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Pentax R-315(N), R-325(N), R-326 13-5, Atmospheric Refraction and Earth Curvature Correction

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13 APPENDIX

13-5Atmospheric Refraction and Earth Curvature Correction

●Atmospheric refraction and earth curvature correction refers to correcting both

the bending of the light beam caused by atmospheric refraction and the effect

on the height differential and horizontal distance caused by the earth

curvature.

●Correction called “atmospheric refraction and earth curvature correction”is

initiated to correct error when the slope distance and vertical angle are

caused to determine the horizontal distance and the height differential, with

this instrument, the following formula is used to correct these factors.

●Calculation formula when atmospheric refraction and earth curvature

correction parameter is set to “ON”:

Corrected horizontal distance (H)

Corrected vertical distance (V)

●Calculation formula when atmospheric refraction and earth curvature

correction parameter is set to “OFF”:

S: Slope distance

α: Vertical angle from horizontal

K: Atmospheric refraction coefficient (0.14 or 0.2)

Re:Diameter of earth (6,370 km)

Horizontal distance H' = S · Cosα

Vertical distance V' = S · Sinα

V= S (Sinα + Cosα· 1–K · S · Cosα)

2Re

H= S (Cosα + Sinα· K–2 · S · Cosα)

2Re

PENTAX R-300 (p65-88) 10/30/02 11:11 AM Page 83

Contents

Main Safety Precautions (Must be followed) CAUTION Page Ni-MH CAUTION 3 Usage Precautions [Solar Observation] [Laser Beam] [EDM axis] 4 [Battery & Charger] [Auto focus] [LD POINT, Laser pointer] 5 [Storage and Operating Environment] [Transporting and Carrying the Instrument] [Checks and Repairs] Page Page Page 1 BEFORE USING THE INSTRUMENT 1-1 Names of Parts 1 BEFORE USING THE INSTRUMENT R-325(N)/R-322(N)/R-323(N): Detachable type Page 1-2 Unpacking and Packing Unpacking the Instrument from the case Packing the Instrument in the case 1-3 Standard equipment 11 1-4 Attaching and Charging the Battery Page 14 [Detaching the battery] [Display panel] Page 2 DISPLAY AND KEYBOARD 2-1 Display and Keyboard 2-2 Operation Key Key Description 2 DISPLAY AND KEYBOARD 2-3 Function Key Display F.Key Description Mode A Mode B Other functions 18 2 DISPLAY AND KEYBOARD [How to move the menu number] Example: The cursor is located at Menu 1. Press the numeric key 0 and 2 to move to Menu 2 or press [F4] [h]. 2-4 Alphanumeric Input 2-5 LD POINT, Laser Pointer 20 3 PREPARATION FOR SURVEYING 3-1 Centering and Leveling of the Instrument Setting up the instrument and the tripod 3-2 Laser plummet Laser plummet model 21 [For the Shift type laser plummet equipment model] [Brightness adjustment of laser] 22 3-3 Optical plummet (Option) [Detachable type] [Shift type] 23 3-4 Leveling with Circular vial 3-5 Leveling with Electronic vial [Electronic vial screen] [Leveling] 24 25 3-6 Eyepiece Adjustment Eyepiece adjustment 3-7 Target Sighting Page [Auto focus :Target sighting by Normal mode] 28 [Auto focus :Target sighting by Continuous mode] 29 [Auto focus :Target sighting by Power focus mode] 30 [Target sighting by Manual focus] 31 3-8 Attachment and Detachment of Tribrach Detachment Attachment 32 33 4 TURNING THE POWER ON 4-1 Turning the Power On and Off H. angle 40"39'85 H. dst. 0000000 V 4-2 Adjusting LCD Contrast 34 H. angle 40"39'85 H. dst. 0000000 V 4-3 Adjusting Illumination Brightness 4-4 Adjusting Reticle Illumination 40"39'85 35 H 5 ANGLE MEASUREMENT 5-1 Measuring an Angle 5-2 Resetting the Horizontal Angle to 0 5-3 Holding the Horizontal Angle 37 H. angle 00"00'0 H. angle 20"45'130 5-4 Inputting an Arbitrary Horizontal Angle In case of Horizontal angle 12345' 20" input Press [F5] [MODE] to enter mode B. 5 ANGLE MEASUREMENT 39 H. angle 20"45'123 5-5 Displaying the % Slope of the Vertical Angle 40 5-6 Changing the Horizontal Angle from Clockwise to Counterclockwise 41 H. angle 40"29'-267 6 DISTANCE MEASUREMENT 6-1 Target Setting V 42 Page 44 6-2 Distance Measurement V 45 V 7 CORRECTION MODE 7-1 Changing the Target Constant Page 7-2 Changing the Temperature Page 7-3 Changing the Atmospheric Pressure Page 7-4 Changing the ppm Value 8 INITIAL SETTING 8-1 Overview 8-2 Entering the Mode for Initial Setting 1 8-3 Entering the Mode for Initial Setting 2 8-4 Entering the Mode for Initial Setting 4 8-5 Entering the Mode for Initial Setting 5 8-6 Example of Changing an Initial Setting Content (Selection of Atmospheric Correction) 8-7 Initial Setting 1 8-8 Initial Setting 2 Page Page 8-9 Initial Setting 4 8-10 Initial Setting 5 9 ACCESSING THE FUNCTIONS 9-1 Accessing by Help key 9-2 Accessing by 007 Page 65 10 CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS [Cautions on CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENTS] 10-1 Electronic vial Adjustments Procedure to adjust the electronic vial: 66 10-2 Circular Vial 10-3 Vertical Reticle 10-4 Perpendicularity of Line of sight to horizontal axis 10-5 Vertical 0 point error 10-6 Laser Plummet 10-7 Optical Plummet 10-8 Offset Constant 10-9 Beam axis and Line of sight 10-10 The EDM beam axis Page 11 SPECIFICATIONS 11 SPECIFICATIONS Reflectorless items are applicable to Nmodels only. Telescope Distance measurement Measurement range (Good condition) Page 12 DATA COLLECTOR 13 APPENDIX 13 APPENDIX 13-1 Error Messages 13-2 Atmospheric Correction 81 13-3 hPa and mmHg Conversion Table Converting from hPa to mmHg Converting from mmHg to hPa 13-4 82 Error when no Atmospheric Correction is made Error table:When hPa (15C, 1013hPa as standard) Error table:With mmHg (15C, 760mmHg as standard) 13-5 Atmospheric Refraction and Earth Curvature Correction 13-6 Distance Range 14 NOTICE TO THE USER OF THIS PRODUCT 14 NOTICE TO THE USER OF THIS PRODUCT PENTAX R-300 (p65-88) 10/30/02 11:11 AM Page 86