5

3.3 Filter coils

There are other advantages to be gained from employing filter coils. The parallel capacitor can cause troublesome switching phenomena to occur, which can give rise to very large current surges.Although these surges are of only very short duration (a few milliseconds), they are nevertheless sufficient to cause switching relays to stick or circuit breakers to switch off.The filter coil serves to prevent this problem by damping the very short, high amplitude pulses in the current.

The type of filter coil needed depends on the capacitance of the capacitor employed. So, in fact every capacitor needs its own filter coil. But in some cases it is possible to group the capacitors and match them with the corresponding filter coil. For example: two capacitors of 4 µF parallel can be connected in series with one filter coil for 8 µF (see Fig. 109).

Also central filter coil systems exist where a filter system in the supply system is blocking the applied signalling frequencies.

Although the voltage across the filter coils is rather low (approx. 14 to 20 V), the filter coils have to be regarded as ballasts, as they are directly connected to the mains.They also cause some additional watt losses.

The amount of third and fifth harmonics in the mains current will rise in cases where the mains supply voltage is disturbed with third or fifth harmonics, when applying a filter coil.The total impedance for the combination of capacitor and filter coil is lower than the impedance of the sole capacitor for these frequencies (see section 5.3.9: Harmonic distortion and Fig. 108).

Fig. 109. Different ways of grouping capacitors to match them with the corresponding filter coil.

L

N

L

2 x 4 ∝F

=

capacitors

2 x 4 ∝F

coils

 

N

4 x 4 ∝F capacitors

1 x 8 ∝F filter coil

3 4 Power factor correction

Circuits with gas-discharge lamps are stabilised with inductive ballasts and compensated for a good power factor with a parallel compensating capacitor (mono-compensation, Fig. 110).

Without the capacitor the inductive ballast causes a phase shift of the current, which is lagging behind the applied voltage.

Fig. 110. Power factor correction with a parallel compensating capacitor.

B

L

C

La

N

119

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Philips Electromagnetic Lamp manual Power factor correction, 119, Filter coils
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Electromagnetic Lamp specifications

The Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is a transformative lighting solution that enhances both indoor and outdoor spaces. Designed to integrate cutting-edge technology with energy efficiency, this lamp offers a range of features tailored for diverse applications, from residential to commercial use.

One of the primary features of the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is its powerful electromagnetic technology. This technology allows for efficient energy conversion, resulting in superior light output while consuming minimal electricity. The lamp is engineered to provide a high lumen per watt ratio, making it an environmentally friendly choice for those looking to reduce their carbon footprint without compromising on brightness.

The durability of the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is another significant characteristic. Built with robust materials, it is designed to withstand various environmental conditions. Whether exposed to heat, moisture, or dust, this lamp guarantees longevity and reliable performance. Additionally, its resistance to temperature fluctuations makes it ideal for a range of settings, including industrial environments where resilience is essential.

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In conclusion, the Philips Electromagnetic Lamp is a perfect blend of efficiency, durability, and advanced technology. Its electromagnetic capabilities, long-lasting construction, diverse options, and smart compatibility make it an outstanding choice for anyone seeking a sustainable lighting solution without compromising on performance.
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