Sun Microsystems 440 manual RAID Technology, Disk Concatenation

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RAID Technology

VERITAS Volume Manager and Solstice DiskSuite™ software support RAID technology to optimize performance, availability, and cost per user. RAID technology reduces recovery time in the event of file system errors, and increases data availability even in the event of a disk failure. There are several levels of RAID configurations that provide varying degrees of data availability with corresponding trade-offs in performance and cost.

This section describes some of the most popular and useful of those configurations, including:

■Disk concatenation

■Disk striping (RAID 0)

■Disk mirroring (RAID 1)

■Disk striping with parity (RAID 5)

■Hot-spares

Disk Concatenation

Disk concatenation is a method for increasing logical volume size beyond the capacity of one hard drive by creating one large volume from two or more smaller drives. This lets you create arbitrarily large partitions.

FIGURE 3-1Graphical Representation of Disk Concatenation

Using this method, the concatenated disks are filled with data sequentially, with the second disk being written to when no space remains on the first, the third when no space remains on the second, and so on.

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Contents Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide Page Contents Managing RAS Features and System Firmware Managing Disk Volumes Iv Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Figures Vi Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Tables Viii Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Preface How This Book Is OrganizedUsing Unix Commands Shell PromptsTypographic Conventions Related DocumentationAccessing Sun Documentation Third-Party Web SitesContacting Sun Technical Support Sun Welcomes Your CommentsConfiguring the System Console Communicating With the System1Ways of Communicating With the System Using the System Console What the System Console DoesSerial MGT NET MGT Alom serial management port Alom network management port Alternative System Console Configuration 3Alternative Console Ports Require Additional ConfigurationAccessing the System Console Through a Graphics Monitor About the sc Prompt Reaching the sc Prompt OpenBoot ok PromptAccess Through Multiple Controller Sessions Reaching the ok Prompt L1-A Stop-A Keys or Break Key Alom System Controller break or console CommandGraceful Shutdown Externally Initiated Reset XIR Manual System ResetFor More Information Getting to the ok Prompt2Ways of Accessing the ok Prompt To Get to the ok PromptConsole # Accessing the System Controller Using the Serial Management PortEstablish an Alom system controller session Activating the Network Management PortTo Use the Serial Management Port Log out of the Alom system controller session To verify the network settings, typeTo Activate the Network Management Port Accessing the System Console Through a Terminal Server To Access The System Console Through a Terminal Server3Pin Crossovers for Connecting to a Typical Terminal Server Open a terminal session on the connecting device, and type Accessing the System Console Through a TIP Connection Power on the systemTo Access the System Console Through the TIP Connection A shell tool window on the Sun system, typeOk power-off To Modify the /etc/remote File If the number displayed by the uname -rcommand is less thanModifying the /etc/remote File Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Ok setenv input-device ttyb ok setenv output-device ttyb Verifying Serial Port Settings on Ttyb To Verify the Serial Port Settings on TtybOpen a shell tool window Type Look for the following outputFor more information, see Getting to the ok Prompt on To cause the changes to take effect, type System Console OpenBoot Configuration Variable Settings Output-device Ttya Ttyb Screen Input-device KeyboardNetra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Managing RAS Features and System Firmware Alom System Controller Logging In To the Alom System ControllerAbout the scadm Utility To Log In To the Alom System ControllerTo View Environmental Information Sc showenvironmentControlling the Locator LED To turn on the Locator LED, do one of the followingTo turn off the Locator LED, do one of the following OpenBoot Emergency Procedures Stop-N Functionality To Restore OpenBoot Configuration DefaultsStop-A Functionality Automatic System Recovery To reset the system, type the following commandStop-F Functionality Stop-D FunctionalityAuto-Boot Options Error Handling Summary Reset Scenarios Automatic System Recovery User CommandsEnabling and Disabling Automatic System Recovery To Enable Automatic System RecoveryTo cause the parameter change to take effect, type To Disable Automatic System RecoveryTo cause the parameter changes to take effect, type To Unconfigure a Device Manually Unconfiguring and Reconfiguring DevicesObtaining Automatic System Recovery Information To determine full physical device paths, type To Reconfigure a Device Manually To Enable the Hardware Watchdog Mechanism Enabling the Hardware Watchdog Mechanism and Its OptionsMultipathing Software Managing Disk Volumes Disk VolumesSun StorEdge Traffic Manager Volume Management SoftwareVeritas Dynamic Multipathing Managing Disk Volumes RAID Technology Disk ConcatenationRAID 0 Disk Striping RAID 1 Disk MirroringHot-Spares Hardware Disk MirroringRAID 5 Disk Striping With Parity To Create a Hardware Disk Mirror C1t3d0 Devices/pci@1f,700000/scsi@2/sd@3,0For example To Delete a Hardware Disk Mirror To delete the volume, type the following command To confirm a failed disk, type the following command To Perform a Mirrored Disk Hot-Plug OperationTo Perform a Non-Mirrored Disk Hot-SwapOperation View the status of the Scsi devices CD-ROMRemove the hard drive from the device tree # cfgadm -x removedevice c0dsk/c1t1d0Configure the new hard drive Verify that the device has been removed from the device treeVerify that the new hard drive is in the device tree OpenBoot Configuration Variables Baudrate, bits Appendix a OpenBoot Configuration Variables Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Alarm Relay Output Application Programming Interface Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Page Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Page Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Symbols IndexNetra 440 Server System Administration Guide August Asr-disable, 46 go Console, 11, 41 console -f, 9 poweroff, 12 poweron Uadmin 11 uname, 25 uname -r Netra 440 Server System Administration Guide August