshootingProblem Solution Meter-off delay or c4 Monitor off delayIlluminator Shooting All Modes251 Image quality set to NEF RAW252 Adjust Set Picture Control settingsShooting i, j, k, l, m, n, and o modes Shooting P, S, A, MSelect On for Rotate tall Playback253 Select All for Playback folder. Note that Current isMiscellaneous 254Date of recording is not Set camera clock Correct Error Messages Indicator255 Images 256Formatted Format the card257 Appendix covers the following topics Available Settings and DefaultsAppendix 258259 260 Option Default261 E3 Modeling flash Off E4 Auto bracketing setE5 Auto FP Off E6 Bracketing order Custom Setting d6 CL mode shooting speed pg Memory Card Capacity262 263 Exposure Program264 Bracketing Progress Indicator and Number of FramesBracketing Programs Bracketing Increment265 Mode Shutter speedFlash Control Shutter Speeds Available with the Built-in FlashRange Mode 200 400Aperture, Sensitivity, and Flash Range 266Specifications Nikon D90 Digital Camera267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 Supported StandardsBattery Life 275Six AA batteries MB-D80 Approximately 1900 shots 276 IndexImage comment Image Dust Off ref photo, 206 Image file 277OK button shooting mode, 196 Optional flash 278Page 6MB03011-01