802.1Q Tag

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

User Priority

CFI

 

 

VLAN ID (VID)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3 bits

1 bits

12 bits

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier)

 

TCI (Tag Control Information)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2 bytes

 

 

 

2 bytes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Preamble

Destination

 

Source Ad-

 

 

VLAN TAG

 

Ethernet

 

Data

 

FCS

Address

 

dress

 

 

 

 

Type

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6 bytes

6 bytes

 

 

 

4 bytes

2 bytes

 

46-1517 bytes

4 bytes

The Ether Type and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the original Ether Type/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated.

Adding an IEEE802.1Q Tag

Dest. Addr.

Src. Addr.

Length/E. type

 

Data

Old CRC

 

 

 

Original Ethernet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dest. Addr.

Src. Addr.

E. type

Tag

 

 

Length/E. type

Data

 

New CRC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

New Tagged Packet

Priority

CFI

VLAN ID

 

 

 

Port VLAN ID

Packets that are tagged (are carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one 802.1Q compliant network device to another with the VLAN information intact. This allows 802.1Q VLAN to span network devices (and indeed, the entire network – if all network devices are 802.1Q compliant).

Every physical port on a switch has a PVID. 802.1Q ports are also assigned a PVID, for use within the switch. If no VLAN are defined on the switch, all ports are then assigned to a default VLAN with a PVID equal to 1. Untagged packets are assigned the PVID of the port on which they were received. Forwarding decisions are based upon this PVID, in so far as VLAN are concerned. Tagged packets are forwarded according to the VID contained within the tag. Tagged packets are also assigned a PVID, but the PVID is not used to make packet forwarding decisions, the VID is.

Tag-aware switches must keep a table to relate PVID within the switch to VID on the network. The switch will compare the VID of a packet to be transmitted to the VID of the port that is to transmit the packet. If the two VID are different the switch will drop the packet. Because of the existence of the PVID for untagged packets and the VID for tagged packets, tag-aware and tag-unaware network devices can coexist on the same network.

A switch port can have only one PVID, but can have as many VID as the switch has memory in its VLAN table to store them.

Because some devices on a network may be tag-unaware, a decision must be made at each port on a tag-aware device before packets are transmitted – should the packet to be transmitted have a tag or not? If the transmitting port is connected to a tag-unaware device, the packet should be untagged. If the transmitting port is connected to a tag-aware device, the packet should be tagged.

Default VLANs

The Switch initially configures one VLAN, VID = 1, called "default." The factory default setting assigns all ports on the Switch to the "default". As new VLAN are configured in Port-based mode, their respective member ports are removed from the "default."

#Notice: Base on the Switch chipset specification, the Switch supports SVL(Shared VLAN Learning) , all VLAN groups share the same Layer 2 learned MAC address table.

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