a free area of one square inch per 1000 Btu/hr (22 cm2/kW) of the total input of all appliances in the enclosure, but not less than 100 square inches (645 cm2).

If the confined space is within a building of tight construction, air for combustion and ventilation must be obtained from outdoors. When directly communicating with the outdoors or communicating through vertical ducts, two permanent openings, located in the above manner, shall be provided. Each opening shall have a free area of not less than one square inch per 4000 Btu/hr (5.5 cm2/kW) of total input of all appliances in the enclosure. If horizontal ducts are used, each opening shall have a free area of not less than one square inch per 2000 Btu/ hr (11cm2/kW) of the total input of all appliances in the enclosure.

A. ALL AIR FROM INSIDE BUILDINGS: (See Figure 5 and 6)

The confined space shall be provided with two permanent openings communicating directly with an additional room(s) of sufficient volume so that the combined volume of all spaces meets the criteria for an unconfined space. The total input of all gas utilization equipment installed in the combined space shall be considered in making this determination. Each opening shall have a minimum free area of one square inch per 1,000 Btu per hour (22 cm2/kW) of the total input rating of all gas

utilization equipment in the confined space, but not less than 100 square inches (645 cm2). One opening shall commence within 12 inches (30 cm) of the top and one commencing within 12 inches (30 cm) of the bottom of the enclosures.

FIGURE 6.

B. ALL AIR FROM OUTDOORS: (See Figures 7, 8 and 9)

The confined space shall be provided with two permanent openings, one commencing within 12 inches (30 cm) of the top and one commencing within 12 inches (30 cm) from the bottom of the enclosure. The openings shall communicate directly, or by ducts, with the outdoors or spaces (crawl or attic) that freely communicate with the outdoors.

1.When directly communicating with the outdoors, each opening shall have a minimum free area of 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu per hour (5.5 cm2/kW) of total input rating of all equipment in the enclosure, see Figure 7.

FIGURE 7.

2.When communicating with the outdoors through vertical ducts, each opening shall have a minimum free area of 1 square inch per 4,000 Btu per hour (5.5 cm2/kW) of total input rating of all equipment in the enclosure, see Figure 8.

3.When communicating with the outdoors through horizontal ducts, each opening shall have a minimum free area of 1 square inch per 2,000

Btu per hour (11 cm2/kW)) of total input rating of all equipment in the enclosure, see Figure 9.

FIGURE 8.

4.When ducts are used, they shall be of the same cross-sectional area as the free area of the openings to which they connect. The minimum short side dimension of rectangular air ducts shall not be less than 3 inches (7.6 cm), see Figure 9.

FIGURE 9.

5.Alternatively a single permanent opening may be used when communicating directly with the outdoors, or with spaces that freely communicate with the outdoors. The opening shall have a minimum free area of 1 square inch per 3,000 BTU per hour (8.3 cm2/kW) of total input rating of all equipment in enclosure. See Figure 9A.

FIGURE 9.

6.Louvers and Grilles: In calculating free area, consideration shall be given to theblockingeffectoflouvers,grillesorscreensprotectingopenings.Screens usedshallnotbesmallerthan1/4inch(6.4mm)mesh.Ifthefreeareathrough a design of louver or grille is known, it should be used in calculating the size opening required to provide the free area specified. If the design and free area is not known, it may be assumed that wood louvers will be 20-25 percent free area and metal louvers and grilles will have 60-75 percent free area. Louvers and grilles shall be fixed in the open position or interlocked with the equipment so that they are opened automatically during equipment operation.

7.Special Conditions Created by Mechanical Exhausting or Fireplaces: operation of exhaust fans, ventilation systems, clothes dryers or fireplaces may create conditions requiring special attention to avoid unsatisfactory operation of installed gas utilization equipment.

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State Industries A B C D E F 100 ALL AIR from Inside Buildings See, ALL AIR from Outdoors See Figures 7, 8

A B C D E F 100 specifications

State Industries A B C D E F 100 is a groundbreaking initiative aimed at revolutionizing various sectors including manufacturing, technology, and services, by integrating advanced methodologies and innovative practices. This initiative underscores a commitment to sustainability, efficiency, and quality, setting new standards for industry performance.

One notable feature of State Industries A B C D E F 100 is its focus on automation and smart manufacturing technologies. This includes the implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices that facilitate real-time data collection and analysis. By harnessing this data, industries can optimize their operations, leading to improved productivity and reduced operational costs. Machine learning algorithms play a crucial role in predictive maintenance, enabling timely interventions that minimize downtime and enhance equipment longevity.

Another key aspect of State Industries A B C D E F 100 is the emphasis on renewable energy solutions. Many facilities are transitioning towards solar, wind, and other sustainable energy sources, which not only lowers carbon footprints but also leads to considerable savings in energy costs. This shift towards clean energy reflects a broader commitment to corporate social responsibility, addressing the environmental challenges faced by today’s industries.

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Collaboration stands as another essential characteristic of State Industries A B C D E F 100. By fostering partnerships between different stakeholders, including academia, government agencies, and private enterprises, the initiative encourages knowledge sharing and co-creation of solutions. This collaborative approach leads to the development of best practices that can be shared across sectors, amplifying the impact of technological advancements.

In conclusion, State Industries A B C D E F 100 embodies the future of industrial evolution, integrating cutting-edge technologies, sustainable practices, and collaborative efforts to create a resilient and forward-thinking industrial landscape. As industries continue to adapt to the changing global environment, the principles established by this initiative will likely play a pivotal role in shaping a sustainable and prosperous future for all.