Phonetics 5000, 5100 manual Arrays, Sample Program

Chapter 8: C Programming

ARRAYS

Arrays allow you to store a lot of related information in a convenient, organized fashion. An array lets you use one line of code to create a series of variables. These variables share the same basic name and are distinguished from one another by a numerical tag.

Example:

int count[10];

This means that an array named count has 10 members or “elements,” with each element having its own value, starting with 0 and ending with 9. The first element is count[0], the second element is count[1], and so on up to count[9]. The type int means that the actual numerical value of each element is an integer.

Example:

count[2] = 7

count[4] = 131

count[9] = 26

SAMPLE PROGRAM:

This program calculates a one-hour average temperature. The array named "numbers" sets up a series of variables from 0 to 60 to hold a value for input 1 for each minute in an hour. The 60 values are totalled, then averaged. The value of input 2 is then set to this average.

By using an array, the code becomes substantially more concise. The program is first listed, then followed by a section by section explanation of how it works.

int	numbers[60];	/* array: input 1 value for each minute */
int	x;	/* index to the array */
int	total;	/* total of the input 1 values */
int	average;	/* total/60 */
int oldminute;		/* minute counter */
main()
{

if (oldminute != minutes)

{

oldminute = minutes; numbers[minutes] = input(1); total = 0;

for (x=0;x<60;x=x+1)

{

total = total + numbers[x];

}

average = total/60;

if ((total % 60) >= 30)

{

average = average + 1;

}

set_input(2,average);

}

}

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